本文選題：輕度認(rèn)知損害　切入點(diǎn)：慣性啞鈴　出處：《上海體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究背景與目的輕度認(rèn)知障礙損害(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)是介于正常老化和癡呆之間的一種過度狀態(tài),是認(rèn)知功能損傷的一種病理狀態(tài),表現(xiàn)為明顯的記憶障礙,但日常生活不受影響的狀態(tài)。除認(rèn)知功能外,MCI還常表現(xiàn)為顯著步態(tài)障礙與更高的跌倒發(fā)生率(健康老年人的兩倍)。此外,雙任務(wù)步態(tài)模式可模擬現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的多任務(wù)情景,與傳統(tǒng)的單任務(wù)步態(tài)相比,在評(píng)估認(rèn)知障礙老年人的步態(tài)障礙或跌倒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面更敏感、有效。因此,關(guān)注MCI老年人認(rèn)知功能的同時(shí)改善該人群步態(tài)障礙問題,可能對(duì)預(yù)防進(jìn)一步跌倒和認(rèn)知惡化具有重要意義。前期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),慣性啞鈴鍛煉對(duì)MCI老年人的認(rèn)知水平、生活質(zhì)量與睡眠狀態(tài)等健康指標(biāo)具有積極影響,但對(duì)該人群的步態(tài)特征(特別是雙任務(wù)步態(tài))的干預(yù)效果尚未可知。因此,本研究的主要目的是觀察12周慣性啞鈴鍛煉對(duì)MCI老年人單/雙任務(wù)模式下步態(tài)參數(shù)的影響。研究方法:本研究是為期12周的干預(yù)性試驗(yàn)。21名MCI老年人(認(rèn)知功能降低但尚未達(dá)到癡呆水平)納入本研究,并被分為兩組:干預(yù)組11名(年齡:69.2±3.5歲)和對(duì)照組10名(年齡68.6±2.3歲)。干預(yù)組受試者進(jìn)行12周慣性啞鈴運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)(每周3次,每次1小時(shí)),對(duì)照組受試者不采取運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)并保持原有生活狀態(tài)不變。運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)前-后,使用Vicon運(yùn)動(dòng)捕捉系統(tǒng)與測(cè)力臺(tái)對(duì)兩組受試者進(jìn)行步態(tài)測(cè)試,獲得其單任務(wù)與雙任務(wù)步態(tài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù),使用Visual3D軟件計(jì)算步態(tài)參數(shù),包括單步長(zhǎng)、復(fù)步長(zhǎng)、單支撐期、雙支撐期、步速、步寬和雙支撐占比。使用配對(duì)T檢驗(yàn)和重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析分別評(píng)估慣性啞鈴訓(xùn)練前后兩組受試者組內(nèi)和組間步態(tài)參數(shù)的差異性。研究結(jié)果1.12周慣性啞鈴干預(yù)后,干預(yù)組受試者單任務(wù)與雙任務(wù)狀態(tài)下的單支撐時(shí)間顯著變短(?=-0.05s,T=2.99,P=0.01;?=0.06s,T=3.99,P0.01),但其他步態(tài)參數(shù)無顯著變化(P0.05);對(duì)照組受試者在出現(xiàn)單/雙任務(wù)步態(tài)的單支撐時(shí)間顯著變短的同時(shí),還表現(xiàn)為單/雙任務(wù)狀態(tài)下的雙支撐占比顯著增加(?=3.00%,T=2.86,P=0.02;?=5.00%,T=5.42,P=0.01),其他步態(tài)參數(shù)無顯著變化(P0.05)。2.與對(duì)照組相比,12周慣性啞鈴干預(yù)后,干預(yù)組受試者單任務(wù)與雙任務(wù)狀態(tài)下的各步態(tài)參數(shù)均未表現(xiàn)出顯著的組間差異(P0.05)。研究結(jié)論12周慣性啞鈴練習(xí)對(duì)MCI老年人的單/雙任務(wù)狀態(tài)下的步態(tài)特征未表現(xiàn)出明顯干預(yù)效果。此外,12周后,對(duì)照組受試者出現(xiàn)一定程度的步態(tài)減退現(xiàn)象(雙支撐占比顯著增加),提示慣性啞鈴鍛煉可能對(duì)步態(tài)功能水平具有潛在的保持作用。由于本研究所使用的慣性啞鈴干預(yù)方案主要針對(duì)MCI老年人的認(rèn)知功能,并未特別針對(duì)下肢步態(tài)改善問題,未來研究仍需要增大樣本量并針對(duì)MCI老年人問題制定針對(duì)性的慣性啞鈴干預(yù)方案(或增加輔助性運(yùn)動(dòng))在改善該人群認(rèn)知功能的同時(shí)加強(qiáng)其步態(tài)控制能力,以提高慣性啞鈴干預(yù)方式對(duì)認(rèn)知障礙人群健康的全面改善效果。
[Abstract]:Background and objective mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an excessive state between normal aging and dementia. It is a pathological state of cognitive impairment, which is characterized by obvious memory impairment. In addition to cognitive function, MCI also showed significant gait disorders and a higher incidence of falls (twice as much as in healthy elderly people). In addition, the two-tasking gait pattern could simulate multitasking situations in real life. Compared with the traditional single-task gait, it is more sensitive and effective in assessing gait disorder or fall risk in the elderly with cognitive impairment. Therefore, attention should be paid to the cognitive function of the elderly with MCI while improving the gait disorder in this population. Previous studies have found that inertial dumbbell exercise has a positive effect on the cognitive level, quality of life