【摘要】：目的： 隨著正畸醫(yī)療技術(shù)的日新月異及人們對正畸需求的不斷增長,口頜系統(tǒng)的健康及美觀越來越受到關(guān)注,目前多數(shù)人將正畸治療作為提高顏面美的一個重要途徑。但容貌的審美具有很大的主觀性,受地區(qū)、性別、年齡、文化、性格、社會背景等多種因素的影響,因此了解患者的審美需求是制定正確矯治方案的前提。本研究通過調(diào)查不同類型的正畸患者對顏面美的感知差異及患者在正畸治療前后對顏面美的感知變化,并分析影響患者審美感知的因素,為正畸醫(yī)師診斷設(shè)計提供美學(xué)參考依據(jù)。 方法： 第一部分：選取45例(安氏Ⅰ類、Ⅱ類、Ⅲ類各15例)矯治前患者的圖像(正面像、正面微笑像、側(cè)面像、正面咬合像)制作調(diào)查問卷,隨機選取2012年于山東大學(xué)口腔醫(yī)院接受正畸治療的213例患者在治療前對問卷中病例的顏面美進(jìn)行評價,并調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。 第二部分：選取30例矯治結(jié)束的患者(安氏Ⅰ類、Ⅱ類、Ⅲ類各10例)初診及結(jié)束圖像(正面像、正面微笑像、側(cè)面像、正面咬合像)制作調(diào)查問卷。隨機選擇100例于山東大學(xué)口腔醫(yī)院接受正畸治療的患者作為評價者,在其正畸治療前(對照組)及治療一年半后(治療組)均對問卷中病例顏面美的變化進(jìn)行調(diào)查,并統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果： 第一部分調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示：①正畸患者對安氏Ⅲ類病例顏面美的評價最低,其次是安氏Ⅱ1類病例,對Ⅱ2類、Ⅰ類病例的美學(xué)評價最高。②性別、年齡、文化程度會影響患者對顏面美的感知度,而婚姻狀況對患者顏面美的感知影響不明顯。其中,中青年、女性、文化程度較高的患者對顏面美的感知度較高,少年、男性、文化程度較低的患者對顏面美的感知度相對較低。 第二部分調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示：①安氏Ⅰ類、安氏Ⅱ1類及安氏Ⅱ2類患者矯治后顏面美觀度提高,而安氏Ⅲ類患者矯治后顏面美無顯著提高。②隨著正畸治療的進(jìn)行,患者對顏面美的感知度顯著提高。其中文化程度較高的中年女性對顏面美的感知度提高最為顯著,而高中以下的少年男性對顏面美的感知度提高不明顯。拔牙及不拔牙患者對顏面美的感知度均提高,但提高的程度無顯著差異。 結(jié)論： 1.中青年、女性、本科及以上文化程度的患者對顏面美的感知度較高,因此他們的期望值及對矯治的要求較高,這就提示我們正畸醫(yī)生對上述群體應(yīng)加以關(guān)注,矯治前應(yīng)充分了解患者的審美需求及對美的認(rèn)識程度,以便制定出較為理想且合理的個性化的矯治方案。 2.患者對顏面美的感知度會隨著正畸治療的進(jìn)行而提高,提高的程度因性別、年齡、文化程度的不同而不同,正畸治療中要注重患者的審美心理及行為變化,注意加強同患者的溝通,適時調(diào)整矯治方案,以提高患者的滿意度。 3.正畸患者對安氏Ⅲ類病例的顏面美的評價最低,其次是安氏Ⅱ1類病例,對Ⅱ2類、Ⅰ類病例的美學(xué)評價最高。對于安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ類采用單純正畸治療的病例,調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示患者認(rèn)為安氏Ⅰ類、安氏Ⅱ1類及Ⅱ2類病例矯治后顏面美觀顯著提高,而安氏Ⅲ類病例矯治后顏面美無顯著提高。提示對于骨性Ⅲ類患者需慎重權(quán)衡手術(shù)及非手術(shù)的利弊,避免因正畸治療無法改善側(cè)貌而引起醫(yī)療糾紛。
[Abstract]:Objective:
With the rapid development of orthodontic medical technology and the increasing demand for orthodontics, the health and beauty of the oral and maxillary system have been paid more and more attention. Most people present orthodontic treatment as an important way to improve facial beauty. However, the aesthetic beauty of the appearance has great subjectivity, subject to regional, gender, age, culture, character, and social background. Therefore, to understand the aesthetic needs of the patients is the premise of formulating the correct treatment scheme. This study investigates the differences in the perception of facial beauty of different types of orthodontic patients and the changes of the patients' perception of facial beauty before and after orthodontic treatment, and analyzes the factors affecting the aesthetic perception of the patients for the diagnosis and design of orthodontics. Provide aesthetic reference.
Method:
The first part: select 45 cases (positive image, front smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image) of 45 cases (positive image, front smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image) before treatment, and select 213 cases who received orthodontic treatment at the oral hospital of Shandong University in 2012. The results were analyzed statistically.
The second part: to select 30 cases (10 cases of class I, class I, class III), and to make a questionnaire for first diagnosis and end image (frontal image, frontal smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image). 100 cases of orthodontic treatment at Shandong University stomatological hospital were selected as evaluators, before orthodontic treatment (control group) and After one and a half years of treatment, the changes of facial beauty in the questionnaire were investigated and statistically analyzed.
Result:
The first part of the survey showed that: (1) orthodontic patients have the lowest evaluation of facial beauty in class III cases, followed by class II 1 cases, and the aesthetic evaluation of class I 2, type I cases is the highest. 2. Gender, age, and educational level will affect the patient's perception of facial beauty, and marriage status has no obvious influence on facial beauty. Young, young, female, and highly educated patients have a higher perception of facial beauty. Young, male, and less educated patients have a relatively low perception of facial beauty.
The results of the second part of the survey showed that the facial beauty was improved after orthodontic treatment, and the facial beauty was improved after orthodontic treatment. (2) with orthodontic treatment, the patients' perception of facial beauty was significantly improved. The perception degree of the young men below the high school was not significantly improved. The perception of facial beauty was improved by the extraction and non extraction patients, but there was no significant difference in the degree of improvement.
Conclusion:
1. young, young, female, undergraduate and above educated patients have a higher awareness of facial beauty, so their expectations and requirements for correction are higher. This suggests that the orthodontic doctors should pay attention to the above groups. Before the treatment, we should fully understand the aesthetic needs of the patients and the degree of understanding of the United States, so as to make a more ideal and more ideal. A reasonable and individualized correction scheme.
2. patients' perception of facial beauty will be improved with orthodontic treatment. The degree of improvement is different because of gender, age and educational level. In orthodontic treatment, we should pay attention to the patient's aesthetic psychology and behavior changes, pay attention to the communication with the patients and adjust the treatment plan in time in order to improve the patient's satisfaction.
3. orthodontic patients have the lowest evaluation of facial beauty in class III cases, followed by class II 1 cases, and the aesthetic evaluation of class I and 2 cases is the highest. There is no significant improvement in facial beauty after orthodontic treatment of class III cases. It is suggested that the advantages and disadvantages of the operation and non operation should be weighed carefully to avoid the medical disputes caused by orthodontic treatment which can not improve the side appearance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R783.5

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