發(fā)布時間：2018-03-23 09:23

  本文選題：自殺未遂　切入點：三級醫(yī)院　出處：《山東大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：研究背景 自殺是心理、社會和生物多種因素相互作用的結果。從整個社會來看,自殺是一個突出的社會問題。自殺作為一個重要的醫(yī)學和社會問題,越來越被人們所重視。近幾年來,隨著社會的發(fā)展,科學的進步,生活節(jié)奏的加快,競爭日趨的激烈而使人們生活、精神壓力增大,家庭內部矛盾增多,自殺發(fā)生率呈上升趨勢,據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計,全世界每年有約100萬人因自殺死亡,是世界許多國家前10位的死因之一。中國自殺死亡的絕對人數(shù)居世界第一而服藥中毒自殺的方式占第一位。根據(jù)以往統(tǒng)計,濱州市某三級醫(yī)院急診科自2009年2月至2010年12月收治服藥自殺患者420例,針對其服藥現(xiàn)狀采取相應的護理措施,從心理、生理和社會等多方面探討患者服藥自殺原因,從而引起全社會的重視,減少自殺事件發(fā)生,挽救患者生命。 研究目的 本研究旨在通過分析濱州市某三級醫(yī)院急診科收住的自殺未遂患者,了解某三級醫(yī)院就診的服藥自殺未遂患者現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素,為有效預防自殺行為的發(fā)生提供參考依據(jù)。 資料與方法 以濱州市某三級醫(yī)院急診科就診的300例服藥自殺未遂患者為研究對象,設計服藥自殺調查問卷,對患者或家屬行問卷調查,了解患者性別、年齡、 性格、職業(yè)、收入、自殺原因,服藥前后心情、想法及是否會再次服藥自殺等情況,通過調查結果分析現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素。 主要結果 300例服藥自殺未遂患者中,女性患者與男性患者比例為1：1.38；年齡20歲者38人,21-40歲者137人,41-60歲者78人,大于61歲者47人；學歷分為小學學歷117人,初中126人,高中9人,中專42人,大專6人；各種職業(yè)中農(nóng)民177人,工人為75人,學生為30人,個體戶老板9人,其他9人；性格內向的123人,外向的83人,活潑開朗的45人,不成熟易激動的52人；自殺原因中有21人因為感覺社會壓力大,35人因為家庭經(jīng)濟負擔重,144人因為家庭糾紛(如離婚、與他人鬧矛盾、吵架等),47人因為情感受挫問題,32人患有抑郁癥,11人存在老年綜合征(如患者患有癌癥、腦血管病、高血壓心臟病等慢性病等),10人因為突發(fā)事件；自殺時心情郁悶的99人,孤獨無助的41人,委屈的39人,氣憤的85人,惱怒的36人；自殺前的想法認為傷害自己懲罰別人的41人,死亡是一種解脫的108人,逃避現(xiàn)實的61人,沒有多想、一時沖動63人,嚇唬他,使他改掉惡習的12人,真的活夠了的15人；服藥自殺后后悔的150人,不后悔的69人,舍不得家人的62人,清醒過來后,意識到生命珍貴的19人；是否會再出現(xiàn)沖動行為為永遠不會的165人,有可能出現(xiàn)沖動行為的為84人,不確定的為30人,還會出現(xiàn)沖動行為的為21人。 結論與建議 服藥自殺與性別、年齡、性格、職業(yè)、收入、情緒等直接相關,女性患者自殺率較男性高,但男性自殺率較前有所提高；21-40歲年齡段中自殺患者人數(shù)最多；低學歷、低收入及性格內向者居多。小學與初中學歷者人數(shù)最多,兩者人數(shù)之和占參與調查總人數(shù)的81.0%。不同職業(yè)的人群中,農(nóng)民服藥自殺的人數(shù)最多,占59%(共177人)。服藥自殺多見于家庭糾紛、家庭經(jīng)濟負擔及情感受挫折的人群,事業(yè)發(fā)展受挫折后易自殺。服藥時多數(shù)心情較差,大部分患者自殺后感覺后悔,服藥前36%認為死亡是一種解脫,有50%患者會后悔。服藥自殺后55%患者表示以后不會出現(xiàn)類似沖動行為,仍有7%(21人)的患者明確表示會再次自殺。 建議加強心理知識教育,樹立正確的人生觀,提高人們的心理防御和應激能力,用積極的態(tài)度來對待問題,保持良好的社會風氣和正常的人際關系。對于性格內向、孤獨、敏感和脆弱的人,應及時進行心理衛(wèi)生指導,緩解壓力。對于老年患者,應發(fā)動全民關心老年人,豐富老年人的晚年生活,為老年人提供良好的社會氛圍,使其對生活充滿信心,保持良好的心態(tài),緩解恐懼心理和厭世情緒。同時社會應重視自殺未遂患者,對其加強健康教育指導、心理狀況評估、提升自殺未遂者的問題應對能力,以及給予充分的社會支持資源等,使其盡快擺脫困境,融入社會。
[Abstract]:Research background
Dutch act is the psychological, social and biological interactions of various factors. From the social point of view, Dutch act is a prominent social problem. Dutch act as an important medical and social problems, people pay more and more attention. In recent years, with the development of society, the progress of science, the accelerated pace of life the competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and make people's life, mental pressure, increasing conflicts within the family, Dutch act incidence rate showed an upward trend, according to incomplete statistics, there are about 1 million people die every year because of Dutch act, is one of many countries in the world top 10 causes of death. The absolute number of death Chinese Dutch act ranked first in the world and taking medicine the poisoning Dutch act for the first. According to previous statistics, Binzhou city emergency department of a grade three hospital from February 2009 to December 2010 were taking Dutch act in 420 patients, take corresponding nursing measures according to the present situation of medication From the psychological, physiological and social aspects, this paper discusses the reasons for the suicide of the patients taking medicine, thus causing the attention of the whole society, reducing the occurrence of suicide and saving the life of the patients.
research objective
The purpose of this study is to understand the status and influencing factors of suicide attempts in a grade three hospital by analyzing the suicide attempts of patients in a three grade hospital in Binzhou, so as to provide reference for effective prevention of suicidal behavior.
Information and methods
A total of 300 suicide attempts patients in a three grade hospital in Binzhou were selected as the research objects. A suicide questionnaire was designed, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among the patients or their families to understand the sex and age of the patients.
Character, occupation, income, cause of suicide, mood before and after taking medicine, thought and whether it would take the medicine again, and analyze the situation and its influencing factors through the investigation.
Main results
300渚嬫湇鑽嚜鏉，

本文編號：1652855