【摘要】：目的探討湘潭市社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老老年人抑郁癥現(xiàn)狀及老年人抑郁癥發(fā)生的影響因素。方法于2015年6~9月采用整群抽樣的方式選擇湘潭市社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老老年人496例,采用問卷調(diào)查方式調(diào)查老年人社會人口學特征、流調(diào)中心抑郁量表(CES-D)得分、社會支持量表得分及日常生活活動能力(ADL)量表得分,采用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型研究老年人抑郁的影響因素。結(jié)果 496例老年人中CES-D得分為(10.13±5.39)分,抑郁發(fā)生率19.56%(97/496),老年人ADL評分為(16.34±7.23)分,自理能力下降發(fā)生率為20.77%(103/496);結(jié)構(gòu)方程結(jié)果顯示:年齡、性別、月收入、文化程度、社會支持及ADL對老年人CES-D得分具有直接影響作用,即年齡越低、男性、文化程度高、年收入高、社會支持高及ADL得分低者抑郁程度越低;社會支持可通過對間接作用于ADL(-0.311)對老年人抑郁具有抑制作用,文化程度通過提升老年人社會支持間接降低老年人抑郁程度;老年人文化程度與月收入存在正相關關系(r=0.334,P0.05)。結(jié)論湘潭市老年人抑郁現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,女性、文化程度低、月收入低者為老年人抑郁癥的高危人群,通過提高老年人的ADL和獲得的社會支持能夠預防老年人抑郁癥的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the current situation of depression in the elderly at home in Xiangtan City and the influencing factors of the occurrence of depression in the elderly. Methods from June to September in 2015, 496 elderly people living at home in Xiangtan city were selected by cluster sampling. The social and demographic characteristics of the elderly were investigated by questionnaire, and the scores of the Center for Mixation Depression scale (CES-D) were measured. The scores of Social support scale (SSSS) and activity of Daily living (ADL) were measured. The structural equation model was used to study the influencing factors of depression in the elderly. Results the CES-D score was (10.13 鹵5.39), the incidence of depression was 19.56% (97 / 496), the ADL score was (16.34 鹵7.23) in the elderly, and the incidence of self-care ability was 20.77% (103 / 496). The results of structural equation showed that age, gender, monthly income, educational level, social support and ADL had a direct effect on the CES-D score of the elderly, that is, the lower the age, the higher the male, the higher the education level and the higher the annual income. The higher the social support and the lower the ADL score, the lower the depression degree. Social support can inhibit the depression of the elderly by indirectly acting on ADL (- 0.311), and the degree of education can reduce the depression of the elderly indirectly by enhancing the social support of the elderly. There was a positive correlation between the educational level of the elderly and monthly income (r = 0.334, P0.05). Conclusion the depression status of the elderly in Xiangtan City is not optimistic, female, low education level and low monthly income are the high risk groups of the elderly depression. It can prevent the occurrence of depression in the elderly by increasing the ADL of the elderly and obtaining the social support.
【作者單位】： 湘潭醫(yī)衛(wèi)職業(yè)技術學院;湘潭市第一人民醫(yī)院腦外科;
【分類號】：R749.4

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