本文選題：艾滋病病毒/艾滋病　切入點(diǎn)：寧南縣　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的了解四川省涼山彝族自治州寧南縣當(dāng)?shù)?歲-59歲社區(qū)人群的HIV感染率水平和艾滋病在該地區(qū)社區(qū)人群中流行的主要危險(xiǎn)因素,為進(jìn)一步的艾滋病防治工作提供依據(jù)和研究基礎(chǔ)。方法2009年7月,采用橫斷面研究設(shè)計(jì),經(jīng)分層、整群抽樣方法在涼山彝族自治州寧南縣隨機(jī)抽取了年滿2歲-59歲的社區(qū)居民共3232人作為研究對(duì)象開展問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查；問(wèn)卷調(diào)查采用涼山彝族自治州艾滋病普查健康調(diào)查表,調(diào)查居民的一般人口學(xué)特征、HIV/AIDS相關(guān)行為學(xué)特征和流動(dòng)情況等,實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查包括HIV、HCV和梅毒的檢測(cè)。數(shù)據(jù)錄入與分析分別采用Epidata 3.1、SPSS 16.0和Stata 9.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。結(jié)果共有3232例當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)居民被納入本次研究。平均年齡32.1歲；其中男性43.2%,女性56.8%；漢族79.1%,彝族17.8%；以在婚或同居者(86.2%)、初中及以下文化程度者(93.1%)和農(nóng)民(78.8%)居多。研究對(duì)象中有0.06%承認(rèn)吸毒但吸毒方式不詳；有0.6%的調(diào)查對(duì)象最近1年有過(guò)多性伴關(guān)系,其中50.0%的人在最近1次的多性伴關(guān)系中未使用安全套；有8.9%的人在最近1年內(nèi)有外地打工史。本次調(diào)查共檢測(cè)3232份血樣,1例HIV陽(yáng)性,為彝族男性；人群HIV陽(yáng)性檢出率為0.03%,其中彝族人口HIV陽(yáng)性率為0.2%(1/574)。7例HCV陽(yáng)性,人群HCV陽(yáng)性檢出率為0.22%；未檢出梅毒陽(yáng)性。結(jié)論本次流行病學(xué)調(diào)查為四川省涼山彝族自治州寧南縣首次系統(tǒng)、完整的艾滋病橫斷面調(diào)查,所得結(jié)果可以反映該地區(qū)艾滋病流行狀況。結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)丶韧鶊?bào)告的零散陽(yáng)性病例對(duì)該縣艾滋病的流行狀況進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為寧南縣的艾滋病疫情尚處于低流行狀態(tài),是涼山州HIV/AIDS感染水平最低的地區(qū)之一,最建議進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)艾滋病預(yù)防工作力度,深入社區(qū)對(duì)各類人群開展深入有效的預(yù)防干預(yù)工作。 目的了解涼山彝族自治州寧南縣工廠等地和監(jiān)所羈押男性人群的HIV感染率水平和艾滋病在該地區(qū)這一人群中流行的主要危險(xiǎn)因素,為進(jìn)一步的艾滋病防治工作提供依據(jù)和研究基礎(chǔ)。方法2009年8月,采用橫斷面研究設(shè)計(jì),經(jīng)方便抽樣方法在涼山彝族自治州寧南縣抽取了年滿15歲-52歲、來(lái)自工廠等地的21例和來(lái)自監(jiān)所羈押的69例男性共90例作為研究對(duì)象開展問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查；問(wèn)卷調(diào)查采用涼山彝族自治州艾滋病普查健康調(diào)查表,調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括一般人口學(xué)特征、HIV/AIDS相關(guān)行為學(xué)特征和流動(dòng)情況等,實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查包括HIV、HCV和梅毒的檢測(cè)。數(shù)據(jù)錄入與分析分別采用Epidata 3.1、SPSS 16.0和Stata9.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。結(jié)果共90例當(dāng)?shù)毓S等地和監(jiān)所羈押的男性居民被納入本次研究。平均年齡31.0歲；漢族66.7%,彝族31.1%；在婚或同居者(56.7%)、初中及以下文化程度者(81.1%)和農(nóng)民(52.2%)為多數(shù)。研究對(duì)象中有10.0%承認(rèn)吸毒,其中7.8%采用靜脈注射方式吸毒,66.7%的人有過(guò)共用針具行為；有17.8%的調(diào)查對(duì)象在最近1年有多性伴行為,其中62.5%的人在最近1次的多性伴關(guān)系中未使用安全套；有17.8%的人在最近1年內(nèi)有外地打工史。本次調(diào)查共檢測(cè)90份血樣,3例HIV陽(yáng)性,HIV陽(yáng)性檢出率為3.33%,HIV陽(yáng)性者均為來(lái)自監(jiān)所羈押的彝族人群,彝族人口HIV陽(yáng)性率為10.7%(3/28)；7例HCV陽(yáng)性,HCV陽(yáng)性檢出率為7.78%；未檢出梅毒陽(yáng)性。結(jié)論寧南縣的部分高危人群中(監(jiān)所羈押人群、吸毒人群等)HIV和HCV的感染率較高。彝族、男性(20歲-39歲)、吸毒(靜脈吸毒且共用針具)以及多性伴關(guān)系等危險(xiǎn)行為是HIV感染的高危因素,特別是靜脈吸毒且共用針具是造成HIV/AIDS感染的主要危險(xiǎn)行為。寧南縣必須加強(qiáng)彝族男性青壯年和吸毒人群的艾滋病綜合防治機(jī)制,加快建立高危人群監(jiān)測(cè)哨點(diǎn),并對(duì)其開展深入、有效的預(yù)防干預(yù)工作。
[Abstract]:The main risk in the community population in this area is in the rate of understanding of Sichuan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Liangshan province Ningnan County local community population aged 2 -59 HIV infection and AIDS factors, provide the basis and foundation for further research on AIDS prevention and control work. In July 2009, a cross-sectional study, by stratified cluster sampling method in Ningnan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, randomly selected at the age of 2 -59 years old residents a total of 3232 people to carry out questionnaire and laboratory examination as the research object; questionnaire survey by the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of AIDS health survey questionnaire, the general demographic characteristics of the residents, HIV/AIDS related behavioral characteristics and flow conditions, laboratory tests including HIV detection of HCV and syphilis. Data entry and analysis using Epidata 3.1, SPSS 16 and Stata 9 statistical software. Results a total of 3232 The local community residents were included in the study. The average age of 32.1 years; 43.2% males, 56.8% females; 79.1% Han Yi, 17.8%; in marriage or cohabitation (86.2%), junior high school and below education