本文選題：沙塵暴 + 細(xì)顆粒物　； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：大氣細(xì)顆粒物能夠進(jìn)入人體肺部,甚至到達(dá)肺泡區(qū),對(duì)健康的危害很大,近年來國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)大氣細(xì)顆粒物的研究越來越重視。本論文對(duì)沙塵暴細(xì)顆粒物的DNA損傷和氧化應(yīng)激作用進(jìn)行了研究。 所謂大氣細(xì)顆粒物(PM_(2.5))是指空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)當(dāng)量直徑≤2.5μm的懸浮顆粒物。本研究所使用的PM_(2.5)是用美國(guó)熱電子公司(ThermoAndersen)生產(chǎn)的PM_(2.5)大流量空氣采樣器于2004年3月1日至5月31日在甘肅省武威市和內(nèi)蒙古包頭市采集的。 本研究分兩部分,分別采用體外和體內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行沙塵暴PM_(2.5)的毒理學(xué)研究。體外實(shí)驗(yàn)是用正常天氣和沙塵暴PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有機(jī)提取物,分別作用于體外培養(yǎng)的大鼠肺泡巨噬細(xì)胞(AM),運(yùn)用四甲基偶氮唑鹽(MTT)法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞存活率以及用單細(xì)胞凝膠電泳技術(shù)(SCGE)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞DNA的損傷作用。結(jié)果表明:(1)沙塵暴和正常天氣PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有機(jī)提取物均對(duì)大鼠AM產(chǎn)生一定的細(xì)胞毒性,且隨劑量的增大而增強(qiáng)。(2)沙塵暴和正常天氣PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有機(jī)提取物均可引起細(xì)胞DNA損傷,且隨劑量增加而損傷增大;正常天氣比沙塵暴樣品對(duì)細(xì)胞DNA損傷作用更大。(3)不論正常天氣PM_(2.5)還是沙塵暴PM_(2.5)其有機(jī)提取物對(duì)DNA的損傷作用均比水提取物作用更強(qiáng),表明PM_(2.5)中引起DNA損傷的主要化學(xué)物是有機(jī)化合物種類。(4)武威與包頭兩城市工業(yè)水平不同,大氣污染程度不同,但兩地沙塵暴PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有機(jī)提取物對(duì)細(xì)胞DNA的損傷作用,在兩地之間并無明顯差異,由此推論兩地沙塵暴PM_(2.5)所含遺傳毒性化學(xué)物可能類似。 體內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)采用氣管直接注入染毒法,用正常天氣和沙塵暴PM_(2.5)給大鼠染毒一次,染毒24h后處死大鼠,分別測(cè)定肺、心、肝臟的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及脂質(zhì)過氧化作用(LPO)水平,同時(shí)用SCGE檢測(cè)肺細(xì)胞DNA的損傷。結(jié)果表明:(1)沙塵暴和正常天氣PM_(2.5)染毒后大鼠肺、肝臟SOD酶的活性均隨染毒劑量的增
[Abstract]:The airborne fine particulate matter can enter the lung of the human body , even reach the alveolar region , the harm to the health is great , the research on airborne fine particulate matter is more and more important at home and abroad in recent years . The paper studies the DNA damage and oxidative stress of the fine particles of dust storm .










PM _ ( 2.5 ) , which is used by the Institute , is collected from Wuwei city of Gansu Province and Baotou city of Inner Mongolia from March 1 to May 31 , 2004 .










In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to study the effects of PM _ ( 2.5 ) and water extracts and organic extracts on DNA damage in rats . The results showed that : ( 1 ) Both dust storm and normal weather PM _ ( 2.5 ) and their water extracts and organic extracts could induce cellular DNA damage .










The activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , glutathione ( GSH ) and lipid peroxidation ( LPO ) in lung , heart and liver were measured after 24 hours of exposure . The results showed that : ( 1 ) The activities of SOD and SOD in lung and liver of rats were increased with the increase of the dosage of the infected rats .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R188;P445.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 羅曉玲;河西走廊東部空氣污染的天氣成因分析及濃度預(yù)報(bào)[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2004年06期

2 張e，

本文編號(hào)：1801592