【摘要】：目的:描述汶川地震后重災區(qū)喪子者孤獨感的現狀及其影響因素,了解喪子者孤獨感和家庭功能的關系,為喪子者災后心理和家庭重建提供依據。方法:本研究為橫斷面調查,采用一般資料調查表、家庭關懷度指數量表、UCLA孤獨量表和感情與社交孤獨量表于汶川地震18個月后對重災區(qū)的190名喪子家庭進行調查。結果:喪子者孤獨感、情感孤獨和社交孤獨得分分別為24~69(43.58±9.61)分,5~24(11.95±3.60)分和6~24(13.99±3.69)分。喪子者家庭孤獨感、情感孤獨和社交孤獨水平均比非喪子的喪親者高,且兩者情感孤獨差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。多元回歸分析顯示,喪子者的再生育狀態(tài)和家庭功能是其孤獨感的影響因素。喪子者家庭功能與孤獨感、情感孤獨和社交孤獨呈負相關(P0.05)。結論:汶川地震喪子者孤獨感較高。喪子者的再生育狀態(tài)、家庭功能是其孤獨感的影響因素。在后期干預中需更加關注喪子者群體,幫助喪子者學會改善和提高家庭功能及情感交流的有效技巧,同時提供醫(yī)療技術支持幫助喪子者重新孕育后代,以減輕其孤獨感,更好地促進喪子者的災后心理和家庭重建。
[Abstract]:Objective: to describe the present situation and influencing factors of the loneliness of the bereaved children in the worst-hit areas after Wenchuan earthquake, to understand the relationship between the loneliness of the bereaved children and the family function, and to provide the basis for the psychological and family reconstruction of the bereaved children. Methods: a cross-sectional survey was conducted. 190 families in the worst-hit areas were investigated by general information questionnaire UCLA loneliness scale and emotional and social loneliness scale 18 months after the Wenchuan earthquake. Results: the scores of loneliness, emotional loneliness and social loneliness were 243.58 鹵9.61, 11.95 鹵3.60 and 13.99 鹵3.69, respectively. The levels of family loneliness, emotional loneliness and social loneliness of bereaved children were higher than those of non-bereaved children, and the difference of emotional loneliness between them was statistically significant (P0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the rechildbearing state and family function of bereaved children were the influencing factors of loneliness. Family function of bereaved children was negatively correlated with loneliness, emotional loneliness and social loneliness (P0.05). Conclusion: those who lost their children in Wenchuan earthquake had a higher sense of loneliness. The rechildbearing state and family function of the bereaved children are the influencing factors of their loneliness. In the later intervention, more attention should be paid to the bereavement group, to help the bereaved to learn the effective skills of improving family function and emotional communication, and to provide medical technical support to help the bereaved to reproduce their offspring in order to alleviate their loneliness. Better promote the psychological and family reconstruction of the bereaved.
【作者單位】： 四川大學華西醫(yī)院護理部;
【基金】：四川災后重建支持與研究中心項目(0040205415010)~~
【分類號】：R749.5

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