【摘要】：口腔健康是全身健康的重要組成部分，口腔健康行為是決定口腔健康的重要因素，注重口腔的清潔衛(wèi)生，培養(yǎng)良好的口腔健康行為有利于終生保持口腔健康。兒童和青少年時(shí)期是口腔疾病的高發(fā)期，大學(xué)新生作為青少年人群中的主體，盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的不良口腔健康行為和口腔疾病的影響因素，并及時(shí)實(shí)施相關(guān)干預(yù)，對(duì)預(yù)防口腔疾病、改善該人群的口腔健康狀況有重要意義。 研究目的： 通過對(duì)大慶地區(qū)大學(xué)新生的口腔健康行為、口腔健康知識(shí)和保健意識(shí)以及口腔常見病的調(diào)查，掌握該人群的口腔健康狀況，分析齲病的影響因素，為更好的開展大學(xué)生口腔健康教育和健康促進(jìn)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 研究方法： 采用方便抽樣的方法，，抽取大慶地區(qū)大學(xué)新生400人作為調(diào)查對(duì)象。編制《大學(xué)新生口腔健康行為及相關(guān)知識(shí)調(diào)查問卷》，采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)自填的方式對(duì)研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查。編制《大學(xué)生口腔健康狀況評(píng)價(jià)表》，對(duì)研究對(duì)象的口腔健康狀況進(jìn)行檢查評(píng)價(jià)。數(shù)據(jù)采用Epidata3.1錄入，結(jié)果采用SPSS20.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 研究結(jié)果： 大學(xué)新生獲取口腔健康知識(shí)的途徑最多的是通過家人的告知（24.3%），最少的是通過學(xué)校的教育宣傳（3.0%）。50.0%以上的學(xué)生知道齲病的病因、治療方法和牙石的清潔方法，但是僅有10.5%的學(xué)生知道牙齦出血的原因。53.5%的學(xué)生表示對(duì)口腔保健知識(shí)非常感興趣，68.0%的學(xué)生有積極的就醫(yī)態(tài)度，但是僅有12.5%的學(xué)生定期進(jìn)行口腔檢查，沒有定期檢查的原因最主要的是認(rèn)為沒有必要。大多數(shù)學(xué)生會(huì)選擇到口腔�？漆t(yī)院就醫(yī)（58.5%），學(xué)校醫(yī)務(wù)室選擇的最少（1.3%）。 70.0%的學(xué)生每天刷牙二次或以上，30.5%的學(xué)生每次刷牙三分鐘或以上，74.3%的學(xué)生使用橫豎交替法刷牙，13.8%的學(xué)生使用含氟牙膏，74.0%的學(xué)生使用軟毛牙刷，85.0%的學(xué)生在三個(gè)月或以內(nèi)更換牙刷。44.5%的學(xué)生有餐后漱口習(xí)慣，10.3%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常使用牙線，14.8%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常使用牙簽，13.8%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常使用漱口水。20.0%的學(xué)生吸煙，62.8%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常吃零食，41.8%的學(xué)生有睡前進(jìn)食的習(xí)慣，51.5%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常使用單側(cè)咀嚼，25.8%的學(xué)生經(jīng)常用牙齒咬硬物。 結(jié)果顯示，齲病患病率為46.5%，齲均為1.21。牙齦出血檢出率為61.5%，菌斑檢出率為80.3%，軟垢檢出率為61.0%，牙石檢出率為44.5%。顳下頜關(guān)節(jié)紊亂檢出率為32.0%，智齒阻生檢出率為33.5%；錯(cuò)頜畸形檢出率為38.0%。通過單因素分析和多因素Logistic回歸分析，性別、刷牙次數(shù)、吃零食、睡前進(jìn)食、菌斑、軟垢六個(gè)因素對(duì)齲病患病率有影響。 研究結(jié)論： 大慶地區(qū)大學(xué)新生的口腔健康知識(shí)仍不全面，口腔預(yù)防保健意識(shí)比較薄弱，口腔健康行為欠佳。大慶地區(qū)大學(xué)新生的口腔健康狀況不容樂觀，口腔問題檢出率較高。性別、刷牙次數(shù)、經(jīng)常吃零食、睡前進(jìn)食、菌斑、軟垢是齲病的影響因素。
[Abstract]:Oral health is an important part of whole body health. Oral health behavior is an important factor to determine oral health. Childhood and adolescence are the high incidence of oral diseases. College freshmen, as the main body of adolescents, find out their bad oral health behavior and the influencing factors of oral diseases as soon as possible, and carry out relevant intervention in time. It is of great significance to prevent oral diseases and improve oral health of this population. Objective: to investigate the oral health behavior, oral health knowledge and health awareness of freshmen in Daqing University, and to understand the oral health status and analyze the influencing factors of dental caries. To better carry out oral health education and health promotion for college students to provide scientific basis. Methods: 400 freshmen in Daqing University were selected by convenient sampling method. The questionnaire of oral health behavior and related knowledge of freshmen was compiled and investigated by self-filling. To make the evaluation table of oral health status of college students, and to check and evaluate the oral health status of the subjects. The data were recorded by Epidata 3.1 and the results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0. The results showed that the most important way for freshmen to acquire oral health knowledge was through their family members (24.3%), and the least through school education (3.0%) .50.0% students knew the cause of caries, the method of treatment and the method of cleaning dental stone. However, only 10.5% of the students knew the cause of gingival bleeding. 53.5% of the students said they were very interested in oral health care knowledge. 68.0% of the students had a positive attitude to seeking medical treatment, but only 12.5% of the students had regular oral examinations. The main reason for not checking regularly is that it is not necessary. Most students choose to go to oral hospital (58.5%), and the school infirmary choose the least (1.3%). 70.0% students brush their teeth twice a day or more. 30.5% students brush their teeth for three minutes or more each time. 74.3% of the students use alternately brushing teeth for three minutes or more. 74.0% of students use toothbrushes containing fluoride. 85.0% of students use toothbrushes with soft hair. 85.0% of students change toothbrushes within 3 months or less. 44.5% have after-meal mouthwash habits. 10.3% students often use floss and 14.8% students often use toothpicks 13.8%. Students often use mouthwash .20.0% students smoke 62.8% students often eat snacks 41.8% students have the habit of eating before bedtime 51.5% students often use unilateral chewing and 25.8% students often use teeth to bite hard objects. The results showed that the prevalence of caries was 46.5 and the average caries was 1.21. The detectable rate of gingival hemorrhage was 61.5%, the detection rate of plaque was 80.3%, the detection rate of soft dirt was 61.0%, the detection rate of dental stone was 44.55.The detection rate of gingival hemorrhage was 61.5%. The detection rate of temporomandibular joint disorder was 32.0%, that of wisdom tooth impaction was 33.5%, that of malocclusion was 38.0%. By univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex, times of brushing teeth, snacking, eating food before bedtime, plaque and soft dirt had influence on the prevalence of caries. Conclusion: the oral health knowledge of freshmen in Daqing University is still not comprehensive, oral preventive health awareness is relatively weak, oral health behavior is poor. The oral health status of freshmen in Daqing area is not optimistic and the detection rate of oral problems is high. Sex, times of brushing teeth, regular snacks, eating before bed, plaque and soft dirt are the influencing factors of caries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R780.1

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