【摘要】：語言是每一個個體與外界溝通交流的橋梁。自一個普通兒童出生后一年半起,他們便開始逐步通過語言同外界進行溝通。然而,有一部分特殊的孩子,他們從嬰兒直至幼兒,都無法或無法全部地獲得與人溝通交流的語言。隨著近年來研究的進展,這些兒童逐漸進入了我們的視野。由于他們行為的特殊,甚至一些影視作品也開始以他們?yōu)轭}材。這個雖被越來越多的人聽說,卻仍未被進行深入研究的群體,是本文的研究對象——自閉癥患兒。與自閉癥患者增長速率日趨增加相對的是,目前學界對自閉癥患兒語言發(fā)展的研究成果在數(shù)量上與深度上都并不樂觀。因此,將世界上有關(guān)自閉癥患兒語言發(fā)展的研究現(xiàn)狀進行闡述,使國內(nèi)研究者有所了解是具有一定必要性的。在本篇文章中,筆者通過對國內(nèi)外數(shù)據(jù)庫進行檢索,對不同時期具有代表性的國內(nèi)外自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展相關(guān)研究成果進行梳理、分類,從而探究目前學術(shù)界對該領(lǐng)域的研究范疇、研究深度與研究熱點,并在綜述前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上對自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展未來的研究提供建議。本論文共分為四個部分:第一部分:緒論。在這一部分中,筆者闡述了本篇論文研究的必要性,提出了本文所希望解決的問題。并對論文所涉及的相關(guān)概念自閉癥、自閉癥譜系障礙(ASD)以及語言發(fā)展做出了界定,并介紹了本文所采用的研究方法。第二部分:國外自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展研究綜述。在這一部分中,筆者對國外學者在自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展方面具有代表性的研究成果進行了闡釋。國外學者對自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展的研究已經(jīng)處于初步形成體系并逐漸充實的階段;且在研究方法上具有科學性強、論證嚴謹?shù)奶攸c。第三部分:國內(nèi)自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展研究綜述。在這一部分中,筆者對國內(nèi)相關(guān)研究內(nèi)容進行了闡釋。我國在該領(lǐng)域的研究內(nèi)容主要集中在綜述性研究、總結(jié)分析性研究、教學方法類研究及個案類研究四部分,在研究內(nèi)容上具有散點式與集聚化并存的特點。在研究方法上,我國學者對自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展的研究以文獻法為主,在涉及具體數(shù)據(jù)之處缺少量化分析及科學范式。在研究成果上,我國相關(guān)研究表現(xiàn)出操作性成果較多,理論性成果較少的特點,在研究者方面,我國該領(lǐng)域的研究者主要是高校教師及康復(fù)中心的一線工作者。針對上述特點,筆者對我國自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展的研究提出了建立完整理論體系,注重研究科學性,加強高校教師與一線教師合作以及在借鑒國外的基礎(chǔ)上看展針對我國自閉癥兒童語言發(fā)展研究的建議。第四部分:結(jié)語。這一部分對全文進行了總結(jié),對開篇提出的問題進行了回答。
[Abstract]:Language is a bridge for each individual to communicate with the outside world. A year and a half after an ordinary child was born, they began to communicate with the outside world through language. However, some special children, from infants to young children, can not or can not fully access to the language of communication. With the progress of research in recent years, these children have gradually entered our field of vision. Because of their special behavior, even some film and television works began to take them as the subject matter. This group, which has been heard by more and more people, has not been studied in depth. In contrast to the increasing growth rate of autistic children, the current academic research on the language development of autistic children is not optimistic in terms of quantity and depth. Therefore, it is necessary for domestic researchers to study the language development of autistic children in the world. In this article, the author combs and classifies the relevant research results of the representative language development of autistic children at home and abroad in different periods by searching the databases at home and abroad. In order to explore the current academic research in this field, research depth and research focus, and on the basis of a review of previous studies on the language development of autistic children in the future to provide suggestions. This thesis is divided into four parts: the first part: introduction. In this part, the author expounds the necessity of this paper, and puts forward the problems that this paper wants to solve. The related concepts of autism, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and language development are defined, and the research methods used in this paper are introduced. Part two: a review of language development of autistic children abroad. In this part, the author explains the representative achievements of foreign scholars in the development of autistic children's language. The study on the language development of autistic children by foreign scholars has been in the initial system and gradually enriched stage, and the research method has the characteristics of scientific and rigorous demonstration. Part three: a review of language development of autistic children in China. In this part, the author interprets the domestic related research content. The research contents in this field are mainly summarized research, summary and analysis research, teaching method research and case study. The research contents are characterized by the coexistence of scatter and agglomeration. In terms of research methods, Chinese scholars mainly study the language development of autistic children with literature, and lack of quantitative analysis and scientific paradigm where the specific data are involved. In terms of research results, there are more operational results and fewer theoretical results in related studies in China. In terms of researchers, the researchers in this field are mainly university teachers and rehabilitation center workers. In view of the above characteristics, the author puts forward the establishment of a complete theoretical system for the study of the language development of autistic children in China, and pays attention to the scientific nature of the research. To strengthen the cooperation between college teachers and first-line teachers and to study the development of Chinese autistic children's language on the basis of reference from foreign countries. Part four: conclusion. This part has carried on the summary to the full text, has carried on the answer to the question raised at the beginning.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G76;R749.94

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