發(fā)布時間：2018-03-10 08:12

  本文選題：逆向工程　切入點：義齒模具　出處：《西安工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人們飲食結(jié)構(gòu)和用牙習(xí)慣的改變,牙齒健康問題日益凸顯,因此對牙齒修復(fù)的需求也呈快速上升趨勢。牙齒修復(fù)過程中的義齒制作是至關(guān)重要的。陶瓷以其良好的材質(zhì)性能成為目前最理想的牙齒修復(fù)材料深受牙醫(yī)和患者的推崇。針對目前陶瓷義齒制造過程中陶瓷材料加工性能差、口腔修復(fù)CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)設(shè)備研發(fā)難度大及費用昂貴等問題,本文就陶瓷義齒坯體的制作提出了一種基于3D打印模具的陶瓷義齒等靜壓成型方法。結(jié)合逆向工程技術(shù)、3D打印等技術(shù)實現(xiàn)了義齒模具的制作,采用等靜壓成型技術(shù)實現(xiàn)陶瓷義齒坯體的直接壓制成型,通過對坯體成型過程中的收縮率進行補償后制備出了在形狀尺寸上符合目標(biāo)要求的義齒坯體。首先,對義齒模具進行設(shè)計制作。利用光學(xué)掃描儀對牙齒樣品進行三維掃描測量,將得到的牙齒點云數(shù)據(jù)去噪優(yōu)化、曲面重構(gòu)、造型擬合等處理后得到牙齒表面曲面模型。在Creo Elements/Pro 5.0環(huán)境中逆向構(gòu)建出義齒模具的三維模型,采用3D打印技術(shù)實現(xiàn)義齒模具的制作。其次,對陶瓷義齒坯體等靜壓成型過程進行仿真分析,并采用等靜壓機壓制出陶瓷義齒坯體。使用ABAQUS有限元軟件對陶瓷義齒坯體等靜壓成型過程進行了仿真,得到了義齒坯體在成型過程中的形狀變化云圖,對陶瓷義齒坯體真實的等靜壓成型過程在理論上做出了預(yù)測。通過真實的等靜壓成型實驗制備出了陶瓷義齒坯體,并對成型的義齒坯體在形狀和表面質(zhì)量上進行了分析。最后,計算等靜壓成型過程收縮率,對模具進行補償設(shè)計。針對義齒坯體這種復(fù)雜形面的結(jié)構(gòu),采用特殊點標(biāo)記測量法得到了義齒坯體在等靜壓成型過程中形面上各標(biāo)記點的收縮率。對各標(biāo)記點收縮率進行比較分析后可以近似認為義齒坯體的呈現(xiàn)整體收縮,并計算出了整體收縮率。通過對義齒模具進行收縮率誤差補償后設(shè)計制作出了新的義齒模具,采用誤差補償后的義齒模具制備出的義齒坯體在形狀尺寸上滿足目標(biāo)義齒坯體的要求。嘗試性地探索出了一種基于3D打印模具的陶瓷義齒等靜壓成型方法及具體制備流程。本文探索了一種新型的基于3D打印模具的陶瓷義齒等靜壓成型方法,將新型的3D打印技術(shù)和傳統(tǒng)的等靜壓成型技術(shù)相結(jié)合,具有工藝簡單,成本低,效率高的特點。
[Abstract]:As people's diet and habits change, dental health problems become increasingly prominent. Therefore, the demand for dental restoration is also rising rapidly. The manufacture of denture is very important. Ceramic has become the most ideal dental restoration material for dentists and patients because of its good material properties. In view of the poor processing performance of ceramic materials in the process of manufacturing ceramic dentures, Dental repair CAD/CAM system equipment R & D is difficult and expensive and other problems, In this paper, an isostatic molding method of ceramic denture based on 3D printing mould is proposed, and the manufacture of denture mould is realized by using reverse engineering technology and 3D printing technology. Adopting isostatic pressing technology to realize the direct pressing molding of ceramic denture billet, by compensating the shrinkage rate during the forming process, the shape and size of the denture blank body is prepared. First, the shape and size of the denture blank body meet the requirements of the target. The denture mould is designed and manufactured. The 3D scanning measurement of the tooth sample is carried out by optical scanner. The point cloud data of the tooth are denoised and optimized, and the surface is reconstructed. After modeling fitting, the surface surface model of teeth is obtained. The 3D model of denture mold is constructed in Creo Elements/Pro 5.0 environment, and the 3D printing technology is used to make the denture mold. Secondly, the 3D printing technology is used to make the denture mold. The forming process of ceramic denture blank by isostatic pressing was simulated and the process of equal static pressing was simulated by using ABAQUS finite element software. In this paper, the shape change cloud diagram of denture blank during forming process is obtained, and the true isostatic pressing process of ceramic denture blank is predicted theoretically, and the ceramic denture billet is prepared by real isostatic pressing experiment. The shape and surface quality of the finished denture are analyzed. Finally, the shrinkage rate during isostatic pressing is calculated, and the die compensation is designed. The shrinkage rate of the mark points on the shape surface of the denture billet during isostatic pressing was obtained by using the method of special spot marking. The shrinkage rate of each mark point can be approximately considered as the whole shrinkage of the denture blank after the comparison and analysis of the shrinkage rate of each mark point. By compensating the shrinkage error of the denture die, a new denture mould is designed and made. The blank of denture made by error compensated denture mould meets the requirements of target denture body in shape and size. This paper tries to explore an isostatic molding method of ceramic denture based on 3D printing mould and its concrete. In this paper, a new method of isostatic pressing of ceramic denture based on 3D printing mould is explored. The new 3D printing technology is combined with the traditional isostatic pressing technology, which has the advantages of simple process, low cost and high efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ174.62;R783.1

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