【摘要】：衰老是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的過程,許多因素都能夠影響到衰老的進(jìn)程,例如遺傳、飲食、生活方式以及環(huán)境等等因素,都能很大程度上的影響老化的進(jìn)程。隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和老齡化的加速,抗衰老已經(jīng)受到廣泛地關(guān)注。本論文以果蠅為模式生物,研究藥物、飲食等不同因素對果蠅壽命的影響。牛磺酸,一種天然的有機(jī)化合物,對許多生物功能都非常重要;然而,�；撬釋λダ虾蛪勖挠绊戇�是未知的。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中給果蠅喂食不同濃度的�；撬帷�(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,�；撬峥梢匝娱L果蠅生命周期。�；撬釋墘勖难娱L作用具有性別特異性,雌雄果蠅的最佳攝入濃度以及延長比例是不同的。同時(shí)飲食對于�；撬岬淖饔糜兄欢ǖ挠绊憽Ｅ；撬岬难訅圩饔迷诟邿崃繉�(shí)驗(yàn)組比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)熱量實(shí)驗(yàn)組更強(qiáng)。另外,只在單獨(dú)飼養(yǎng)的果蠅組中觀察到�；撬岬挠幸嬗绊�,在雌雄混合組中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)。阿司匹林是一種自古以來一直使用的消炎鎮(zhèn)痛藥物,其療效十分顯著。最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)表明,阿司匹林具有抵抗癌癥的作用,且患癌癥的人服用阿司匹林后壽命會(huì)更長,因此本實(shí)驗(yàn)中喂食果蠅不同濃度的阿司匹林。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,阿司匹林能夠延長果蠅的壽命。另外,處女蠅的壽命要比交配過的果蠅更長。與牛磺酸實(shí)驗(yàn)相同,進(jìn)食高熱量食物會(huì)縮短果蠅的生命周期。薄荷醇,一種有機(jī)化合物,是薄荷中的主要成分。左旋薄荷醇有薄荷清香和清涼作用。而溫度是影響果蠅壽命的重要因素之一。目前國內(nèi)外對薄荷醇抗衰老的研究極少。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,給果蠅喂食不同濃度的�；撬�,并研究不同熱量飲食對果蠅壽命的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,低濃度的薄荷醇可以延長果蠅的壽命,但是高濃度的薄荷醇對果蠅反而有害。另外,相比于雌性果蠅,雄性果蠅對薄荷醇的作用更加敏感。進(jìn)食高熱量食物能夠部分抵消高濃度薄荷醇的作用。衰老是一個(gè)復(fù)雜而漫長的過程,本文的實(shí)驗(yàn)測試了不同藥物、飲食熱量、性別等因素對果蠅壽命的影響,為之后抗衰老藥物的開發(fā)和研究提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Aging is a very complex process, many factors can affect the process of aging, such as genetics, diet, lifestyle and environment, and so on. With the progress of society and the acceleration of aging, anti-aging has been widely concerned. In this paper, Drosophila was used as model organism to study the effects of drugs, diet and other factors on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. Taurine, a natural organic compound, is important for many biological functions; however, the effects of taurine on aging and longevity are unknown. In this experiment, Drosophila was fed with different concentrations of taurine. The results showed that taurine could prolong the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. The prolongation of life span of Drosophila melanogaster by taurine has sex specificity, and the optimum intake concentration and prolongation ratio of female and male Drosophila melanogaster are different. At the same time, diet has a certain effect on the role of taurine. The effect of taurine on life extension was stronger in high caloric group than in standard caloric group. In addition, the beneficial effects of taurine were observed only in the drosophila group, but not in the male and female mixed groups. Aspirin is an antiinflammatory and analgesic drug that has been used since ancient times. A new study found that aspirin has the ability to fight cancer and that cancer patients live longer after taking aspirin, so this study was given different concentrations of aspirin for Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that aspirin could prolong the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, virgin flies live longer than mating fruit flies. As with the taurine experiment, eating high-calorie foods shortened the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. Menthol, an organic compound, is the main ingredient in menthol. Levo-menthol has mint fragrance and coolness. Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. At present, there is little research on menthol anti-aging at home and abroad. In this experiment, Drosophila was fed with different concentrations of taurine, and the effects of different calorie diets on the life span of Drosophila were studied. The results showed that low concentration of menthol could prolong the life span of Drosophila melanogaster, but high concentration of menthol was harmful to Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, the male fruit fly is more sensitive to menthol than the female fruit fly. Eating high-calorie foods partially counteracts the effects of high concentrations of menthol. Aging is a complicated and long process. The effects of different drugs, dietary calorie and sex on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster were tested in this paper, which provided the experimental basis for the later development and research of anti-aging drugs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R339.38

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