本文關(guān)鍵詞： 精神障礙 現(xiàn)況調(diào)查 危險因素 綜合醫(yī)院 簡明國際神經(jīng)精神訪談檢查 心理護理　出處：《河北北方學院》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目的:調(diào)查某綜合醫(yī)院非精神科住院患者精神障礙的患病情況、科室分布特征及其人口學特征;調(diào)查非精神科醫(yī)生對精神障礙的識別率;調(diào)查非精神科住院患者精神障礙的共病情況以及精神衛(wèi)生服務利用現(xiàn)狀。方法:2014年6月-8月期間,采用整群抽樣的方法,以簡明國際神經(jīng)精神訪談檢查(Mini international neuropsychiatry interview,MINI)為調(diào)查工具,收集某綜合醫(yī)院非精神病科室住院患者的數(shù)據(jù)資料。資料分析采用SPSS統(tǒng)計軟件進行單因素和多因素分析。有效病例共597例,脫落率為5.3%。結(jié)果:1.本次調(diào)查精神障礙的患病率為17.6%;識別率為51.4%。不同精神障礙患病率依次為:抑郁障礙9.4%、廣泛性焦慮障礙3.7%、心境惡劣1.7%、自殺1.2%、輕躁狂發(fā)作1.2%、驚恐障礙為0.3%、場所恐懼癥為0.5%、社交恐懼癥為0.2%、強迫癥為1.0%、創(chuàng)傷后應激障礙為2.0%、酒濫用或酒依賴為2.0%、非酒精類精神活性物質(zhì)使用障礙為0.5%、精神性疾患為0.7%、神經(jīng)性厭食為0.7%、神經(jīng)性貪食為0.2%、反社會人格障礙為0;住院患者患病率最高的四個科室依次為:消化內(nèi)科44.9%,康復科25.0%,老年病房24.1%,神經(jīng)內(nèi)科19.0%。2.將自編問卷中的各個變量進行多因素logistic回歸分析,結(jié)果表明,科室、居住方式、心理疾病史、就診意愿為獨立影響因素。3.住院患者的精神障礙往往存在共病現(xiàn)象,以抑郁障礙與其他障礙共病最為多見。4.在精神衛(wèi)生服務利用方面,住院患者對精神疾患認識不足,對可提供的精神衛(wèi)生服務利用率普遍較低。根據(jù)調(diào)查,得出以下結(jié)論:1.在綜合醫(yī)院中,住院患者精神障礙患病率高、識別率低,應引起足夠的重視。2.在綜合醫(yī)院中,內(nèi)科、獨居、有過心理疾病史、對精神障礙有負性看法的住院患者為精神障礙的高發(fā)人群,需要重點關(guān)注;對外傷術(shù)后的住院患者應排除是否存在創(chuàng)傷后應激障礙。3.在綜合醫(yī)院中,建立精神/心理�？�,將有效提高非精神科室醫(yī)師的識別率,降低住院患者精神障礙的患病率。4.在綜合醫(yī)院中,住院患者抑郁障礙患病率最高,且與其他精神障礙共病最多見。5.加強對非精神科醫(yī)師進行精神病學癥狀學的培訓,積極開展心理護理及健康教育,可提高醫(yī)師對精神障礙的識別率,降低住院患者精神障礙的患病率。6.綜合醫(yī)院住院患者對于精神衛(wèi)生服務利用的情況較差,應加強患者對精神疾患認識,普及相關(guān)精神衛(wèi)生知識,引起患者自身重視,將有利于降低精神障礙患病率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence, distribution and demographic characteristics of mental disorders in non-psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital. To investigate the recognition rate of mental disorders by non-psychiatrists; Methods: from June 2014 to August, cluster sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of mental disorders and the utilization of mental health services in non-psychiatric inpatients. Mini international neuropsychiatry interview mini was used as an investigation tool. The data of inpatients in non-psychiatric department of a general hospital were collected. The data were analyzed by SPSS software for univariate and multivariate analysis. There were 597 effective cases. Results: 1. The prevalence of mental disorders in this survey was 17.6; The recognition rate was 51.4. The prevalence rate of different mental disorders was 9.4depression, 3.7generalized anxiety disorder, 1.7m bad mood, 1.2suicide, 1.2% hypomania. Panic disorder was 0.3g, place phobia was 0.5, social phobia was 0.2, obsessive-compulsive disorder was 1.0, post-traumatic stress disorder was 2.0, alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence was 2.0%. The use of non-alcoholic psychoactive substances was 0.5g, psychiatric disorder 0.7cm, anorexia nervosa 0.7m, neurotic gluttony 0.2g, antisocial personality disorder 0. The highest prevalence rate of inpatients was 44.9 in the Department of Gastroenterology, 25.0 in the Rehabilitation Department and 24.1% in the Geriatric ward. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of all the variables in the questionnaire showed that the department, the way of living, and the history of mental illness. The mental disorders of inpatients often have syndromes, and depression and other disorders are the most common. 4. In the use of mental health services. The inpatients have insufficient understanding of mental disorders, and the utilization rate of available mental health services is generally low. According to the investigation, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. In general hospitals, the prevalence of mental disorders among inpatients is high. The recognition rate is low, should cause enough attention .2.In general hospital, internal medicine, living alone, having a history of mental illness, the inpatients who have negative views on mental disorders are the high risk groups of mental disorders, which need to be paid more attention to. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) should be ruled out for the inpatients after trauma. In general hospital, the establishment of mental / psychological specialty will effectively improve the recognition rate of non-psychiatric department physicians. Reduce the prevalence of mental disorders in inpatients. 4. In general hospitals, inpatients with depression prevalence rate is the highest. And the most common diseases with other mental disorders .5.Strengthening the training of psychiatric symptoms for non-psychiatrists, actively developing psychological care and health education, can improve the recognition rate of psychiatric disorders. To reduce the prevalence rate of mental disorders of inpatients. 6. The utilization of mental health services of inpatients in general hospitals is poor. It is necessary to strengthen patients' understanding of mental disorders and popularize related mental health knowledge. It will help to reduce the prevalence rate of mental disorders by paying attention to the patients themselves.
【學位授予單位】：河北北方學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R749

