【摘要】：目的探究睡眠質(zhì)量對城市社區(qū)老年人抑郁的影響,考察覺知壓力在二者關(guān)系間的中介作用。方法采用方便抽樣法,于2015年5—7月對遼寧省沈陽市(和平區(qū)、鐵西區(qū)和皇姑區(qū))、大連市(沙河口區(qū)、甘井子區(qū)和西崗區(qū))和錦州市(凌河區(qū)、古塔區(qū)和太和區(qū))的社區(qū)老年人為調(diào)查對象,調(diào)查點(diǎn)設(shè)在公園、廣場、社區(qū)服務(wù)中心等老年人經(jīng)常活動(dòng)的地方。分別采用一般人口學(xué)資料問卷、匹茲堡睡眠質(zhì)量指數(shù)量表、覺知壓力量表、流調(diào)中心抑郁量表調(diào)查其一般人口學(xué)資料、睡眠質(zhì)量、覺知壓力及抑郁情況。采用SPSS 21.0和AMOS 22.0軟件對睡眠質(zhì)量、覺知壓力與抑郁三者之間關(guān)系進(jìn)行Pearson相關(guān)分析和中介效應(yīng)分析。結(jié)果共發(fā)放問卷1 050份,回收有效問卷1 032份,有效回收率為98.3%。睡眠質(zhì)量得分為(5.5±2.9)分,覺知壓力得分為(25.2±8.1)分,抑郁得分為(12.6±8.9)分。睡眠質(zhì)量得分與覺知壓力、抑郁得分均呈正相關(guān)(r=0.63、0.42,P0.01);覺知壓力得分與抑郁得分呈正相關(guān)(r=0.36,P0.01)。簡單線性回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,睡眠質(zhì)量與抑郁有線性回歸關(guān)系(β=0.460,SE=0.028,t=16.605,P0.001);睡眠質(zhì)量與覺知壓力有線性回歸關(guān)系(β=0.627,SE=0.024,t=25.856,P0.001)。多元線性回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,睡眠質(zhì)量、覺知壓力與抑郁均有線性回歸關(guān)系(睡眠質(zhì)量:β=0.277,SE=0.034,t=8.053,P0.001;覺知壓力:β=0.291,SE=0.034,t=8.471,P0.001)。中介效應(yīng)驗(yàn)證結(jié)果顯示,χ~2/df=4.713,規(guī)范擬合指數(shù)=0.926,相對擬合指數(shù)=0.907,增量擬合指數(shù)=0.941,非規(guī)范擬合指數(shù)=0.925,比較擬合指數(shù)=0.940,擬合優(yōu)度指數(shù)=0.956,近似誤差均方根=0.060。Bootstrap法檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,睡眠質(zhì)量到抑郁直接效應(yīng)、間接效應(yīng)的95%CI均未包含0,綜合說明覺知壓力的部分中介效應(yīng)模型成立,且部分中介效應(yīng)為0.129,占總效應(yīng)的62.6%(0.129/0.206)。結(jié)論睡眠質(zhì)量主要通過覺知壓力的中介作用對老年人抑郁產(chǎn)生間接效應(yīng),且覺知壓力在睡眠質(zhì)量與抑郁間起部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of sleep quality on depression of the elderly in urban communities, and to investigate the mediating role of awareness stress in the relationship between the two. Methods from May to July, 2015, we selected Shenyang City (Heping District, Tiexi District and Huanggu District), Dalian City (Shahekou District, Ganjingzi District and Xigang District) and Jinzhou City (Linghe District) from May to July 2015. The elderly in the communities of Guta District and Taihe District were investigated, which were located in parks, squares, community service centers and other places where the elderly were often active. The general demographic data, sleep quality, perceived stress and depression were investigated by general demography questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep quality Index scale, Awareness stress scale and Center Depression scale. SPSS-21.0 and AMOS-22.0 software were used to analyze the relationship among sleep quality, perceived stress and depression by Pearson correlation analysis and mediating effect analysis. Results 1 050 questionnaires were sent out and 1 032 valid questionnaires were recovered. The effective recovery rate was 98.3%. The score of sleep quality was (5.5 鹵2.9), the score of perceived stress was (25.2 鹵8.1), and the score of depression was (12.6 鹵8.9). The score of sleep quality was positively correlated with the scores of perceived stress and depression (r = 0.63, 0.42, P0.01), and the score of perceived stress was positively correlated with the score of depression (r = 0.36, P0.01). The results of simple linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear regression relationship between sleep quality and depression (尾 = 0.460, SE = 0.028, t = 16.605, P0.001). There was a linear regression between sleep quality and cognitive pressure (尾 = 0.627, SE = 0.024, t = 25.856, P 0.001). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear regression between sleep quality, perceived stress and depression (sleep quality: 尾 = 0.277, SE0.034, t = 8.053, P0.001; perceived pressure: 尾 = 0.291, SE0.034, t = 8.471, P0.001). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear regression between sleep quality, perceived stress and depression (尾 = 0.277, SE0.034, t = 8.471, P0.001). The results of intermediate effect verification showed that 蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2dfx4.713, standard fitting index = 0.926, relative fitting index = 0.907, incremental fitting index = 0.941, non-standard fitting index = 0.925, and comparative fitting index = 0.940, the relative fitting index was 0.907, the increment fitting index was 0.941, and the non-standard fitting index was 0.925. The goodness-of-fit index = 0.956, the approximate error square root = 0.060.Bootstrap test results showed that the direct effect of sleep quality to depression, the indirect effect of 95%CI did not contain 0, indicating that part of the intermediary effect model of perceived stress was established. Part of the intermediate effect was 0.129, accounting for 62.6% (0.129 / 0.206) of the total effect. Conclusion Sleep quality has an indirect effect on depression in the elderly mainly through the mediating effect of awareness pressure, and awareness stress plays a partial role in the interplay between sleep quality and depression.
【作者單位】： 錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)護(hù)理學(xué)院;
【分類號】：R749.4

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