and sleep state of the elderly with MCI. However, the effect of intervention on gait characteristics (especially two-task gait) in this population is not known. The main purpose of this study was to observe the effects of 12 weeks inertial dumbbell exercise on gait parameters of MCI elderly in single / double task mode. Reduced but not yet dementia) included in this study, They were divided into two groups: the intervention group (n = 11) (age: 69.2 鹵3.5 years) and the control group (n = 10) (age 68.6 鹵2.3). The subjects in the intervention group were treated with inertia dumbbell exercise for 12 weeks (3 times a week). One hour at a time, the subjects in the control group did not take exercise intervention and kept their original living state unchanged. Before and after the exercise intervention, the gait test was conducted by using the Vicon motion capture system and the force measuring table. The kinematics data of single and double task gait are obtained, and the gait parameters are calculated by Visual3D software, including single step length, complex step length, single support period, double support period, and step speed. The difference of gait parameters before and after inertial dumbbell training was evaluated by paired T test and repeated measurement variance analysis of variance. The results showed that after 1.12 weeks of inertial dumbbell intervention, the difference of gait parameters between the two groups was evaluated. In the intervention group, the duration of single support was significantly shortened under the condition of single task and double task. P0. 05s ~ 0. 05s ~ (2. 99) P ~ (0.01)? However, the other gait parameters did not change significantly (P 0.05). In the control group, the single support time of single / double task gait decreased significantly, and the proportion of double support increased significantly under single / double task. 3. 00. Tu 2.86. Pu. 02? There was no significant change in other gait parameters (P0.05U. 2). Compared with the control group, there was no significant change in other gait parameters after 12 weeks of inertial dumbbell intervention. There was no significant difference in gait parameters between groups in single task and two task states in the intervention group. Conclusion the gait characteristics of 12 weeks inertial dumbbell exercise on MCI elderly under single / one task state were not shown. In addition, 12 weeks later, In the control group, there was a certain degree of gait decline (the proportion of double support increased significantly, indicating that inertial dumbbell exercise may have a potential role in maintaining gait function level, as a result of the inertia dumbbell used in this study. The intervention program mainly aimed at the cognitive function of the elderly with MCI. Not specifically aimed at improving the gait of the lower extremities, Future studies still need to increase the sample size and develop a targeted inertial dumbbell intervention program (or increase supplementary exercise) for the elderly with MCI to improve their cognitive function and enhance their gait control ability. To improve the effect of inertia dumbbell intervention on the health of people with cognitive impairment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R749.16;R455

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