【摘要】：雙重加工模型認為,藥物依賴者的行為是沖動性系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)共同作用的結果�，F(xiàn)有的藥物依賴研究幾乎均是在單一的維度上割裂地考察這兩個系統(tǒng),根據其結果難以全面理解藥物依賴行為的認知機制,不利于戒除治療實踐的開展,也阻礙了雙重加工模型自身的發(fā)展。鑒于海洛因依賴行為的典型性及其長期戒除的高難度性,本研究以海洛因戒除者為對象,采用線索暴露與執(zhí)行功能經典實驗任務相結合的研究思路,分別考察戒除者在暴露于海洛因相關線索和負性情緒線索條件下執(zhí)行功能的動態(tài)變化特性。本研究對于綜合分析沖動性系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)在藥物濫用及復吸行為中的相對作用及其內在聯(lián)系,構建全面理解藥物濫用及復吸行為的整合性理論模型具有重要的理論意義。同時,也為評估現(xiàn)有預防藥物依賴及復吸行為措施的有效性,發(fā)展更具針對性的戒除治療方案,推動毒癮戒除實踐和臨床心理矯治及預防工作的有效開展具有實踐指導意義。 本研究通過六個實驗,系統(tǒng)考察了在海洛因相關線索與負性情緒線索啟動條件下,海洛因戒除者的抑制、轉換和刷新等三個方面的執(zhí)行功能的動態(tài)變化特征,研究得到以下主要結論： (1)海洛因相關線索啟動削弱了海洛因戒除者反應抑制和沖突抑制功能的發(fā)揮效力,且對一般認知能力也有影響； (2)海洛因相關線索啟動使得海洛因戒除者在不同任務間轉換時所付出的代價更大,說明該類線索啟動削弱了戒除者任務轉換能力的有效發(fā)揮； (3)海洛因相關線索啟動加劇了海洛因戒除者工作記憶刷新能力的缺損； (4)負性情緒線索啟動破壞了海洛因戒除者的反應抑制和沖突抑制功能； (5)負性情緒線索啟動削弱了海洛因戒除者任務轉換能力的發(fā)揮效力； (6)負性情緒線索啟動加劇了海洛因戒除者工作記憶刷新能力的缺損。
[Abstract]:The dual processing model suggests that the behavior of drug addicts is the result of the interaction of impulsive and control systems. Most of the existing drug dependence studies examine these two systems in a single dimension. According to the results, it is difficult to fully understand the cognitive mechanism of drug dependence behavior, which is not conducive to the development of the practice of abstinence treatment. It also hinders the development of dual processing model itself. In view of the typical behavior of heroin dependence and the high difficulty of long-term abstinence, this study takes heroin abstinence as the object, and combines the clue exposure with the classical experimental task of performing function. The dynamic characteristics of executive function of abstinents exposed to heroin related cues and negative emotional cues were investigated. This study is of great theoretical significance for comprehensive analysis of the relative role of impulsive systems and control systems in drug abuse and relapse behavior and their internal relations, and for the establishment of an integrated theoretical model for the comprehensive understanding of drug abuse and relapse behaviors. At the same time, it is of practical significance to evaluate the effectiveness of existing preventive drug dependence and relapse behavior measures, to develop more targeted abstinence treatment programs, and to promote the practice of drug addiction withdrawal, clinical psychological correction and prevention. Through six experiments, the dynamic characteristics of executive functions of heroin abstinents in three aspects, namely inhibition, conversion and refresh, were systematically investigated under the conditions of heroin related cues and negative emotional cues. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the activation of heroin related clues weakens the effectiveness of response inhibition and conflict inhibition in heroin abstinents, and also has an effect on general cognitive ability; (2) the initiation of heroin related clues makes heroin abstinents pay more cost when switching between different tasks, which indicates that the initiation of heroin cues weakens the effective exertion of abstinence's ability to change tasks; (3) the activation of heroin related clues aggravated the defect of working memory refresh ability of heroin abstinents, (4) negative emotional cues damaged the reaction inhibition and conflict inhibition function of heroin abstinents. (5) the activation of negative emotional cues weakens the ability of task switching of heroin abstinents, and (6) the activation of negative emotional cues exacerbates the impairment of working memory refresh ability of heroin abstinents.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：B842.6;R749.64

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前5條

1 張鋒,沈模衛(wèi),朱海燕,周星;雙線索競爭條件下海洛因戒除者的前注意偏向特性[J];心理科學;2005年05期

2 沈模衛(wèi);朱海燕;張鋒;李鵬;;海洛因戒除者對相關線索和負性生理線索的注意偏向[J];心理科學;2006年06期

3 周曉林;執(zhí)行控制:一個具有廣闊理論前途和應用前景的研究領域[J];心理科學進展;2004年05期

4 鄧蕓菁;張鋒;楊宏;;毒品依賴性研究:心理學和神經生物學模式的回顧與展望[J];中國藥物依賴性雜志;2006年01期

5 朱海燕;沈模衛(wèi);殷素梅;;不同康復時相戒除者對海洛因相關線索的注意偏向[J];應用心理學;2005年04期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 朱海燕;海洛因戒除者的認知與情緒加工特性及其腦機制[D];浙江大學;2005年

，

本文編號：2352899