本文關(guān)鍵詞： 流行病學監(jiān)測 系統(tǒng) 系統(tǒng)理論 系統(tǒng)工程　出處：《蘇州大學》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 目的:明確流行病學監(jiān)測的概念;探討流行病學監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的性質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)與功能以及實施過程;為創(chuàng)建并完善流行病學監(jiān)測的理論體系提供素材;為科學地指導流行病學監(jiān)測實踐提供理論依據(jù)。 方法:(1)應(yīng)用邏輯學中給概念下定義和劃分的方法,明確流行病學監(jiān)測的概念;(2)應(yīng)用邏輯學演繹推理中的性質(zhì)推理和歸納推理中的不完全歸納推理的方法,推導流行病學監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的性質(zhì);(3)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)理論的原理與方法研究本系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及功能;(4)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)工程的方法研究流行病學監(jiān)測的實施過程。 結(jié)果:(1)流行病學監(jiān)測是指為了防制疾病、促進健康、保護人類生存環(huán)境,通過長期、連續(xù)、準確地收集一定范圍內(nèi)某一個或某一類公共衛(wèi)生問題的動態(tài)分布及其影響因素的資料,經(jīng)過處理、分析、解釋,及時地傳遞所得信息,并將結(jié)果反饋給各有關(guān)部門及人員,為制定相應(yīng)的策略和措施以及評價策略和措施的效果提供科學有效的依據(jù),包括人群健康狀況監(jiān)測、突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件監(jiān)測、人類生存環(huán)境監(jiān)測、人類健康影響因素監(jiān)測以及防制措施監(jiān)測;(2)流行病學監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)應(yīng)有的性質(zhì)是:重要性與必要性、整體性、多元性與相關(guān)性、目的性、結(jié)構(gòu)性與層次性、長期性、連續(xù)性與追蹤性、生產(chǎn)性與實用性、法制性與強制性、動態(tài)平衡性與適應(yīng)性等;(3)流行病學監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)按功能不同分為四個子系統(tǒng):①組織管理系統(tǒng)由決策層、管理層、實施層以及服務(wù)層組成,為系統(tǒng)提供組織框架,管理和協(xié)調(diào)整個系統(tǒng)的運行;②信息系統(tǒng)由信息管理者、信息源、信息處理器及信息用戶組成,通過采集、處理、存儲、管理、檢索和傳輸信息,為管理部門決策提供可靠依據(jù);③監(jiān)測方案是系統(tǒng)的核心部分,對監(jiān)測實踐起著指導和規(guī)范作用;④保障系統(tǒng)是從多個方面對整個系統(tǒng)進行保障,以確保系統(tǒng)的正常運行并保證監(jiān)測的質(zhì)量。四個子系統(tǒng)緊密聯(lián)系、相互作用,使系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)出它的整體功能即生產(chǎn)監(jiān)測信息;(4)流行病學監(jiān)測的實施是一個從需求分析、系統(tǒng)分析、系統(tǒng)設(shè)計、系統(tǒng)實施、系統(tǒng)評價到系統(tǒng)完善的逐步有序開展的過程。 結(jié)論:本研究明確了流行病學監(jiān)測的概念,解決了流行病學監(jiān)測概念不清的問題;探討了流行病學監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的性質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)與功能以及具體的實施過程,體現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)理論在流行病學監(jiān)測中的靈活運用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to clarify the concept of epidemiological surveillance; To explore the nature, structure and function of epidemiological surveillance system and its implementation process; To provide materials for establishing and perfecting the theoretical system of epidemiological surveillance; To provide a theoretical basis for the scientific guidance of epidemiological surveillance practice. Methods (1) the concept of epidemiological surveillance was defined by the method of defining and dividing the concepts in logic. (2) to deduce the nature of epidemiological surveillance system by using the methods of attribute reasoning in logical deductive reasoning and incomplete inductive reasoning in inductive reasoning; 3) studying the structure and function of the system by applying the principle and method of the system theory; Application of systems engineering method to study the implementation process of epidemiological surveillance. Results Epidemiology surveillance is to prevent and control diseases, promote health, protect human living environment, through long-term, continuous. To collect accurately the dynamic distribution of a certain public health problem or a certain class of public health problems and their influencing factors, after processing, analysis, interpretation, and timely transmission of the information. The results were fed back to the relevant departments and personnel to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating the corresponding strategies and measures and evaluating the effects of the strategies and measures, including the monitoring of the health status of the population. Public health emergency monitoring, human survival environment monitoring, human health impact factors monitoring and prevention measures monitoring; 2) the nature of epidemiological surveillance system should be: importance and necessity, integrity, pluralism and relevance, purpose, structure and level, long-term, continuity and tracing, productivity and practicability. Legality and compulsion, dynamic balance and adaptability; The epidemiological surveillance system is divided into four subsystems according to its function: 1: 1. The system is composed of decision layer, management layer, implementation layer and service layer, which provides the organizational framework for the system. Manage and coordinate the operation of the whole system; (2) Information system is composed of information manager, information source, information processor and information user. By collecting, processing, storing, managing, retrieving and transmitting information, the information system can provide reliable basis for the decision of management department. (3) the monitoring scheme is the core part of the system, which plays a guiding and normative role in monitoring practice; 4 the support system guarantees the whole system from many aspects to ensure the normal operation of the system and the quality of the monitoring. The four subsystems are closely linked and interact with each other. Make the system present its whole function namely production monitor information; The implementation of epidemiological surveillance is a gradual and orderly process from demand analysis, system analysis, system design, system implementation, system evaluation to system perfection. Conclusion: this study clarified the concept of epidemiological surveillance and solved the problem of unclear concept of epidemiological surveillance. This paper discusses the nature, structure and function of the epidemiological surveillance system and its concrete implementation process, which reflects the flexible application of the system theory in the epidemiological monitoring.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R181.3

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 熊麗輝;基于系統(tǒng)科學理論的王永炎學術(shù)團隊治療中風急性期痰熱腑實證醫(yī)案研究[D];中國中醫(yī)科學院;2012年

，

本文編號：1487471