【摘要】：目的 探索早年慢性應(yīng)激對大鼠攻擊行為及前額皮質(zhì)、下丘腦和杏仁體神經(jīng)元及突觸的影響。 方法 1雄性SD大鼠(出生后21天)60只，隨機(jī)分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組、普通攻擊組及對照組，每組15只，其余15只作為入侵鼠。(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)組：對早年大鼠進(jìn)行慢性多種應(yīng)激①社會(huì)孤養(yǎng)②日夜顛倒③去獎(jiǎng)賞性挫敗實(shí)驗(yàn)④激惹刺激實(shí)驗(yàn)⑤居住-入侵實(shí)驗(yàn)；(2)普通攻擊組：僅居住-入侵實(shí)驗(yàn)；(3)對照組：常規(guī)飼養(yǎng)。 2行為學(xué)檢測 2.1攻擊行為檢測(居住-入侵實(shí)驗(yàn)和中性環(huán)境實(shí)驗(yàn)) (1)攻擊總數(shù)：撕咬次數(shù)+攀壓次數(shù)+攻擊性梳理次數(shù)+追逐次數(shù)； (2)攻擊潛伏期：從拿出隔離的鐵絲網(wǎng)到大鼠攻擊入侵鼠的時(shí)間； (3)攻擊持續(xù)時(shí)間：大鼠攻擊入侵鼠的總時(shí)間； (4)攻擊/威脅比：攻擊總數(shù)和威脅(如對入侵鼠進(jìn)行嘶叫、立毛等行為)次數(shù)； (5)攻擊脆弱部位：大鼠對入侵鼠腹部、頭部或喉部等部位的攻擊； (6)對手屈服后繼續(xù)攻擊次數(shù)：當(dāng)入侵鼠停止反抗后，大鼠仍對其攻擊的次數(shù)。 2.2焦慮抑郁情緒檢測(曠場試驗(yàn)) 3生物學(xué)檢測 3.1tunel染色：使用該方法檢測前額皮質(zhì)、下丘腦和杏仁體神經(jīng)元凋亡情況 3.2電鏡：使用電鏡觀察三個(gè)腦區(qū)神經(jīng)元凋亡結(jié)構(gòu)及突觸改變 結(jié)果 1行為學(xué)檢測結(jié)果：經(jīng)過早年慢性應(yīng)激后實(shí)驗(yàn)組青春期攻擊性明顯高于其余兩組。居住-入侵實(shí)驗(yàn)攻擊總數(shù)：實(shí)驗(yàn)組[(90.93±7.51)次]、普通攻擊組[(16.47±4.12)次]及對照組[(5.00±3.09)次]之間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.01)。實(shí)驗(yàn)組攻擊行為出現(xiàn)異常模式，如出現(xiàn)對手屈服后繼續(xù)攻擊和對對手脆弱部位進(jìn)行攻擊，且在中性環(huán)境下攻擊性依然高于其余兩組。實(shí)驗(yàn)組并未表現(xiàn)出明顯焦慮抑郁情緒。 2生物學(xué)檢測結(jié)果：tunel實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)組前額皮質(zhì)神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞凋亡水平高于其余兩組(p0.01)。在電鏡觀察下，發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)組前額皮質(zhì)突觸數(shù)密度及面密度均低于對照組(p0.05)，而其下丘腦和杏仁體神經(jīng)元及突觸未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯異常改變。 結(jié)論 1.早年慢性多種應(yīng)激后青春期大鼠攻擊行為符合暴力行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)； 2.早年慢性多種應(yīng)激后青春期大鼠前額皮質(zhì)神經(jīng)元凋亡和突觸改變； 3.早年慢性多種應(yīng)激后青春期大鼠下丘腦和杏仁體神經(jīng)元和突觸損傷不明顯。 本研究結(jié)果提示早年慢性多種應(yīng)激可能通過損傷前額皮質(zhì)引起下丘腦和杏仁體功能脫抑制，最終導(dǎo)致暴力攻擊行為發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Aim to investigate the effects of early chronic stress on aggressive behavior, prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus and amygdala neurons and synapses in rats. Methods 1Sixty male SD rats (21 days after birth) were randomly divided into three groups: experimental group (n = 15), normal attack group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). The other 15 rats were used as invading rats. (1) Experimental group: chronic multiple stress was carried out in early years of rats: 1 Social solitary feeding 2 night upside-down 3 reward frustration experiment 4 irritating stimulation experiment 5 living-invasion experiment; (2) ordinary attack group: dwelling-invasion experiment only; (3) control group: routine feeding. 2Behavioral detection 2.1 aggressive behavior test (habitation-invasion experiment and neutral environment experiment) (1) the total number of attacks: the number of bites, the times of pressure-climbing, the times of attack-carding, the times of chasing; (2) latent period of attack: from pulling out the isolated barbed wire to the time of the rat attacking the invading rat, (3) the duration of the attack: the total time of the rat attacking the invading rat; (4) attack / threat ratio: the total number of attacks and the number of threats (such as screaming, bristling, etc.) of invading rats; (5) attacking vulnerable parts: the attack of rats on the abdomen, head or throat of invading rats; (6) the number of attacks after the adversary succumbed: the number of attacks the rats still attacked when the invading rats stopped fighting. 2.2 anxiety and depression test (open field test) 3 Biological detection of 3.1tunel staining: use this method to detect prefrontal cortex, Apoptosis of hypothalamic and amygdala neurons 3.2 electron microscopy: observation of neuronal apoptosis structure and synaptic changes in three brain regions by electron microscopy: results of behavioral examination: after chronic stress in early years Adolescent aggression in the test group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. The total number of residential-invasion attacks in the experimental group [(90.93 鹵7.51) times], the common attack group [(16.47 鹵4.12) times] and the control group [(5.00 鹵3.09) times] had statistically significant differences (p 0.01). The attack behavior in the experimental group was abnormal, such as continuous attack after submission and attack on the vulnerable parts of the opponent, and the aggression in neutral environment was still higher than that in the other two groups. The experimental group did not show obvious anxiety and depression. 2Biological detection results: the results of tunel test showed that the apoptosis level of prefrontal cortex neurons in the experimental group was higher than that in the other two groups (p0.01). Under electron microscope, it was found that the number density and area density of synapses in prefrontal cortex of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (p0.05), but no abnormal changes were found in the neurons and synapses of hypothalamus and amygdala in the experimental group. Conclusion 1. In the early years, the aggressive behavior of adolescent rats after chronic multiple stress was in accordance with the standard of violence; 2. Apoptosis and synaptic changes of prefrontal cortex neurons in prefrontal cortex of adolescent rats after chronic multiple stress in early years; 3. The injury of neurons and synapses in hypothalamus and amygdala was not obvious in adolescent rats after chronic multiple stress in early years. The results of this study suggest that chronic multiple stress in early years may cause depressing of hypothalamus and amygdala function through prefrontal cortex injury and ultimately lead to violent aggression.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R749.5

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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