本文選題：滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺 + 冬眠溫度　； 參考：《大理學(xué)院》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下研究云南血吸蟲病流行環(huán)節(jié)唯一中間宿主---滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺溫度適生范圍,測定釘螺的越夏致死溫度、冬眠溫度和越冬致死溫度。從而,完善滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺生態(tài)理論基礎(chǔ),為有效控制該地區(qū)血吸蟲病的流行提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：對采自云南山區(qū)的滇川亞種釘螺(O.h.r.yunnan strain),采用實(shí)驗(yàn)室模擬自然環(huán)境逐步改變溫度的方法,分別測定釘螺的越夏致死高溫、冬眠溫度和越冬致死低溫。采用直線回歸法計算釘螺的半數(shù)致死高溫、半數(shù)冬眠溫度(ET50),即發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度、半數(shù)致死低溫,擬合logistic曲線方程。 結(jié)果：越夏致死溫度：當(dāng)溫度升至37℃釘螺開始出現(xiàn)死亡,40℃干燥組和潮濕組死亡率明顯升高,十燥組死亡率升高顯著。干燥組釘螺和潮濕組釘螺全部死亡的溫度分別為43℃和44℃。干燥和潮濕環(huán)境中的釘螺的半數(shù)致死高溫(LT50)分別為40.041℃(95%可信區(qū)間為39.424-40.680℃)和41.230℃(95%可信區(qū)間為40.430-42.190℃)。36℃以上高溫(X)和釘螺死亡率(Y^)間分別可擬合logistic曲線方程：Y^=101/(1+e12.274-1.064x)(F=116.422,P0.01)Y^潮=101/(1+e39.926-0.978x)(F=65.125,P0.01).冬眠溫度：在13℃以下,隨著環(huán)境溫度的降低,釘螺的活動逐漸減少,呈閉厴狀態(tài)的釘螺逐漸增多。降至2℃時,釘螺的閉厴率達(dá)100%。當(dāng)溫度逐漸降低至11℃左右,部分釘螺開始出現(xiàn)冬眠現(xiàn)象。降至0℃,釘螺的冬眠率達(dá)100%.釘螺半數(shù)冬眠溫度(ET50)為5.312℃(95%可信區(qū)間為4.771-5.832℃)13℃以下溫度與釘螺冬眠率間的logistic曲線方程為：Y^=101/(1+e0.668x-4.13)(F=415.383,P0.01).越冬致死低度：潮濕組濕度55%,釘螺非浸水環(huán)境：在干燥和潮濕環(huán)境中,當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度降到0℃以下時,釘螺開始出現(xiàn)死亡.干燥組釘螺和潮濕組釘螺全部死亡的溫度分別為-7℃和-8℃.釘螺在干燥和潮濕環(huán)境中的低溫半數(shù)致死溫度(LT50)分別為和-3.712℃(95%可信區(qū)間為-3.968至-3.456℃)和-2.794℃(95%可信區(qū)間為-3.024至-2.562℃)。低溫和釘螺死亡率間的logistic曲線方程分別為：Y^干=101/(1+e1.029+2.987x)(F=347.84,P0.001)；Y^潮=101/(1+e0.975x+3.76)(F=132.002,P0.001).潮濕組濕度75%,釘螺浸水環(huán)境：溫度降至-1℃時,干燥和潮濕環(huán)境中經(jīng)12h后釘螺死亡率分別為13.3%和60.0%(X=28.134,P0.0001)；釘螺在干燥和潮濕環(huán)境的低溫半數(shù)致死溫度(LT50)分別為-3.371℃(95%可信區(qū)間為-3.810至-2.929℃)和-1.085℃(95%可信區(qū)間為-2.203至0.349℃)。 結(jié)論：(1)12℃以下滇川業(yè)種云南地理株釘螺開始出現(xiàn)冬眠現(xiàn)象。(2)滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺對極限低溫和高溫的耐受性在干燥環(huán)境中比在潮濕環(huán)境中弱。(3)滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺與湖北指名業(yè)種釘螺對極限高溫和極限低溫的耐受性相比較比較無差異。(4)在0℃以下濕度對滇川亞種云南地理株釘螺死亡率影響顯著。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the suitable temperature range of Oncomelania hupensis in Yunnan Province, the only intermediate host of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province, and to determine the summer death temperature, hibernation temperature and wintering death temperature of Oncomelania hupensis. Therefore, the ecological theory of Oncomelania hupensis of Yunnan subspecies was improved, which provided scientific basis for effectively controlling the prevalence of schistosomiasis in this area. Methods: Oncomelania hupensis O. h.r.yunnan strainna collected from Yunnan mountainous area was determined by the method of simulating natural environment to change the temperature step by step. The lethal high temperature, hibernation temperature and winter lethal temperature of Oncomelania hupensis were determined respectively. The half lethal high temperature and half hibernation temperature of Oncomelania hupensis were calculated by linear regression method, namely the development threshold temperature and the half lethal low temperature. The equation of logistic curve was fitted. Results: the death rate of the dead snail began to rise when the temperature rose to 37 鈩，

本文編號：1819361