本文選題：山東德州 + 法定傳染病��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景傳染病一直是威脅人類健康的大敵。傳染病流行規(guī)律的認(rèn)識和防制措施的制定有賴于對歷史監(jiān)測資料的分析。山東省德州市自2006年建立傳染病網(wǎng)絡(luò)直報(bào)體系以來,法定傳染病報(bào)告管理工作得到不斷的發(fā)展和完善,為探討德州市本地傳染病發(fā)生、發(fā)展規(guī)律提供了豐富的數(shù)據(jù)支持。德州市交通發(fā)達(dá),流動人口較多,發(fā)生聚集/暴發(fā)疫情的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大,因此分析德州市法定傳染病的流行規(guī)律,對于控制疫情發(fā)展,防止或及時(shí)處置聚集/暴發(fā)疫情,保障人群健康具有十分重要的意義。研究目的了解和掌握德州市法定傳染病流行病學(xué)規(guī)律,探討重點(diǎn)傳染病的防制要點(diǎn),初步預(yù)測2016年部分重點(diǎn)傳染病發(fā)病情況,為衛(wèi)生行政部門傳染病防制和衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急工作部署提供參考依據(jù)。研究方法通過中國疾病預(yù)防控制信息系統(tǒng)下載2006-2015年法定傳染病數(shù)據(jù),分析部分重點(diǎn)傳染病疫情規(guī)律,利用移動平均數(shù)法和加權(quán)平均數(shù)法對2016年部分重點(diǎn)傳染病疫情進(jìn)行預(yù)測,使用Excel2010和SPSS19.0對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。研究結(jié)果1總體疫情特征:2006-2015年,德州市報(bào)告法定傳染病病例數(shù)呈現(xiàn)緩慢上升趨勢,共報(bào)告病例123748例,年均發(fā)病率221.01/10萬。其中,無甲類傳染病報(bào)告,報(bào)告乙類傳染病60453例,報(bào)告丙類傳染病63295例。報(bào)告死亡病例237例,年均死亡率為0.42/10萬。5-6月份為發(fā)病高峰,占29.51%,男性77507例,女性46241例。職業(yè)分布以農(nóng)民為主。2重點(diǎn)傳染病疫情特征:1)手足口病發(fā)病呈現(xiàn)明顯的季節(jié)性特征,5-6月份達(dá)發(fā)病高峰(占54.48%),地區(qū)分布為德城區(qū)病例數(shù)最多。男性25037例,女性14572例。發(fā)病年齡主要集中在5歲以下。2)肺結(jié)核發(fā)病呈現(xiàn)逐年下降趨勢。肺結(jié)核發(fā)病以1月份發(fā)病最多。男性16779例,女性9168例。職業(yè)分布以農(nóng)民最多。3)2006-2015年德州市乙肝發(fā)病21537例,丙肝1985例,未分型肝炎749例,戊肝263例,甲肝223例。乙肝發(fā)病男性13530例,女性8007例,職業(yè)分布以農(nóng)民最多。丙肝發(fā)病呈現(xiàn)逐年上升趨勢,病例主要集中在禹城市。4)其它感染性腹瀉病發(fā)病呈現(xiàn)逐年上升趨勢,6月份發(fā)病最多,男性6959例,女性4456例,職業(yè)分布以散居兒童最多。5)流行性感冒發(fā)病呈現(xiàn)逐年上升趨勢。發(fā)病月份以12月份發(fā)病最多,男性4230例,女性3226例,職業(yè)分布以農(nóng)民最多。3預(yù)測結(jié)論:預(yù)測2016年手足口病、肺結(jié)核、乙肝、其它感染性腹瀉病、流行性感冒發(fā)病數(shù)分別為5902例、1890例、3644例、2449例和1800例。結(jié)論與建議德州市法定傳染病總體疫情平穩(wěn)。手足口病呈現(xiàn)周期性流行,其它感染性腹瀉病、流感、乙肝報(bào)告發(fā)病逐漸增多,肺結(jié)核發(fā)病數(shù)逐漸下降。建議繼續(xù)鞏固和擴(kuò)大德州市免疫規(guī)劃疫苗接種,完善教育、農(nóng)業(yè)、畜牧、工商等部門間傳染病聯(lián)防聯(lián)控工作機(jī)制,加強(qiáng)健康教育,提高各級醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)傳染病診療和應(yīng)對能力。
[Abstract]:Background Infectious diseases have been a major threat to human health. The understanding of epidemic law of infectious diseases and the formulation of prevention and control measures depend on the analysis of historical surveillance data. Since the establishment of network direct reporting system of infectious diseases in Dezhou City of Shandong Province in 2006, the report management of statutory infectious diseases has been continuously developed and improved, which provides abundant data support for the discussion of the occurrence and development law of local infectious diseases in Dezhou City. Dezhou has developed traffic, large floating population, and high risk of gathering / outbreak. Therefore, to control the epidemic development and prevent or deal with the aggregation / outbreak in time, the epidemic law of statutory infectious diseases in Dezhou is analyzed. It is of great significance to protect the health of people. Objective to understand and master the epidemiological law of statutory infectious diseases in Dezhou City, to discuss the key points of prevention and control of key infectious diseases, and to predict the incidence of some key infectious diseases in 2016. To provide reference for infectious disease prevention and control of health administrative departments and health emergency arrangements. Methods through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information