本文選題：蜱 + 蜱傳病��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：蜱是一類專性吸血性節(jié)肢動物,全世界已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)800多種蜱,能傳播200多種病原體,例如病毒、細菌和原蟲等,其中病毒就有126種。我國蜱傳病毒主要有TBEV、CCHFV、SFTSV等,且吉林、黑龍江省部分地區(qū)為自然疫源地。但是對其他蜱傳病毒的報道相對較少,其在東北三省的流行本底尚未明確,因此對于蜱及蜱傳病毒的研究就具有重要意義。本研究對2016年3-6月從吉林、黑龍江省8個市區(qū)林場采集的4318只蜱進行形態(tài)學(xué)和分子生物學(xué)鑒定,統(tǒng)計結(jié)果后挑選樣品進行病毒宏基因組學(xué)研究,然后根據(jù)研究結(jié)果挑選3種注釋量高的病毒,對采集的蜱進行PCR擴增、克隆、測序、同源性及進化樹分析并對其進行細胞分離。為掌握吉林省、黑龍江省部分地區(qū)蜱種類及其攜帶病毒的情況,防止疾病跨種跨境傳播進行預(yù)防性研究。蜱采集統(tǒng)計結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在吉林省和黑龍江省8個市林場采集4318只蜱,共3屬5種,全溝硬蜱數(shù)量最多,森林革蜱最少。病毒宏基因組研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)南灣病毒、內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種和森林腦炎病毒注釋量高。然后對這三種病毒進行分子生物學(xué)檢測,其中南灣病毒陽性率最高為0.65%,其次是內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種和森林腦炎病毒,分別為0.55%和0.16%,為國際上首次在蜱中對南灣病毒和內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種進行陽性率調(diào)查。發(fā)現(xiàn)三種病毒均流行于全溝硬蜱,南灣病毒和內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種在嗜群血蜱中發(fā)現(xiàn)少量陽性,內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種還流行于長角血蜱。本研究還成功分離并得到這三種病毒的電鏡照片,為國際上首次從蜱內(nèi)分離南灣病毒和內(nèi)羅畢病毒新種并且得到電鏡照片。
[Abstract]:Ticks are a group of specialized blood sucking arthropods. 800 kinds of ticks have been found all over the world, which can transmit more than 200 kinds of pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria and protozoa, among which there are 126 kinds of viruses. The main tick-borne viruses in China are TBEV CCHFV SFTSV, and parts of Jilin and Heilongjiang Province are natural foci. However, there are few reports on other tick-borne viruses, and their epidemic background in the three provinces of Northeast China is not clear, so it is of great significance to study ticks and tick-borne viruses. In this study, 4318 ticks collected from forest farms in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces from March to June 2016 were identified by morphology and molecular biology. According to the results of the study, three kinds of highly annotated viruses were selected for PCR amplification, cloning, sequencing, homology and phylogenetic tree analysis and cell isolation. In order to know the species of ticks in Jilin province and Heilongjiang province and to prevent the cross-species spread of the disease, preventive research was carried out. The results showed that 4318 ticks belonging to 3 genera and 5 species were collected from 8 forest farms in Jilin province and Heilongjiang province. The results of virus macro genome study showed that Nanwan virus, new species of Nairobi virus and Forest Encephalitis virus were highly annotated. Then the three viruses were tested by molecular biology. The highest positive rate of Nanwan virus was 0.65, followed by the new Nairobi virus and forest encephalitis virus. 0.55% and 0.16%, respectively. It is the first time in the world to investigate the positive rate of new strains of Nanwan virus and Nairobi virus in ticks. Three kinds of viruses were found to be prevalent in Haemaphysalis sinensis, a small number of new strains of Nanwan virus and Nairobi virus were found to be positive in Haemaphysalis japonicus, and a new strain of Nairobi virus was also found to be prevalent in Haemaphysalis longicornis. This study also successfully isolated and obtained the electron microscope photos of the three viruses, which is the first time to isolate the Nanwan virus and the Nairobi virus from ticks in the world and obtain the electron microscope photos.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R384.4

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