【摘要】：研究背景隨著審美要求的提高，越來越多患者為獲得自然迷人的微笑而尋求診治。正畸醫(yī)生不僅要關(guān)注牙齒的排列和咬合關(guān)系，也要關(guān)注唇齒的紅白關(guān)系，不僅要關(guān)注靜止的側(cè)貌外形，也要關(guān)注動態(tài)時的整體美觀性，為患者創(chuàng)造迷人的微笑。微笑時牙齦顯露量對微笑的美觀性有較大影響，露齦笑也成為近年來研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。對于不同病因的露齦笑有針對性的治療方法，能夠達(dá)到初始制定的治療目的。然而對于微笑是否美觀國內(nèi)外并沒有統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因為審美是帶有主觀性的，受多種因素影響，但它也遵行一定的規(guī)律。已經(jīng)證實，正畸醫(yī)生和普通人群對微笑線的看法存在差異，治療時要聽取患者的意見；人們對男性露齦笑和女性露齦笑的審美是不同的，治療時要考慮患者的性別；同時，不同民族不同地區(qū)的人也對露齦笑也存在不同看法。另外，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著年齡的增長，微笑時牙齦顯露量逐漸減少，因此微笑時有少許露齦被認(rèn)為是年輕的表現(xiàn)。但國內(nèi)外未有關(guān)于對不同年齡微笑線美觀評價的相關(guān)研究。同時，臨床上正畸病例可分為青少年病例和成人病例，對于兩者露齦笑的治療是要達(dá)到一樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還是要考慮患者年齡而區(qū)別對待值得深究。為此，本研究擬對普通人群對不同年齡女性微笑線的美觀評價是否有差異作一初探，以期為臨床治療露齦笑提供參考。 目的制作微笑線的直觀類比標(biāo)度評分問卷，對普通人群進(jìn)行調(diào)查，評價微笑線對不同年齡女性微笑美觀的影響。 方法選取面容美觀端正，微笑協(xié)調(diào)年輕女性一名，拍攝正面姿勢位微笑像，通過軟件截取面下三分一圖片，對圖片進(jìn)行適當(dāng)修整和處理。經(jīng)過兩位正畸醫(yī)師、三名修復(fù)科醫(yī)師和兩名口內(nèi)醫(yī)師和一名牙周科醫(yī)生的一致認(rèn)定，難以通過目測辨別該圖片女性的年齡�？梢哉J(rèn)為該圖片女性具體年齡不可分辨。另外拍攝該模特的全口牙列像，采用軟件調(diào)整全口牙列在微笑嘴唇框架內(nèi)的上下位置，制作成11張不同微笑線高度的圖片，結(jié)合視覺模擬評分法制作成三組調(diào)查問卷，分別設(shè)為15歲女性圖片組（15歲組）、25歲女性圖片組（25歲組）和35歲女性圖片組（35歲組），對普通人群進(jìn)行微笑線的美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)調(diào)查。運(yùn)用SPSS13.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析，P 0.05時認(rèn)為具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)果1．線性分析顯示評價者的年齡和評分之間沒有關(guān)聯(lián)性。2．普通人群中男性和女性評價者的評分差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）。3．在沒有牙齦顯露的微笑中，除了微笑線-4mm的評分外，其它各項微笑線的評分三組間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。而在牙齦顯露的微笑中，各項微笑線評分三組間差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義，兩兩比較可知15歲組各項微笑評分均比35歲的高（P 0.05），而在微笑線1mm和微笑線2mm的評分上15歲組和25歲組間的差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。4．在所有牙齦顯露的微笑（SL=1~5mm）和定義為露齦笑（SL=3~5mm）的微笑中15歲女性組獲得的評分分別要比25歲女性組和35歲女性組獲得的評分要高（P0.05）；而25歲女性組和35歲女性組相比，在定義為牙齦顯露的微笑上的差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義，而在定義為露齦笑上前者獲得的評分更高（P 0.05）。5．15歲女性組中，得分最高的微笑為微笑線0mm的微笑，被認(rèn)為具有美觀性的微笑為微笑線-3~2mm的微笑；25歲女性組中，得分最高的微笑為微笑線0mm的微笑，被認(rèn)為具有美觀性的微笑為微笑線-3~1mm的微笑，35歲女性組中，得分最高的微笑為微笑線-1mm的微笑，被認(rèn)為具有美觀性的微笑為微笑線-4~1mm的微笑。 結(jié)論1.普通人群中年齡因素對微笑線美觀評價沒有影響。2.普通人群中男女評價者對微笑線美觀性評價沒有差異。3.普通人群對較為年輕的女性的露齦笑和微笑時顯露出牙齦具有更高的容忍度。4.普通人群認(rèn)為15歲組和25歲組微笑時顯露全部上中切牙牙冠而沒有牙齦暴露時最美觀，而認(rèn)為35歲組上唇覆蓋中切牙1mm時最美觀，認(rèn)為三組中具有美觀性的微笑分別是15歲組為微笑線-3~2mm的微笑，，25歲組為微笑線-3~1mm的微笑，35歲組為微笑線-4~1mm的微笑。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of the aesthetic requirements, more and more patients seek diagnosis and treatment in order to obtain a natural and charming smile. Orthodontic doctors should not only pay attention to the arrangement and bite relationship of teeth, but also pay attention to the red-white relationship of the lip teeth, not only to focus on the static side appearance, but also to focus on the overall beauty of the dynamic time, so as to create a charming smile for the patient. Gingival exposure in smile has a great influence on the beauty of smile, which also becomes one of the hot spots in recent years. The present invention can achieve the initial therapeutic aim for different etiologies. However, there is no uniform standard for the beauty of smiling, because it is subjective and influenced by many factors, but it also follows certain rules. It has been confirmed that there is a difference in the views of the orthodontic practitioner and the general population on the smile line, and the patient's opinions are heard during the treatment; the aesthetics of the male and female gingival laughter is different and the gender of the patient is to be taken into account during the treatment; at the same time, Different people in different regions also have different views on the grin. In addition, the study found that as the age grew, the amount of gum exposure gradually decreased at the time of the smile, so a little of the gum was considered a young expression when smiling. However, there are no relevant researches on the aesthetic evaluation of smiling lines of different ages. At the same time, the clinical orthodontic cases can be divided into juvenile cases and adult cases. In order to