【摘要】：牙齒移動(dòng)路徑規(guī)劃是虛擬牙齒正畸系統(tǒng)開發(fā)過程中的一個(gè)重要步驟,能夠利用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助數(shù)據(jù)可視化技術(shù)在臨床上模擬醫(yī)生所提供的矯治方案。根據(jù)醫(yī)生矯治方案及臨床需求,依據(jù)牙齒移動(dòng)路徑規(guī)劃方法,通過虛擬牙齒正畸系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)出患者每個(gè)階段的隱形矯治器,記錄每顆牙齒每個(gè)步驟的位置,確定其移動(dòng)旋轉(zhuǎn)量,最后由醫(yī)生判斷矯治方案每個(gè)步驟的合理性,確定最終矯治方案,由虛擬牙齒正畸系統(tǒng)輸出的數(shù)據(jù)制定患者隱形矯治器。然而目前虛擬牙齒正畸系統(tǒng)大多是國(guó)外引進(jìn)的,價(jià)格較為昂貴,國(guó)內(nèi)隱形矯治技術(shù)的相關(guān)研究還主要集中于可行性分析或者臨床使用效果介紹,而有關(guān)牙齒正畸開發(fā)及研究相關(guān)工作的介紹很少。因此,對(duì)牙齒移動(dòng)的路徑規(guī)劃方法設(shè)計(jì)及其可視化開發(fā)的研究具有重要的理論意義與實(shí)用價(jià)值。為實(shí)現(xiàn)滿足正畸醫(yī)生臨床需求開發(fā)虛擬牙齒矯正系統(tǒng)的目的,本文從醫(yī)學(xué)CT圖像出發(fā),以牙齒移動(dòng)的路徑規(guī)劃方法設(shè)計(jì)及其可視化開發(fā)為研究重點(diǎn),在綜合考慮了“隱形矯治器”在臨床使用上的需求、牙齒臨床矯治位置確定、牙齒臨床矯治控制可行性等基礎(chǔ)上,基于C++語言與OpenGL操作平臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫完成了牙齒移動(dòng)的路徑規(guī)劃方法設(shè)計(jì)及其可視化開發(fā)。本文的主要工作如下：首先使用Mimics15.0對(duì)牙列CT數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行三維重建及分割牙齒工作,利用閾值分割法及手動(dòng)分割法獲取每顆牙齒的STL文件,對(duì)OpenGL初始窗口建立進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)置,完成牙齒STL文件數(shù)據(jù)顯示功能并實(shí)現(xiàn)牙齒平移旋轉(zhuǎn)操作。利用OBB包圍盒方法對(duì)本文的牙齒移動(dòng)過程進(jìn)行碰撞檢測(cè),確定了OBB包圍盒的中心位置坐標(biāo)、包圍盒三軸方向以及包圍盒三邊邊長(zhǎng)三個(gè)構(gòu)成OBB包圍盒的重要變量。利用分離軸理論確定了牙齒的碰撞檢測(cè)方法并利用C++語言及OpenGL操作平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)了OBB包圍盒的顯示及兩顆牙齒的碰撞檢測(cè)功能。建立下牙頜所有牙齒的坐標(biāo)系,分別對(duì)切牙、尖牙、磨牙提取數(shù)量不同的特征點(diǎn)。采用β函數(shù)以及已獲取的相關(guān)牙齒的特征點(diǎn)來擬合牙弓曲線,得到β函數(shù)擬合理想牙弓曲線的顯示結(jié)果。分別確定每顆牙齒從初始位置到理想位置的移動(dòng)量和旋轉(zhuǎn)量,從而確定患者牙齒的最終矯治理想位置。設(shè)計(jì)了牙齒矯治路徑規(guī)劃的整體思路流程,提出了單顆牙齒的排牙方法及牙齒矯治過程中的碰撞檢測(cè)方法。對(duì)牙齒矯治過程發(fā)生碰撞的檢測(cè)結(jié)果提出了碰撞處理方法,確定了牙齒矯治路徑規(guī)劃的終止條件。最終利用OpenGL操作平臺(tái)得到牙齒矯治路徑規(guī)劃方法的可視化結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Tooth movement path planning is an important step in the development of virtual tooth orthodontic system. According to the doctor's treatment plan and clinical requirement, according to the method of tooth movement path planning, the invisible appliance of each stage of patients was designed through virtual tooth orthodontic system, and the position of each step of each tooth was recorded, and the amount of movement and rotation was determined. Finally, the rationality of each step of the correction scheme is judged by the doctor, and the final correction scheme is determined, and the patient's invisible appliance is established by the data output from the virtual dental orthodontic system. However, most of the virtual tooth orthodontic systems are imported from abroad, and the price is relatively expensive. The related research of domestic invisible orthodontic technology is mainly focused on feasibility analysis or clinical application effect introduction. However, the development and research of dental orthodontics are seldom introduced. Therefore, the research on path planning and visual development of tooth movement has important theoretical significance and practical value. In order to meet the clinical needs of orthodontists and develop a virtual dental correction system, this paper focuses on the design and visualization of the path planning method of tooth movement based on medical CT images. On the basis of synthetically considering the need of clinical application of "invisible appliance", the determination of clinical orthodontic position of teeth, and the feasibility of clinical orthodontic control of teeth, etc. Based on C language and OpenGL database, the path planning method and visual development of tooth movement are completed. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the Mimics15.0 is used to reconstruct and segment the dentition CT data, and the threshold segmentation method and manual segmentation method are used to obtain the STL files of each tooth, and the initial OpenGL window is set up. Complete tooth STL file data display function and achieve tooth translation rotation operation. The OBB bounding box method is used to detect the tooth movement in this paper. The central position coordinates of the OBB bounding box, the three axis directions of the bounding box and the length of the three sides of the bounding box are determined to be the important variables of the OBB bounding box. The method of tooth collision detection is determined by using the separation axis theory, and the display of OBB bounding box and the collision detection function of two teeth are realized by C language and OpenGL operating platform. The coordinates of all teeth in the lower teeth were established, and the number of characteristic points of incisors, canines and molars were extracted respectively. The curve of dental arch was fitted by 尾 function and the characteristic points of relevant teeth, and the display results of fitting ideal curve of dental arch with 尾 function were obtained. The movement and rotation of each tooth from the initial position to the ideal position were determined, respectively, so as to determine the ideal position for the final correction of the patient's teeth. The overall thinking flow of the path planning of tooth correction is designed, and the method of tooth arrangement and collision detection in the process of tooth correction is put forward. A collision processing method is proposed to detect the collision in the process of tooth correction, and the termination conditions for the path planning of tooth correction are determined. Finally, the visual results of dental correction path planning are obtained by using OpenGL operating platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R783.5

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