【摘要】：2002年11月16日,首例SARS患者在中國廣東發(fā)生,隨后蔓延到30多個國家和地區(qū),對人類健康造成嚴(yán)重威脅。2003年4月16同,世界衛(wèi)生組織根據(jù)多個實驗室研究結(jié)果,確認(rèn)一種全新的冠狀病毒是SARS疾病的病原,這種冠狀病毒不屬于已知的任何一種冠狀病毒,命名為SARS相關(guān)冠狀病毒(SARS-COV)。 根據(jù)流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,普遍認(rèn)為SARS病毒很可能來源于動物。2003年5月23日,香港大學(xué)與深圳疾控中心聯(lián)合調(diào)查組宣布在果子貍體內(nèi)檢測到SARS樣病毒,分離到的病毒基因組序列與人SARS病毒99%同源。農(nóng)業(yè)部動物冠狀病毒疫源調(diào)查組從果子貍、水蛇、果蝠和獼猴的咽拭子或肛拭子中檢測到SARS樣病毒核酸,所擴(kuò)基因為S1、NP和M基因,測序結(jié)果與SARS病毒基因同源性在96%-100%之間;血清學(xué)檢測顯示果子貍、水蛇、果蝠、穿山甲等動物部分血清呈SARS病毒抗體陽性反應(yīng)�；谶@此調(diào)查結(jié)果,果子貍成為傳播SARS的最大嫌疑。 果子貍對SARS病毒的易感性是判斷果子貍能否成為SARS傳播來源的關(guān)鍵依據(jù),本研究用SARS病毒GZ01、BJ01株分別接種果子貍,觀察臨床癥狀、剖檢與病理組織學(xué)變化,并用套式RT-PCR方法和病毒分離方法檢測感染果子貍的咽拭子、肛拭子、血液樣品及各器官組織,研究果子貍帶毒、排毒、病毒在體內(nèi)分布以及抗體產(chǎn)生等規(guī)律。根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果,判斷果子貍對人源SARS病毒的易感性,結(jié)合野生動物血清學(xué)調(diào)查等研究成果,綜合分析推斷果子貍在SARS病毒傳播中的作用,從而為SARS病毒的來源研究提供科學(xué)依據(jù),同時評價果子貍作為新的SARS研究動物模型的可行性。研究結(jié)果如下: 1 接種GZ01和BJ01毒株的果子貍在24-48小時開始發(fā)熱,發(fā)熱癥狀明顯、穩(wěn)定,持續(xù)6-16天不等,B組比A組體溫升高強(qiáng)度較大,發(fā)熱持續(xù)時間也較長。果子貍發(fā)熱的同時伴隨有精神沉郁、食欲減退等癥狀,個別發(fā)生腹瀉癥狀。
[Abstract]:On November 16, 2002, the first SARS case occurred in Guangdong, China, and then spread to more than 30 countries and regions, posing a serious threat to human health. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent of SARS. This coronavirus is not a known coronavirus and is named SARS-COV. According to epidemiological investigations, it is generally believed that the SARS virus may have originated in animals. On May 23, 2003, the Joint investigation team of the University of Hong Kong and the Shenzhen CDC announced that the SARS-like virus had been detected in the beaver. The genome sequence of the isolated virus was 99% homologous to that of human SARS virus. SARS-like virus nucleic acid was detected from throat swabs or anal swabs of beaver, water snake, fruit bat and rhesus monkey by the investigation of animal coronavirus of Ministry of Agriculture. The nucleic acid of SARS-like virus was amplified by S1-NP and M gene. The result of sequencing was between 96% and 100% homology with SARS virus gene. Serological tests showed that the sera of some animals, such as civets, water snakes, fruit bats and pangolins, were positive for SARS virus antibodies. Based on the findings, the civets became the biggest suspect in the spread of SARS. The susceptibility of civets to SARS virus is the key to judge whether the civets can become the source of SARS transmission. In this study, we inoculated the civets with GZ01and BJ01 strain of SARS virus, and observed the clinical symptoms, autopsy and histopathological changes. The throat swabs, anal swabs, blood samples and tissues of infected civets were detected by nested RT-PCR and virus isolation methods. According to the experimental results, the susceptibility of civets to human SARS virus was judged, and combined with the research results of wild animal serological investigation, the role of civets in the transmission of SARS virus was comprehensively analyzed and inferred. It provides scientific basis for the study of the origin of SARS virus and evaluates the feasibility of the civets as a new animal model for SARS research. The results were as follows: 1 the civets inoculated with GZ01 and BJ01 began to febrile from 24 to 48 hours, and the symptoms of fever were obvious and stable. The body temperature in group B was higher than that in group A for 6-16 days, and the fever lasted longer. Civets fever accompanied by depression, loss of appetite and other symptoms, individual diarrhea symptoms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R181.3

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