本文選題：下頜恒切牙 + 先天性缺失　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景 當(dāng)前社會人類牙齒的先天性缺失呈上升趨勢，牙齒的先天性缺失給人們帶來了美觀、功能甚至是心理方面的問題。隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、生活壓力增大以及人們對生活質(zhì)量要求的提高，先天性缺牙所帶來的諸多問題也越顯突出。下頜切牙在我國人群中有著較高的缺失率，且因發(fā)生位置的特殊性對患者的影響較大。本文從正畸學(xué)方面對下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者進行牙頜面形態(tài)和矯治方法的研究，旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)和總結(jié)該類患者的特點 目的 實驗一是通過研究下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者的牙合特征、頜面形態(tài)特征，探討下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙對牙頜面生長發(fā)育的影響。實驗二是通過比較下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者拔牙矯治前后的牙頜面形態(tài)，探討該類患者的矯治方法。 方法 實驗一：選擇27例下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙的患者，通過臨床檢查、X線頭影測量和模型分析的方法，將下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙的患者的顱頜特征、牙牙合特點與正常人群進行比較，并采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理。 實驗二：選擇12例下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙的患者，采用上頜拔除雙側(cè)第一前磨牙與下頜不拔牙的矯治方法進行治療，通過X線頭影測量分析的方法，，將拔牙矯治前后的牙頜面特征進行比較，并采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理。 結(jié)果 實驗一：27例下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者中男性有9例，占33.3%，女性有18例，占66.7%，男女比為1:2；其中側(cè)切牙缺失17例，占63.0%，中切牙缺失10例，占37.0%；矢狀面型構(gòu)成比：Ⅰ類51.9%、Ⅱ類44.4%、Ⅲ類3.7%，垂直面型構(gòu)成比：高角型18.5%、均角型51.9%、低角型29.6%；牙合型構(gòu)成比：Ⅰ類51.9%、Ⅱ類33.3%、Ⅲ類14.8%，錯牙合類型發(fā)生率：深覆牙合74.1%、深覆蓋88.9%、散在間隙14.8%、牙列擁擠63.0%；Bolton指數(shù)情況是：前牙比為65.4%，全牙比為85.0%，前牙比和全牙比均小于正常值。頭影測量方面男女兩組各測量值間均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p＞0.05)，與正常值比較，骨性指標(biāo)中Y軸角變大，有顯著性統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.01)，SNB變小、ANB變大，有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05)；牙性指標(biāo)中L1-NB(mm)有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05)；軟組織指標(biāo)中LLP(mm)有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05)。 實驗二：12例下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者矯治效果良好；頭影測量指標(biāo)中，于治療前相比骨性指標(biāo)中Y軸角變大，有顯著性統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.01)；牙性指標(biāo)中U1-SN變小、U1-NA(mm)距變小、U1-L1變大，有顯著性統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.01)；軟組織指標(biāo)中ULP(mm)距變小，有顯著性統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.01)。 結(jié)論 下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者女性比男性多發(fā)，側(cè)切牙缺失率高于中切牙；矢狀面型以Ⅰ類面型為主，Ⅱ類面型比例增多，垂直面型主要表現(xiàn)為均角面型；牙合型主要表現(xiàn)為Ⅰ類，下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者主要變現(xiàn)為深覆蓋、深覆牙合、牙列擁擠的錯牙合類型，而牙列中散在間隙的情況較少；下頜先天性缺失一顆恒切牙患者的頜面部生長發(fā)育男女之間無差異，與正常人群之間有差異，主要表現(xiàn)為下頜前牙區(qū)牙槽骨發(fā)育不足，下頜向下后旋轉(zhuǎn)，下頜切牙唇突度不足，下唇突度不足。減數(shù)拔牙矯治可以改善患者的牙合關(guān)系和面型。
[Abstract]:background
The current social human tooth congenital missing teeth is rising, congenital absence brings beauty to people, even psychological problems. With the development of economy, the life pressure and the improvement of people's living standard, many problems of congenital missing teeth with the mandibular incisors is more remarkable. There is a high loss rate in the Chinese population, and because of the special position of great influence on patients. Study the dentofacial morphology and treatment methods of mandibular incisor congenital absence of a patient to learn from this paper aims to discover and summarize the orthodontic, characteristics of the patients
objective
The first experiment is through the study of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with occlusal features, facial morphology characteristics, to explore the effect of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor on the growth and development of dentofacial. Experiment two by comparing the mandibular congenital absence of a constant dentofacial morphology before and after incisor extraction treatment patients, study treatment method of this kind of patients.
Method
Experiment one: 27 cases of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor of patients by clinical examination, method of cephalometric analysis and model, the craniomaxillary characteristics of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with the occlusal characteristics and normal people were compared and analyzed by using SPSS17.0 statistical software on the data.
Experiment two: 12 cases of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with the treatment methods of maxillary first premolar and mandibular bilateral extraction of the non extraction treatment, by means of cephalometric analysis, the characteristics of maxillofacial extraction treatment was compared, and the use of SPSS17.0 statistical software for statistical processing of data.
Result
瀹為獙涓

本文編號：1743521