【摘要】：目的探討兒童注意缺陷多動障礙(ADHD)不同亞型被動內(nèi)隱視覺空間注意特點。方法選取2012年4月至2012年12月北京大學(xué)精神衛(wèi)生研究所門診就診符合《美國精神障礙診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》第4版(DSM-IV)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的注意缺陷為主型ADHD(ADHD-I型)患兒27例,混合型ADHD(ADHD-C型)22例,以及性別、年齡與之匹配的正常兒童(正常對照組)18名,采用pop-out視覺搜索任務(wù)比較3組完成被動內(nèi)隱視覺空間注意的反應(yīng)時(RT)、個體內(nèi)反應(yīng)時標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(ISD)及各類錯誤率。結(jié)果 (1)左、右視野RT:ADHD-C型[(611.8±133.3)ms、(597.7±122.8)ms]ADHD-I型[(633.6±124.5)ms、(619.2±119.4)ms]和正常對照組[(635.5±131.1)ms、(626.6±138.4)ms],對左視野目標(biāo)RT均慢于右視野(P0.05),但3組間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(2)左、右視野ISD:ADHD-C型[(187.0±45.5)ms、(189.7±47.6)ms,P0.05]和ADHD-I型[(167.9±54.0)ms、(179.3±57.0)ms,P0.05]左、右視野ISD均明顯大于正常對照組[(137.3±39.1)ms、(136.6±38.3)ms,P0.05]。(3)左、右視野預(yù)期錯誤率:ADHD-C型左、右視野預(yù)期錯誤率[(1.1±1.2)%、(1.6±1.8)%]高于正常對照組[(0.5±1.2)%、(0.3±0.9)%,P0.05];左視野3組間預(yù)期錯誤率差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(4)左、右視野錯誤率:右側(cè)視野ADHD-C型錯誤率顯著大于正常對照組[(6.9±6.6)%、(2.9±4.1)%,P0.05];左側(cè)視野,3組間錯誤率差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論無論ADHD-I型還是ADHD-C型兒童被動內(nèi)隱視覺空間注意波動水平均大于正常對照兒童,注意力維持能力差,且ADHD-C型兒童抑制缺陷重于ADHD-I型兒童。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the characteristics of passive implicit visual spatial attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods from April 2012 to December 2012, 27 children with major ADHD (ADHD- I) who met the diagnostic criteria of American Handbook for diagnosis and Statistics of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) were selected from the out-patient clinic of Institute of Mental Health, Peking University. 22 cases of mixed ADHD (ADHD- C type) and 18 normal children matched with sex and age (normal control group) were enrolled in this study. Pop-out visual search task was used to compare the response time of passive implicit visual spatial attention in three groups (RT),). Intra-individual response time standard deviation (ISD) and various error rates. Results (1) left and right visual field RT:ADHD- C [(611.8 鹵133.3) ms, (597.7 鹵122.8) ms] ADHD- I [(633.6 鹵124.5) ms, (619.2 鹵119.4) ms] and normal control group [(635.5 鹵131.1) ms,] (626.6 鹵138.4) ms, the target RT of left visual field was slower than that of right visual field (P0.05), but there was no significant difference among the three groups (P0.05). (2). The ISD:ADHD- C type of left visual field and right visual field [(187.0 鹵45.5) ms,] were not significantly different among the three groups (P0.05). (189.7 鹵47.6) ms,P0.05 and ADHD- I [(167.9 鹵54.0) ms, (179.3 鹵57.0) ms,P0.05] ISD in left and right visual field were significantly larger than those in normal control group [(137.3 鹵39.1) ms, (136.6 鹵38.3) ms,]. (3) left and right visual field expectation error rate: ADHD- C left and right visual field expectation error rate [(1.1 鹵1.2)%, (1.6 鹵1.8)%] was higher than that of normal control group [(0.5 鹵1.2)%]. (0.3 鹵0.9)%, P0.05; There was no significant difference in the expected error rate among the three groups (P0.05). (4), while the right visual field error rate: the ADHD- C error rate in the right visual field was significantly higher than that in the normal control group [(6.9 鹵6.6)%, (2.9 鹵4.1)%]. P0.05; There was no significant difference in the error rate among the three groups in left visual field (P0.05). Conclusion the level of passive implicit visual spatial attention fluctuation in both ADHD- I and ADHD- C children is higher than that in normal children, and the ability of attention maintenance is poor, and the inhibition deficiency in ADHD- C children is more severe than that in ADHD- I children.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)精神衛(wèi)生研究所衛(wèi)生部精神衛(wèi)生學(xué)重點實驗室(北京大學(xué));北京師范大學(xué)認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)與學(xué)習(xí)國家重點實驗室腦與認(rèn)知科學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金[30970802,81020108022,81371496] “十一五”國家科技支撐計劃資助[2007BAI17B03]
【分類號】：R749.94

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1 汪冰,隋Z誶，

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