本文關(guān)鍵詞： 老年人群 AD 檢出率 影響因素　出處：《重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的 1.了解重慶市社會(huì)福利院老年人群認(rèn)知功能狀況及生活質(zhì)量； 2.研究AD與各種相關(guān)影響因素的關(guān)系,為進(jìn)一步制定有效的防治策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法 1.調(diào)查對(duì)象 采用隨機(jī)整群抽樣方法,從重慶市主城區(qū)抽取12家社會(huì)福利院共711名簽署知情同意書(shū)的老年人作為本次調(diào)查對(duì)象。 2.認(rèn)知功能篩查 用簡(jiǎn)易智力狀態(tài)檢查量表(MMSE)評(píng)定認(rèn)知功能缺損情況,漢密爾頓抑郁量表(HRSD)評(píng)定抑郁狀態(tài),Hachinski缺血評(píng)分量表區(qū)分癡呆類型,日常生活能力量表(ADL)評(píng)定日常生活能力,臨床癡呆程度評(píng)定量表(CDR)評(píng)定癡呆程度,采用美國(guó)精神障礙診斷統(tǒng)計(jì)手冊(cè)第4版的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(DSM-IV),美國(guó)神經(jīng)病學(xué)、語(yǔ)言障礙和腦卒中、阿爾茲海默癥(Alzheimer disease, AD)和相關(guān)疾病學(xué)會(huì)(NINCDS—ADRDA)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)診斷AD。 3.生活質(zhì)量調(diào)查 對(duì)受試對(duì)象的性別、婚姻、文化程度、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等一般特征及慢性病的患病情況和營(yíng)養(yǎng)素補(bǔ)充情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查。 4.統(tǒng)計(jì)方法 用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS17.0建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),對(duì)資料進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)描述,計(jì)數(shù)資料用率或構(gòu)成比表示,用卡方檢驗(yàn)做比較；AD的影響因素用單因素和多因素非條件Logistic回歸分析。 結(jié)果 1.60歲以上的受試者中,慢性病總檢出率為76.8%,檢出率較高,檢出率居于第一至第五位的疾病分別是：高血壓(43.5%)、冠心病(20.8%)、腦血管疾病(17.0%)、糖尿病(16.3%)、慢阻肺(6.9%) 2.60歲以上受試者老年癡呆患者共274人,檢出率為64.8%,其中AD患者在受試者中構(gòu)成比最高,為56.5%；AD患者在受試?yán)夏臧V呆患者中所占比例最大,為87.3%,血管性癡呆(VD)檢出率次之(5.9%),混合型癡呆(MY)檢出率最低(2.4%)。其中,AD患者又以輕度AD最多,輕度AD、中度AD、重度AD所占比例分別為：82.0%、15.1%、2.9%； 3.不同性別比較,女性AD檢出率(56.1%)與男性AD檢出率(57.8)無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05)；AD檢出率隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而增高,90～歲組檢出率最高,為64.7%。 4.單因素非條件Logistic回歸分析有6個(gè)因素與AD檢出率呈顯著相關(guān)性(P0.05)：年齡、婚姻狀況、學(xué)歷、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、護(hù)理入學(xué)歷、是否長(zhǎng)期補(bǔ)充微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素；多因素非條件Logistic回歸顯示高齡、低學(xué)歷、低收入、護(hù)理人學(xué)歷低為AD患病的危險(xiǎn)因素,長(zhǎng)期補(bǔ)充微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素為AD患病的保護(hù)因素。 結(jié)論 1.影響重慶市社會(huì)福利院老年人群健康的疾病主要為高血壓、冠心病、腦血管疾病、糖尿病、慢阻肺,AD檢出率也較高,慢性病檢出率與AD檢出率均有隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而增高的趨勢(shì),整體健康水平不容樂(lè)觀； 2.高齡、低學(xué)歷、低收入、護(hù)理人學(xué)歷低為AD患病的危險(xiǎn)因素,應(yīng)該從以上方面采取干預(yù)措施延緩AD的進(jìn)程；長(zhǎng)期補(bǔ)充微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素可能為AD患病的保護(hù)因素,在AD的預(yù)防措施中應(yīng)該引起重視。
[Abstract]:Purpose. 1. To understand the cognitive function and quality of life of the elderly in Chongqing Social Welfare Institute; 2. To study the relationship between AD and various influencing factors, to provide scientific basis for the further formulation of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Method. 1. Respondents. A total of 711 elderly people who signed informed consent form 12 social welfare institutions in the main urban area of Chongqing were selected by random cluster sampling. 2. Cognitive screening. Cognitive impairment was assessed with MMSE, Hachinski Ischemia scale with Hamilton Depression scale (HRSD) and ADL with ability of Daily living (ADL). Clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) was used to assess the degree of dementia. The standard of DSM-IVD, American Neurology, speech Disorder and Stroke, Alzheimer's Disease (ADD) and NINCDS-ADRDAwere used in the diagnosis of dementia by the fourth edition of the American Statistical Manual for the diagnosis of Mental Disorders (AD4), American Neurology, language Disorder and Stroke, Alzheimer's Disease (ADD) and the NINCDS-ADRDAs. 3. Quality of life surveys. The general characteristics, such as sex, marriage, education, economic status, the prevalence of chronic diseases and nutrient supplementation were investigated. 4. Statistical methods. The database was set up by SPSS17.0, the data was described, the rate or composition ratio of the data was counted, and the influencing factors of AD were compared by chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of AD. Results. 1. Among the subjects over 60 years old, the total detection rate of chronic diseases was 76.80.The detection rate of chronic diseases was higher. The first to 5th diseases were: hypertension 43.5%, coronary heart disease 20.8%, cerebrovascular diseases 17.0%, diabetes 16.3g, slow obstructive lung 6.9cm). 2.There were 274 senile dementia patients over 60 years old, and the detection rate was 64.8. The proportion of AD patients was the highest among the subjects, and the proportion of AD patients was the largest among the subjects with Alzheimer's disease. The detectable rate of vascular dementia was 5.9m, and that of mixed dementia was 2.40.The proportion of mild AD, mild AD, moderate AD and severe AD were respectively 82.00.15.1% and 2.9cm, respectively. 3. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of AD between female (56.1%) and male (57.8). There was no significant difference between female and male (P 0.05). The detection rate of AD in the group of 90 years old was the highest (64.7%) with the increase of age. 4. Univariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed significant correlation with AD detection rate (P 0.05): age, marital status, educational background, financial status, nursing education, long-term supplementation of micronutrients, multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression showed advanced age. Low education, low income and low degree of nursing were risk factors for AD, and long term micronutrient supplementation was the protective factor of AD. Conclusion. 1. Hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were the main diseases affecting the health of the elderly population in Chongqing Social Welfare Institute. The detection rate of chronic diseases and AD increased with the increase of age. The overall health level is not optimistic; 2. Advanced age, low education, low income and low nursing education are the risk factors of AD disease. Intervention measures should be taken to delay the progression of AD. Long-term micronutrient supplementation may be the protective factor of AD. Attention should be paid to the prevention of AD.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R749.16

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳彬;羅維武;陳麗玲;施光，

本文編號(hào)：1554288