【摘要】： 本學(xué)位論文從2008年4月-2008年11月對(duì)廈門吸血雙翅目(蚊業(yè)科)的蚊種進(jìn)行了初步的調(diào)查,共發(fā)現(xiàn)6種蚊蟲,分屬于2族,3屬,4亞屬。 蚊種鑒定為: 致倦庫(kù)蚊(Culex fatigans Wiedemann,1828) 三帶喙庫(kù)蚊(Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles,1901) 擬態(tài)庫(kù)蚊(Culex mimeticus Noé,1899) 白紋伊蚊(Aedes albopictus Skuse,1894) 乳點(diǎn)伊蚊(Aedes macfarlanei,1914) 中華按蚊(Anopheles(A.)hycanus var.sinensis) 實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)對(duì)廈門白紋伊蚊進(jìn)行了種群的建立,探索出實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)蚊蟲飼養(yǎng)的良好條件,現(xiàn)已繁殖了6代。對(duì)生活史中各個(gè)時(shí)期的特征進(jìn)行了生物學(xué)特征的觀察,并對(duì)蟲卵孵化率、蛹化率、羽化率進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室飼養(yǎng)的廈門白紋伊蚊孵化率較高,而且較穩(wěn)定;幼蟲的成活率平均達(dá)到98.2%;蛹化率達(dá)到90%以上;羽化率97.2%以上;雄蚊可存活14-38天,雌蚊可達(dá)20-62天。 對(duì)白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵習(xí)性的試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)其產(chǎn)卵喜歡在粗糙的產(chǎn)卵介質(zhì)表面、喜歡在容器背景較暗的容器中產(chǎn)卵。 最后,我們分別用銅Cu、汞Hg、三甲基錫Sn(CH_3)_3對(duì)白紋伊蚊的第2、4期幼蟲和卵進(jìn)行急性毒理試驗(yàn),計(jì)算其24h-LC50。Cu~(2+)對(duì)白紋伊蚊第2期幼蟲的24h-LC50為175.67 mg·L~(-1),對(duì)第4期幼蟲的24h-LC50為282.42 mg·L~(-1)。Ug~+對(duì)白紋伊蚊第2期幼蟲的24h-LC50為10.47 mg·L~(-1),對(duì)第4期幼蟲的24h-LC50為18.64 mg·L~(-1)。Sn(CH_3)_3對(duì)白紋伊蚊第2期幼蟲的24h-LC50為2.19 mg·L~(-1),對(duì)第4期幼蟲的24h-LC50為2.92 mg·L~(-1)。 Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3對(duì)白紋伊蚊蟲卵孵化率存在一定的影響,都低于對(duì)照組,但足彼此之間不存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的差異。白紋伊蚊幼蟲對(duì)于Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3的耐受性從大到小為Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3。 不同齡期的幼蟲對(duì)于同一種毒液的24h-LC50存在差異,對(duì)于毒液的耐受力也不同。
[Abstract]:In this dissertation, from April 2008 to November 2008, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the species of Diptera (Diptera) from Xiamen. Six species of mosquitoes were found, which belong to 2 families, 3 genera and 4 subgenera. Species identification of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Culex fatigans Wiedemannn 1828) (Culex tritaeniorhynchus Gilesus 1901) (Culex mimeticus No 茅 1899) (Aedes albopictus Skuse1894) Aedes albopictus Aedes albopictus (Aedes albopictus, Xiamen) was established in the laboratory of Aedes macfarlaneiae 1914 (Anopheles sinensis (Anopheles (A.) hycanus var.sinensis). Good conditions for mosquito breeding in laboratory have been explored, and have been bred for 6 generations. The biological characteristics of Aedes albopictus in different stages of life history were observed, and the hatching rate, pupae rate and emergence rate of eggs were analyzed. It was found that the hatching rate of Aedes albopictus raised in the laboratory was high and stable. The average survival rate of larva was 98.2%, the pupae rate was over 90%, the emergence rate was more than 97.2%, the male mosquito could survive 14-38 days, the female mosquito could reach 20-62 days. Experiments on the spawning habits of Aedes albopictus showed that the spawning of Aedes albopictus tended to be on the rough surface of spawning medium and in the container with dark background. Finally, acute toxicological tests were carried out on the 2nd stage larvae and eggs of Aedes albopictus with copper cupric, mercury Hg3, trimethyltin Sn (CH_3) 3, respectively. The 24h-LC50 of 24h-LC50 Cu2 to the second stage of Aedes albopictus was 175.67 mg L ~ (-1), the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 282.42 mg L ~ (-1). The 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 10.47 mg L ~ (-1), and the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 18.64 mg L ~ (-1). 3 the 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 18.64 mg / L ~ (-1). 3 the 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 18.64 mg / L ~ (-1). 2.19 mg / L ~ (-1), the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 2.92 mg / L ~ (-1). Cu2 ~ (2) Hg- Sn (CH_3) _ 3 had some effect on the hatching rate of Aedes albopictus eggs. Both were lower than the control group, but there was no statistical difference between the foot and each other. The tolerance of Aedes albopictus larvae to Cu2 Hgsn (CH_3) 3 is from large to small to Cu2 HgSn (CH_3) 3. The larva of different ages had different 24h-LC50 for the same venom and different tolerance to venom.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：R184

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