本文選題：摘要 + 醫(yī)學媒介��； 參考：《中國人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學科學院》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：蟲媒傳染病是一類重要的疾病。相當一部分通過節(jié)肢動物叮咬在嚙齒動物間傳播，感染人類引起人間的流行，仍是一個重要的公共衛(wèi)生問題。開展中朝長白山毗鄰區(qū)域鼠類和體表寄生蟲及其攜帶病原的研究，對于兩國間媒介傳播傳染病的聯合防控是非常重要、也非常有意義的。 朝鮮國與中朝邊境線全長1334公里，其中陸界1289公里，水界45公里；該區(qū)域地處溫帶、亞熱帶地區(qū)，生物物種豐富，同時這些地區(qū)的氣候和自然地理條件也非常適合多種醫(yī)學媒介生物的生存繁殖，是蜱、鼠傳疾病的高發(fā)區(qū)。朝鮮的傳染病疫情向外界通報的情況極少。對于與我國長白山毗鄰口岸區(qū)域尚缺乏基礎性的系統(tǒng)研究。 2009年到2011年，中朝雙方在朝方的惠山口岸和中方的長白口岸地區(qū)開展了為期3年的鼠、蜱等醫(yī)學媒介生物聯合調查研究。獲得如下結果： 1、共捕獲鼠類9種485只，其中中方355只，朝方130只，中方長白口岸區(qū)域以黑線姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)為主，占總采樣量的65.9%，另包括褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)7.6%，大林姬鼠(Apodemus peninsulae)10.4%，棕背（Clethrionomys rufocanus）6.2%，紅背(Clethrionomys. rutilus Pallas)1.1%，大倉鼠(Cricetulus triton)3.9%，東方田鼠(Microtus fortis)4.5%，小家鼠(Musmusculus)0.3%；朝方惠山以褐家鼠為主，占總采樣量的70.8%，另包括黑線姬鼠6.2%，大林姬鼠16.9%，棕背(4.6%，紅背(0.8%，花鼠(Eutamiassibiricus)0.8%。除采樣誤差外，朝方人口密度大，森林覆蓋面積低可能是鼠種密度差別的重要原因。該區(qū)域蚤、螨等體表寄生蟲攜帶率比較高，2009年采集的合計蚤類14種，其中3種為雙方共發(fā)現種。5種僅在中方方發(fā)現，6種僅在朝方發(fā)現。廄真厲螨(E ulaelaps stabularis Koch)是當地螨蟲的優(yōu)勢種群，占所分揀總數的95%。并在中方捕獲游離蜱森林革蜱(Dermacentor silvarum)約700只。 2、亞洲是肺出血熱病例最多的地區(qū)，朝鮮出現熱病毒情況現在外界基本無了解。本次從朝鮮采集的褐家鼠中，分離出漢城型病毒(Seoul virus)16例，陽性率為17.4%（16/92），顯示朝方褐家鼠具有很高的病毒攜帶率，根據其序列特征，和S3亞型比較接近。中國是世界上出血熱病例最多的國家，主要由漢灘型（Hantaan virus）和漢城型（Seoul virus）出血熱病毒引起，前期的研究顯示出血熱疫區(qū)常有兩種漢坦病毒亞型共存。 3、本研究顯示在長白縣境內存在漢灘型、漢城型和Amur型（Amur viurs）三種類型的漢坦病毒，但漢城型病毒僅在2010年位于長白大橋的江邊檢測到，隨著2010年當地政府對江邊進行整修，隨后在該位置的連續(xù)三次監(jiān)測皆未檢測出漢城型病毒。本研究還發(fā)現在鴨綠江流域地區(qū)檢測到Amur型漢坦病毒的M片段和Amur病毒原型株AP209的同源性為93%，和國內報道的序列同源性為95%到97%， S片段和Amur病毒原型株AP209的同源性為91%，和國內報道的序列同源性為97%。L片段和Amur病毒原型株AP209的同源性僅為88%。 4、本研究從54組森林革蜱樣本中檢測到4份陽性，并進行了全序列測定，顯示在長白山東坡的游離森林革蜱中存在遠東型森林腦炎病毒。本研究提示該地區(qū)也可能是該病毒的自然疫源地，需加強監(jiān)測和研究。 5、本研究用立克次體特異的gltA和ompB基因片段擴增引物，檢測中朝雙方捕獲鼠中分揀的534只廄真厲螨、森林革蜱、黑線姬鼠和大林姬鼠。通過序列測定, BLAST分析和phylogenetic構建顯示兩個擴增基因與貓立克次體（Rickettsia felis）同源性最高，但與黑龍江立克次體有較大的差異。本研究首次在我國大陸地區(qū)和朝鮮國報道了與貓立克次體近緣的立克次體存在，并從廄真厲螨中檢出該立克次體。這為我國和朝鮮開展此病原的研究提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Insect borne infectious diseases are an important class of diseases. A considerable portion of the disease is transmitted by arthropod bites among rodents, infecting human prevalence, and still an important public health problem. Studies on rodents and parasites and their carrying diseases in the adjacent regions of Changbai Mountain, China, are carried out for the media transmission of infectious diseases between the two countries. Joint prevention and control is very important and meaningful.
