本文關鍵詞：抗高效氯氰聚酯家蠅品系的交互抗性及其相關酶的活性研究　出處：《山東師范大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 家蠅 抗性培育 交互抗性 酶活 同工酶 羽化率 抗性衰退

【摘要】：本文以家蠅為實驗對象,通過實驗的前期準備,熟悉了家蠅的飼養(yǎng)方法及抗性培育方法,并采用點滴法性作為抗性培育及生物測試的方法。實驗所用的家蠅敏感品系是山東疾病控制預防中心昆蟲飼養(yǎng)室長期飼養(yǎng)的,抗性培育是從實驗室內飼養(yǎng)的敏感品系(S)開始,所使用的殺蟲劑為高效氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)。對抗性培育家蠅的采用點滴法進行抗藥性倍數(shù)的測定后,并選擇不同抗性水平的家蠅對其他三種殺蟲劑進行抗性倍數(shù)的測定,以觀察抗高效氯氰菊酯抗性家蠅對其他殺蟲劑的交互抗性。實驗觀察記錄了家蠅抗藥性培育的結果;統(tǒng)計了不同抗性水平家蠅對其他三種殺蟲劑的交互抗性的變化;并測量了不同抗性水平家蠅體內GSH-PX、AChE、SOD活性的變化,并對相關酶的同工酶的電泳譜帶進行分析;觀察了不同抗性水平家蠅的羽化率的變化;最后觀察了不同雜交條件下對家蠅抗性衰減的影響。 通過對家蠅品系26代的抗性培育,家蠅的抗性倍數(shù)從敏感品系(S),到F_(26)代時抗性倍數(shù)達到152.9079,抗性家蠅抗性水平已經達到高抗水平,這對家蠅的防制產生了較大的困難。 在家蠅的抗性培育過程中,分別對抗性選育的F_5、F_(10)、F_(16)、F_(22)和F_(26)家蠅品系對溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、敵敵畏(DDVP)和殘殺威(propoxur)3種殺蟲劑的抗性倍數(shù)的測定。結果顯示,抗高效氯氰菊酯家蠅在F_(26)時抗性倍數(shù)增長了44.8196倍,存在明顯的交互抗性;對DDVP的抗性倍數(shù)到F_(26)時增長了8.7899倍,有交互抗性;對殘殺威,抗性倍數(shù)保持在1倍左右,在F_(26)時,抗性倍數(shù)最低,為0.6074倍,存在負交互抗性。由此可以得出,擬除蟲菊酯類抗性家蠅對同類的藥劑存在明顯的交互抗性,對有機磷殺蟲劑有一定的交互抗性,對氨基甲酸酯類殺蟲劑存在負交互抗性。這些結果對于選用具有負交互抗性殺蟲劑防制家蠅有指導作用。 為檢測抗性選育的家蠅品系對家蠅體內酶的作用,分別對不同抗性水平家蠅的GSH-PX、AChE和SOD三種酶進行了酶活的測定,結果顯示,家蠅體內的三種酶的酶活均發(fā)生了較大的變化。GSH-PX隨著家蠅抗性的增長,活性逐漸增強,在F_(26)時達到最高,相對活性達到236.55%,其POD同工酶酶譜帶顏色均有加深趨勢,特別是PX_3和PX_4條帶在F_(18)達到最深,說明酶表達量增加,活性加強,因此可以看出GSH-PX作為重要的解毒酶系,活性增強與抗性的增長有關;AChE作為重要的靶標酶系,隨著家蠅抗性的增高,AChE活性降低,因此表現(xiàn)為靶標不敏感,有利于降低殺蟲劑的危害,在酯酶同工酶酶譜中,E_1和E_3顏色逐漸加深,而E_5條帶顏色變淺,甚至消失,說明酯酶同工酶結構性質有所改變;SOD作為昆蟲體內重要保護酶系,家蠅的抗性增長的同時,SOD活性逐漸增強,到F_(26)時到達最強,相對活性達到297.35%,活性增加了近3倍,SOD活性增強有利于消除家蠅體內氧自由基,達到保護作用,在SOD同工酶酶譜中,4條譜帶顏色逐漸加深,與SOD活性變化相符。 在本研究過程中,為觀察家蠅的抗性增長對家蠅羽化率的影響,選取不同抗性世代家蠅測定其羽化率情況。結果顯示,隨著抗性的增高,家蠅的羽化率隨之降低,羽化率從敏感品系的為91.33%,到F_(26)時降到44.67%,下降率達到51.10%。說明家蠅抗性的增長是以羽化率降低為代價的,這也是抗性適合度的一個重要方面。 此外,在抗性家蠅培育通過對第26代家蠅連續(xù)培養(yǎng)7代,觀察每代家蠅在不同的雜交情況下抗性衰退情況。結果顯示,敏感品系雌性家蠅與抗性品系的雄性家蠅雜交后抗性衰減最快,經過7代后抗性倍數(shù)降到2.2989,衰減率達到98.50%,基本接近敏感水平;抗性雌性家蠅與敏感雄性家蠅的雜交后衰減也較快,衰減率達到91.85%;在自然衰退狀況下,抗性衰退稍慢,其衰減率也達到83.66%。結果說明,實驗室培育的單抗品系,在無殺蟲劑的選擇壓力下,抗性的衰退較快,因此在對防制家蠅的過程中,為防止抗性的產生,同一種殺蟲劑的停用或換用其他殺蟲劑有利于抗性的衰減,增加家蠅防制效果。
[Abstract]:In this paper, housefly as the experimental object, through the preparation of the experiment, familiar with housefly breeding methods and resistance breeding, and the drop method as the method of resistance breeding and biological testing. Housefly sensitive strains used in the experiment is the Shandong Center for Disease Control and prevention insectaria long-term breeding, resistance training is susceptible rearing in the laboratory (S) from the start, the use of pesticides for cypermethrin (beta-cypermethrin). Against the cultivation using topicalapplication method for determination of housefly resistance ratio, determination and select resistance levels of different housefly resistance ratio of the other three kinds of insecticides, in order to observe the effect of anti cross resistance to cypermethrin resistance of housefly to other insecticides. The observed resistance of housefly breeding results; the statistics of different resistance levels of housefly to other three kinds of insecticides to Change of mutual resistance; and measured the different resistance levels of housefly in vivo GSH-PX, AChE, SOD activity, and the related enzyme electrophoresis isozyme bands were analyzed; observed changes in different resistance level housefly emergence rate; finally the effect on attenuation of housefly resistance under different hybridization.
Through resistance to the 26 generation of housefly strain, the resistance multiple of Musca domestica from the susceptible strain (S) to the F_ (26) generation reached 152.9079, and the resistance level of the resistant Musca domestica has reached a high level, which caused great difficulties for the control of housefly.
