本文選題：口腔癌　切入點(diǎn)：構(gòu)成比　出處：《福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：口腔癌(oral cancer)是指發(fā)生于口腔及其鄰近解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的惡性腫瘤，在WHO最新版的國(guó)際疾病分類系統(tǒng)中，口腔癌與發(fā)生于咽部的癌癥歸為一類，稱為口腔、咽癌或簡(jiǎn)稱口腔癌，其發(fā)病部位包括唇、舌根、舌其他部位、牙齦、口底、腭、頜骨等口腔其他部位、腮腺、其他大唾液腺、扁桃體、口咽、鼻咽、梨狀竇、下咽、口腔、咽其他部位�？谇活M面部惡性腫瘤的發(fā)病機(jī)理近年來被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)多因素、多致病條件、多原性的。其致病因素目前被廣泛報(bào)道、已被大眾所接受的大致有：煙草、過多的酒精、放射線及口腔內(nèi)粘膜長(zhǎng)期存在的刺激，近年來關(guān)于其遺傳方面及病毒學(xué)感染方面的研究越來越多，其患病年齡呈現(xiàn)出年輕化的趨勢(shì)，并且其發(fā)病構(gòu)成比情況在發(fā)生變化，女性患者逐漸增加�？谇活M面部惡性腫瘤特別是口腔癌及口咽癌，其容易伴發(fā)頸部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移或全身其他器官的轉(zhuǎn)移，目前關(guān)于口腔頜面頭頸部二原發(fā)或多原發(fā)惡性腫瘤的研究逐漸增加，越來越多的臨床醫(yī)生注意到腫瘤二原發(fā)的情況的出現(xiàn)，二原發(fā)腫瘤的治療目前存在一定的難度，為患者及臨床醫(yī)生所面臨的一個(gè)難題。隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步，口腔頜面部惡性腫瘤的診斷準(zhǔn)確率增加，其為治療提供了良好的技術(shù)支持。目前關(guān)于口腔頜面部惡性腫瘤的治療主要是以外科手術(shù)治療為主，輔助以術(shù)后放射治療及術(shù)前或術(shù)后的化學(xué)治療。本文根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)2009-2013年間于福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院診療的口腔癌患患者，，進(jìn)行流行病學(xué)資料的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，結(jié)果顯示,于我科就診的口腔癌患患者的流行病學(xué)情況大致同已報(bào)告文獻(xiàn)資料相符，如，大多數(shù)口腔癌患術(shù)后病理結(jié)果顯示為鱗狀細(xì)胞癌（71.3%），年齡構(gòu)成比中老年患者（年齡≥55,62.22%），性別構(gòu)成比（男62.96%，女37.04%）等。結(jié)合這些臨床資料數(shù)據(jù)，可以提示目前就診我院的口腔癌患的一些構(gòu)成比的變遷，目前新的診治及治療技術(shù)的改進(jìn)等。
[Abstract]:Oral cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the oral cavity and its adjacent anatomical structure. In the latest version of WHO's international classification system of diseases, oral cancer is classified as oral, pharyngeal or oral cancer. Other areas of the mouth, including the lips, the root of the tongue, the tongue, the gum, the floor of the mouth, the palate, the jaw, the parotid gland, the other large salivary glands, the tonsils, the oropharynx, the nasopharynx, the Pyriform sinus, the hypopharynx, the oral cavity, etc. Other parts of the pharynx. The pathogenesis of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors has been considered to be a multi-factor, multi-pathogenic, and multi-pathogenic in recent years. Its pathogenic factors have been widely reported, and have been generally accepted by the public: tobacco, Excessive alcohol, radiation and chronic irritation of the oral mucosa have been studied more and more in recent years in terms of heredity and virological infection, and the age of the disease is showing a trend of rejuvenation. The incidence ratio of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors, especially oral carcinoma and oropharyngeal carcinoma, may be accompanied by cervical lymph node metastasis or metastasis of other organs of the whole body. At present, the research on two or more primary malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial head and neck has gradually increased. More and more clinicians have noticed the appearance of the second primary tumor, and there are some difficulties in the treatment of the second primary tumor. A difficult problem for patients and clinicians. With the development of modern medical technology, the diagnostic accuracy of malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial regions has increased. It provides good technical support for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. According to the statistics of oral cancer patients diagnosed and treated in the first affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from 2009 to 2013, the epidemiological data were analyzed. The epidemiological status of oral cancer patients in our department is roughly consistent with the reported literature, such as, The postoperative pathological results of most patients with oral cancer showed that they were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 71.3%, the age composition was higher than that in the elderly patients (age 鈮

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