The North Korean and China DPRK border line is 1334 kilometers long, of which the land boundary is 1289 kilometers and the water boundary is 45 kilometers. The region is located in the temperate zone, the subtropical region is rich in biological species. At the same time, the climate and the natural geographical conditions of these regions are also very suitable for the survival and reproduction of various medical media organisms. It is a high incidence area of ticks and rat borne diseases. The epidemic disease of North Korea is the epidemic disease. There is very little information about the situation. There is no systematic research on the area adjacent to our Changbai Mountain port.
From 2009 to 2011, China and the DPRK carried out a 3 year joint investigation on the medical media of mice and ticks in the Huishan port of the DPRK and the Chinese Changbai port area. The following results were obtained:
1, a total of 9 species of rodent were captured, including 355 Chinese and 130 DPRK. The Chinese Changbai port area was dominated by Apodemus agrarius, accounting for 65.9% of the total sampling, including Rattus norvegicus (Rattus norvegicus) 7.6%, Apodemus peninsulae (Apodemus peninsulae) 10.4%, Clethrionomys rufocanus 6.2%, and Clethrionomys. Rutilus Pal. LAS) 1.1%, Cricetulus Triton (Cricetulus triton), Oriental vole (Microtus fortis) 4.5%, and small family mouse (Musmusculus) 0.3%; DPRK was dominated by Rattus norvegicus, accounting for 70.8% of the total sampling, including 6.2% of the Apodemus black line, 16.9% of Dalin's Apodemus, and brown back (4.6%, red back (0.8%, Eutamiassibiricus) 0.8%., and the population density of the DPRK was large. The low forest cover area may be an important reason for the difference in the density of the species. The rate of the parasites, such as the fleas and mites in the region, is high. There are 14 species of total fleas collected in 2009, of which 3 are found only in the Chinese side, and the 6 species are only found in the Korean side. The stable mites (E ulaelaps stabularis Koch) are the dominant species of the local mites. The group accounted for 95%. of the total number of sorted species and captured about 700 Dermacentor ticks silvarum in China.
2, Asia is the most case of pulmonary haemorrhagic fever, and there is no understanding of the occurrence of thermo virus in Korea. From the Korean Rattus norvegicus, 16 cases of Seoul virus (Seoul virus) are isolated, the positive rate is 17.4% (16/92), which shows the high virus carrying rate of the Korean Rattus norvegicus, which is compared with the S3 subtype according to its sequence characteristics. China is the country with most cases of hemorrhagic fever in the world, mainly caused by the Hantaan virus (Hantaan virus) and the Seoul type (Seoul virus) hemorrhagic fever virus. The previous study showed that there were two hantavirus subtypes coexisting in the epidemic area of hemorrhagic fever.
3, this study showed that there were three types of Hantaan virus in Hantaan, Seoul and Amur (Amur viurs) in Changbai County, but the Seoul virus was detected only in the river side of the Changbai bridge in 2010. With the local government refurbished by the local government in 2010, the Seoul virus was not detected in the subsequent three consecutive monitoring sites. The study also found that the homology of the M fragment of Amur type Hantavirus and the Amur virus prototype strain AP209 was 93%, and the homology from the domestic reported sequence was 95% to 97%. The homology of the S fragment and the Amur virus prototype strain AP209 was 91%, and the homology of the domestic reported sequence was 97%.L fragment and Amur virus prototype strain AP209. The homology is only 88%.
4, in this study, 4 positive samples were detected from 54 sets of tick samples and a full sequence determination showed that there was a far east type forest encephalitis virus in the free forest leather ticks on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountain. This study suggested that the region may also be a natural source of the virus, and it needs to be monitored and studied.
5, the primers were amplified by the Rickettsia Rickettsia specific gltA and ompB gene fragments to detect the 534 stable mites, leathers, Apodemus and Dalin Apodemus. Through sequencing, BLAST analysis and phylogenetic construction showed that two amplifications were the highest homology with the cat rickettsia (Rickettsia felis). However, there is a great difference between the Rickettsia and Rickettsia in Heilongjiang and China. The Rickettsia Rickettsia near the cat Rickettsia has been reported for the first time in China and North Korea, and the Rickettsia is detected from the stable mites. This provides a reference for the study of this pathogen in China and Korea.

【學位授予單位】：中國人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學科學院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R184

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