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 毛紅芳;榮荷花;王子文;宋魏;王海鳴;曹敏;王海琪;蔣泓;;嘉定區(qū)孕產(chǎn)婦焦慮抑郁現(xiàn)況調(diào)查與相關(guān)因素研究[J];中國婦幼保健;2014年18期

2 杜長軍;周天紅;郭杰;黃彥;高營;王川;李雪;徐廣明;田紅軍;楊桂伏;馬駿;;天津市5家綜合醫(yī)院住院患者抑郁障礙流行情況[J];中國慢性病預防與控制;2014年02期

3 劉欣;;神經(jīng)內(nèi)科門診抑郁障礙患者的臨床特點[J];當代醫(yī)學;2013年24期

4 李家磊;姜榮環(huán);馬弘;于欣;黨衛(wèi)民;白文佩;劉梅顏;魏鏡;何燕玲;;北京部分綜合醫(yī)院門診就診者焦慮障礙的現(xiàn)況調(diào)查[J];中國全科醫(yī)學;2013年13期

5 杜潔挺;;產(chǎn)后抑郁癥的誘因分析及心理護理[J];求醫(yī)問藥(下半月);2012年11期

6 蘇敬華;胡號應;陳曉東;陳夕圓;梅芳;盧慧賢;楊寧;;廣州市綜合醫(yī)院住院患者抑郁障礙患病率調(diào)查[J];精神醫(yī)學雜志;2012年04期

7 ;Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in Chinese gastroenterological outpatients[J];World Journal of Gastroenterology;2012年20期

8 劉同洲;韓建波;劉蘭芬;葛洪敏;;綜合醫(yī)院住院患者抑郁障礙患病率調(diào)查[J];精神醫(yī)學雜志;2009年05期

9 武俊香;張立新;殷耀武;;老年期精神障礙臨床特點與護理對策[J];基層醫(yī)學論壇;2008年36期

10 李書平;王燕;馬景;沈浩;沈朝暉;金紅玲;;綜合性醫(yī)院軀體疾病伴發(fā)精神障礙臨床調(diào)查[J];中國健康心理學雜志;2008年08期

，

本文編號：1493589