本文選題：接種率 + 免疫規(guī)劃��； 參考：《中國兒童保健雜志》2014年07期

【摘要】：目的了解宜昌市城區(qū)2003-2012年免疫規(guī)劃疫苗接種情況變化趨勢,為指導(dǎo)今后的常規(guī)免疫工作提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法按容量比例概率抽樣法,每年在城區(qū)范圍內(nèi)以區(qū)為單位,隨機(jī)抽取30個(gè)村居和30個(gè)集貿(mào)市場,每個(gè)村居抽查12~24月齡和24~36月齡的兒童各5人,每個(gè)集貿(mào)市場抽查1~3周歲兒童5人。調(diào)查其免疫規(guī)劃"五苗"(乙肝疫苗、卡介苗、脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗、麻疹類疫苗)基礎(chǔ)免疫及加強(qiáng)免疫接種情況。結(jié)果十年間1~3歲兒童建證率、各疫苗調(diào)查接種率呈逐年上升趨勢;不同年份出生的兒童卡介苗調(diào)查接種率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=18.994,P0.05),乙肝疫苗首針及時(shí)接種率、"五苗"全程合格接種率、乙肝疫苗、脊髓灰質(zhì)炎減毒活疫苗、百白破聯(lián)合疫苗、麻疹疫苗調(diào)查接種率等差異均有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01);常住兒童和流動(dòng)兒童"五苗"全程合格接種率、各單苗調(diào)查接種率差異均有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。結(jié)論擴(kuò)大國家免疫規(guī)劃實(shí)施后,宜昌市1~3歲兒童免疫規(guī)劃疫苗接種率維持在較高水平,常住兒童中已建立起較為牢固的免疫規(guī)劃疫苗相關(guān)疾病的免疫屏障,但仍需繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)兒童的免疫預(yù)防服務(wù)工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the trend of immunization planning vaccination in Yichang city from 2003 to 2012, and to provide scientific basis for guiding routine immunization work in the future. Methods according to the capacity proportional probability sampling, 30 villages and 30 market markets were randomly selected in the urban area each year. The children aged 12 to 24 months and 24 to 36 months old were randomly selected from each village, and 5 children from each village were randomly selected for 12 to 24 months of age and 24 to 36 months old respectively. Each market spot check 1 or 3-year-old children 5 people. To investigate the basic and enhanced immunization of five vaccines (hepatitis B vaccine, BCG vaccine, poliomyelitis vaccine, DPT vaccine, measles vaccine). Results in the past ten years, the prevalence rate of children aged 1 to 3 years old was increased year by year, and the vaccination rate of each vaccine survey was increasing year by year. There were significant differences in the rate of BCG vaccination among children born in different years (蠂 2 + 18.994% P 0.05). The rate of first vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in time, the rate of qualified vaccination of "five vaccines", the rate of hepatitis B vaccine, live attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine, and the combined vaccine of diphtheria tetanus were significantly different. There were statistically significant differences in measles vaccine coverage rate (P0.01), five vaccinations in resident children and floating children in the whole process, and the difference in coverage rate of each single vaccine was statistically significant (P0.01). Conclusion after the implementation of the expanded National Immunization Program, the immunization coverage rate of children aged 1 to 3 years old in Yichang City has been maintained at a high level, and a relatively solid immunization barrier for vaccine-related diseases has been established among children living in Yichang. However, it is still necessary to continue to strengthen immunization prevention services for migrant children.
【作者單位】： 宜昌市疾病預(yù)防控制中心;三峽大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生研究中心;
【基金】：中央擴(kuò)大國家免疫規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目(HZTD-ZFCG-2013-022)
【分類號(hào)】：R186

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