In the cultivation of the resistance of housefly resistance breeding process, respectively F_5, F_ (10), F_ (16), F_ (22) and F_ (26) strains of housefly to deltamethrin (deltamethrin), dichlorvos (DDVP) and propoxur (propoxur) determination of resistance ratio of 3 insecticides. Results display, anti cypermethrin of housefly in F_ (26) when the resistance ratio increased by 44.8196 times, there are obvious cross resistance; the resistance ratio of DDVP to F_ (26) an increase of 8.7899 times, have cross resistance to propoxur;, the resistance ratio maintained at about 1 times in F_ (26), the resistance index was lowest, 0.6074 times, has negativecross resistance. It can be concluded that the pyrethroid resistance of Musca domestica to the same insecticide exist obvious cross resistance, some cross resistance to organophosphorus insecticides, has negativecross resistance to carbamate pesticides. These results have negative cross resistance to insecticides selection It has a guiding role in the control of housefly.
For the detection of strains of housefly resistance breeding of housefly enzymes, respectively on Housefly with different resistance levels of GSH-PX, AChE and SOD of three enzymes were determined. The enzyme showed that three enzymes in vivo housefly enzyme activity were changed greatly with.GSH-PX of Musca domestica to growth activity gradually, in the F_ (26) reached the highest, relative activity reached 236.55%, bands of color are the deepening trend of POD isozyme, especially PX_3 and PX_4 bands in F_ (18) reached the deepest, it is suggested that the enzyme expression increase, strengthen the activity, therefore GSH-PX can be seen as an importantdetoxification enzyme. Enhanced activity associated with resistance to growth; AChE as an important target enzymes, with the increase of housefly resistance, AChE activity decreased, so the performance is not sensitive to the target, to reduce the harm of pesticides, the esterase isozyme, E_1 and E_3 color gradually increase Deep, E_5 band color shallow, or even disappear, illustrate the structural properties of esterase isozyme change; SOD as an important protective enzyme in insects, the resistance of housefly increased at the same time, SOD activity gradually increased to F_ (26) to reach the strongest, the relative activity reached 297.35%, the activity increased by nearly 3 times, SOD enhanced activity of Musca domestica is conducive to the elimination of free radicals, achieve the protective effect in the SOD isozymes, 4 bands of color gradually deepened, consistent with the change of SOD activity.
In the course of study, to observe the growth of housefly resistance effect of housefly emergence rate, selection of different generations to determine the resistance of housefly emergence rate. The results showed that with the increase of resistance, the housefly emergence rate decreased the emergence rate from 91.33% for the susceptible strain, F_ (26) dropped to 44.67% and the rate of decline of 51.10%. shows that the growth of housefly resistance is on the cost of reduced emergence rate, an important aspect of the suitability of this is resistance.
In addition, in the cultivation of the twenty-sixth generation of resistance of housefly Musca domestica cultured for 7 generations, and observed each generation of housefly resistance in hybrid condition of recession. The results showed that male hybrid housefly with female resistant strains of sensitive strains after resistance decay most rapidly, after 7 generations the resistance ratio down to 2.2989, decay rate reached 98.50%, close to the sensitive level; hybrid resistance and sensitive male female housefly Musca domestica after attenuation fast decay rate reached 91.85%; recession in natural conditions, the resistance slowerdecay the decay rate has reached 83.66%.. The results show that the monoclonal antibodylaboratory strains cultivated in the choice of pressure free of pesticides, resistance rapid decline, so in the process of house fly control in order to prevent the generation of resistance to disable the same insecticides or replaced by other pesticides in favor decay resistance, increase the control effect. The housefly

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R184

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 胡興強;家蠅抗藥性機理研究綜述[J];安徽預防醫(yī)學雜志;2003年05期

2 胡興強,吳明生,李榮民,夏立照;家蠅無選擇壓力抗藥性衰退觀察[J];疾病控制雜志;2002年02期

3 曹曉梅,宋鋒林,趙彤言,董言德,孫晨熹;Kdr等位基因頻率與家蠅對溴氰菊酯抗性的關系[J];寄生蟲與醫(yī)學昆蟲學報;2004年04期

4 袁家s，

本文編號：1431977