provide a reference for clinical treatment of gingival laughter, this study intends to make a preliminary study on the difference in the aesthetic evaluation of female smile lines of different age groups. Objective To make a visual analog scale score questionnaire for smiling lines, to investigate the common people and to evaluate the beauty of smiling lines on women with different ages The method selects one of the young women with a beautiful face and a smile, and takes a smiling image of the front posture, Trim and Treatment. It is difficult to identify the picture visually by visually identifying the two Orthodontists, the three prosthetists, and the two physicians in the mouth and a physician in the periodontal family Age of women. This picture is considered to be a specific year for women The invention also discloses a full-mouth tooth column image of the model, adopts software to adjust the up-and-down position of the full-mouth tooth column in the smile lip frame, and is manufactured into 11 pictures with different smile line heights, and the three-group questionnaire is prepared by combining the visual simulation scoring method, and is respectively set to a 15-year-old female picture group (15-year-old), 25-year-old female picture group (25-year-old) and 35-year-old female picture group (35-year-old group), smile line beauty for common people Statistical analysis using SPSS13.0 software, P 0. 05, considered to have statistical significance Meaning. Results 1. Linear analysis shows the age and score of evaluators There was no correlation between men and female evaluators in the general population ((P0.05). 3. In the smile without gum exposure, except for the score of smile line-4mm, the scores of other smile lines were different among the three groups. There was no statistical significance. However, in the smiling face of gum, there was a statistical difference between the three groups of smile line scores. The results showed that each smile score of the 15-year-old group was more than 35 years old. High (P 0.05) while differences between the 15-year-old and 25-year-old were scored on the smile line 1mm and the smile line 2mm There was statistical significance. 4. The score of the 15-year-old female group was higher than that of the 25-year-old female group and the 35-year-old female group, respectively (P <0.05), and the 25-year-old female group and the female group of the age group of 35 years were higher than that of the 25-year-old female group and the 35-year-old female group respectively. Compared with the 35-year-old female group, there was no statistically significant difference in the smile defined as gum exposure, while the former obtained in the former was higher (P 0.05). In the 15-year-old female group, the highest-scoring smile was a smile line of 0mm and was thought to have an aesthetic smile as a smile line-3-2mm smile; in the 25-year-old female group, the highest score smile is smile line 0mm smile, considered to have beautiful smile as smile line-3-1mm smile, in the 35-year-old female group, the highest score smile is smile line-1mm smile, is considered to have beautiful smile as smile line-4~1m m's smile. Conclusion 1. Age factors in common people smile the aesthetic evaluation of a line has no effect. 2. The men and women in the general population have a smile line there is no difference in aesthetic evaluation. 3. Ordinary people show teeth when they smile and smile for younger women Gingiva has a higher stiffness. 4. The average population believes that when a 15-year-old and a 25-year-old group smile, they reveal all the upper incisors without gum exposure and are considered to be the upper lip of the 35-year-old group In the cover, the most beautiful is the smile at 1mm, and the smile with beautiful appearance in three groups is the smile line-3-2mm smile respectively, the 25-year-old group is smile line-3-1mm smile, the 35-year-old group is micro
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R783.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 林正權(quán);張毅;黎志明;藍(lán)天;;露齦笑相關(guān)肌肉的解剖學(xué)研究[J];實用醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2012年09期

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