level (93.1%) and (78.8%) the majority of farmers. The research object in 0.06% ways but admitted drug use unknown; 0.6% of the respondents in recent 1 years and had several sex partners, 50% of them in the last 1 more partners did not use condoms in; 8.9% people were working in the field of history in recent 1 years. The survey was the detection of 3232 blood samples, 1 cases were HIV positive, for Yi men; population HIV positive rate was 0.03%, the positive rate of HIV was 0.2% in the Yi population (1/574).7 groups were HCV positive, the positive rate of HCV was 0.22%; no detection of syphilis. This survey conclusion of Sichuan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Liangshan Province Ning Nanxian for the first time, end The AIDS cross-sectional survey, the results can reflect the status of the AIDS epidemic in the region were analyzed. Combined with the previous reports of scattered positive cases in the county AIDS epidemic situation, think of the AIDS epidemic in Ningnan County is still in low prevalence state, the state of Liangshan is one of the lowest level of HIV/AIDS infected areas, the suggestions to further strengthen AIDS prevention work efforts into the community to carry out in-depth and effective prevention and intervention work on all types of people.
Objective to understand the main risk in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Ningnan County, factories and other places and male prisoners in HIV infection rate and AIDS in midstream of this population in this area factors, provide the basis and foundation for further research on AIDS prevention and control work. In August 2009, a cross-sectional study design by convenient sampling method in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Ningnan County from age 15 -52 years old, from the factory to 21 cases from prison and detention of 69 male patients with a total of 90 cases as the research object to carry out questionnaire and laboratory examination; questionnaire survey in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of AIDS health survey questionnaire, questionnaire including demographic characteristics, HIV/AIDS related behavior characteristics and flow conditions, laboratory tests including HIV, HCV and syphilis detection. Data entry and analysis using Epidata 3.1, SPSS 16 and S The tata9.0 statistical software. Results: a total of 90 cases of local factories and prison custody of the male residents were included in the study. The average age of 31 years; 66.7% Han Yi, 31.1%; married or cohabiting (56.7%), junior high school and below education level (81.1%) and (52.2%) the number of farmers to study. 10% respondents admitted taking drugs, 7.8% of them with intravenous drug use, 66.7% people had needle sharing behavior; 17.8% of the respondents have the behavior of multiple sexual partners in the last 1 years, 62.5% of them in the last 1 more partners did not use condoms in 17.8% of people overseas; work history in recent 1 years. The survey was the detection of 90 blood samples, 3 cases were HIV positive, the positive rate of HIV was 3.33%, HIV positive were from prison custody of the Yi ethnic group, the positive rate of HIV was 10.7% in the Yi population (3/28); 7 cases were HCV positive, HCV positive detection rate 7.78%; unghecded Positive for syphilis. Some conclusions in the high risk population in Ningnan County (prison custody, drug users) with high rates of HIV and HCV infection. Yi, male (20 years old -39 years old), drug abuse (intravenous drug use and needle sharing) and multi partner relationship risk behavior is a high risk factor for HIV infection in particular, intravenous drug use and needle sharing is the main risk behaviors of HIV/AIDS infection. Ningnan County Comprehensive AIDS prevention and control mechanism must strengthen the Yi young men and drug addicts, accelerate the establishment of a high-risk population of sentinel surveillance, and to carry out in-depth, effective prevention and intervention work.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R181.3

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