【摘要】：目的：通過對即刻種植與延期種植患者種植體唇側(cè)骨板骨的改建以及紅色美學(xué)指數(shù)等觀察指標(biāo)的對比,來比較評價即刻種植的近期美學(xué)效果。 方法：2011年1月至2013年6月于深圳市龍崗中心醫(yī)院口腔科就診的患者中選取38例單顆上頜前牙缺失病例,行即刻種植18例共18枚種植體,行延期種植20例共20枚種植體。利用CBCT測量不同時期兩組種植義齒唇側(cè)骨板在不同水平即健康同名鄰牙釉牙骨質(zhì)界(CEJ)根方2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm時的厚度以及唇側(cè)骨板垂直向的變化,并且分別比較之間的差距。運(yùn)用紅色美學(xué)指數(shù)(PES)對種植體修復(fù)后的軟組織情況進(jìn)行評價,并測量患者的主觀滿意度,測量數(shù)據(jù)使用SSPS22.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件分析。 結(jié)果：分析納入研究的38例患者所拍攝的CBCT圖像,術(shù)后3、6、12個月兩組種植義齒唇側(cè)骨板在同名鄰牙CEJ線根方測量點(diǎn)2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm處的厚度改變差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；術(shù)后3、6個月,兩組種植義齒唇側(cè)骨板垂直向高度改變差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。在種植體行永久修復(fù)3個月、6個月時即刻種植組PES值均高于延期種植組,永久修復(fù)3個月時有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(PO.05),患者的主觀滿意度即刻種植組明顯高于延期種植組。 結(jié)論：(1)即刻種植并不能阻止拔牙創(chuàng)牙槽嵴的吸收,但較延期種植而言,不論是水平向還是垂直向吸收速度都要延緩。 (2)上頜前牙在行即刻種植時使用人工骨材料來維持硬組織的形態(tài)是有必要的,有利于上頜前牙位點(diǎn)種植體唇側(cè)骨板水平向增量,降低軟組織退縮的風(fēng)險。 (3)上頜前牙即刻種植的近期臨床軟組織美學(xué)效果較延期種植滿意,遠(yuǎn)期效果有待觀察。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare and evaluate the short-term aesthetic effect of immediate implant by comparing the changes of labial bone plate and the red aesthetic index between immediate and delayed implants. Methods: from January 2011 to June 2013, 38 patients with missing maxillary anterior teeth were selected from Department of Stomatology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen City. 18 implants were implanted immediately in 18 cases and 20 implants were delayed in 20 cases. CBCT was used to measure the thickness and vertical change of labial bone plate of two groups of implants at different levels, that is, 2 mm / 4 mm ~ 6 mm ~ 8 mm ~ 10 mm of (CEJ) root side in different level, and the difference between them was also compared. The red aesthetic index (PES) was used to evaluate the soft tissue after implant restoration, and the subjective satisfaction of the patients was measured. The data were analyzed by SSPS22.0 software. Results: the CBCT images taken by 38 patients in the study were analyzed. There were significant differences in the thickness of the labial bone plate of implant denture between the two groups at the measurement point of 2mm ~ 4mm ~ 6mm ~ (6mm) and 8mm ~ 10mm at the root square of CEJ line adjacent to the same name (P0.05), 3mm, 6 months after operation, 3months after operation, 6 months after operation, and 6 months after operation. There was significant difference between the two groups in the vertical height change of labial plate of implant denture (P0.05). The PES value of the immediate implant group was higher than that of the delayed implant group at 6 months after permanent restoration for 3 months, and there was a statistical difference (PO.05) at 3 months after permanent restoration. The subjective satisfaction of the immediate implant group was significantly higher than that of the delayed implant group. Conclusion: (1) immediate implantation can not prevent alveolar ridge resorption, but it is more effective than delayed implantation. Both horizontal and vertical absorption rates are delayed. (2) it is necessary to use artificial bone materials to maintain the morphology of hard tissue when the maxillary anterior teeth are in immediate implantation. It is beneficial to the horizontal increment of labial bone plate of maxillary anterior tooth implant and reduce the risk of soft tissue retreat. (3) the short-term aesthetic effect of immediate implant of maxillary anterior tooth is better than that of delayed implant. The long-term effect remains to be observed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遵義醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R783.6

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