system (CDC), the epidemic data of some key infectious diseases from 2006 to 2015 were downloaded, and the epidemic patterns of some key infectious diseases were analyzed. The method of moving average and weighted average were used to predict the epidemic situation of some key infectious diseases in 2016. Excel2010 and SPSS19.0 are used to analyze the data. Results 1 from 2006 to 2015, the number of reported cases of statutory infectious diseases in Dezhou City showed a slow upward trend, with a total of 123748 cases reported, with an average annual incidence of 221.01 / 100 thousand. Among them, 60453 cases of Class B infectious diseases and 63295 cases of Class C infectious diseases were reported. A total of 237 deaths were reported, with an average annual mortality rate of 0.42 / 100,000.May-June as the highest incidence rate, accounting for 29.51%, with 77507 males and 46241 females. The occupational distribution was characterized by the epidemic characteristics of 2 key infectious diseases mainly among farmers: 1) the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease showed obvious seasonal characteristics and reached its peak in May and June (54.48%), with the largest number of cases distributed in Decheng District. There were 25037 males and 14572 females. The onset age of pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly under 5 years old. 2) the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis is decreasing year by year. Tuberculosis is the most common disease in January. There were 16779 males and 9168 females. The occupational distribution included 21537 cases of hepatitis B, 1985 cases of hepatitis C, 749 cases of unclassified hepatitis, 263 cases of hepatitis E and 223 cases of hepatitis A in Dezhou from 2006 to 2015. The incidence of hepatitis B was 13530 males and 8007 females. The incidence of hepatitis C increased year by year, and the cases mainly concentrated in Yucheng. 4) the incidence of other infectious diarrhoeal diseases increased year by year. In June, there were 6959 males and 4456 females. The occupational distribution was the highest among scattered children. 5) the incidence of influenza increased year by year. The most common month was December, with 4230 males and 3226 females. The occupational distribution was as follows: forecast of hand, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and other infectious diarrhoeal diseases in 2016. The incidence of influenza was 5902 cases, 1 890 cases and 3 644 cases respectively. There were 2 449 cases and 1800 cases respectively. Conclusion and suggestion the epidemic situation of legal infectious diseases in Dezhou is stable. Hand-foot-mouth disease showed a periodic epidemic, other infectious diarrhea, influenza, hepatitis B report increased gradually, the number of tuberculosis gradually decreased. It is suggested that we should continue to consolidate and expand immunization planning vaccination in Dezhou, improve the mechanism of interdepartmental joint prevention and control of infectious diseases, such as education, agriculture, animal husbandry, industry and commerce, strengthen health education, and improve the ability of medical institutions at all levels to diagnose, treat and respond to infectious diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R181.8

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