發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-04 15:31

  本文選題：橡膠籽油 + 亞麻籽油　； 參考：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為研究橡膠籽油和亞麻籽油對泌乳奶牛瘤胃代謝、產(chǎn)奶性能和牛奶乳脂脂肪酸組成等指標(biāo)的影響,選取48頭處于泌乳中期健康的荷斯坦奶牛,根據(jù)泌乳量、胎次和泌乳天數(shù)將其隨機(jī)分成4組(n=12)。對照組(CON)飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧;橡膠籽油組(RO)在基礎(chǔ)日糧干物質(zhì)(DM)基礎(chǔ)上添加4%的橡膠籽油；亞麻籽油組(FO)在基礎(chǔ)日糧DM基礎(chǔ)上添加4%的亞麻籽油；混合油組(RFO)在基礎(chǔ)日糧DM基礎(chǔ)上添加2%橡膠籽油和2%亞麻籽油。試驗(yàn)期為9周。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下：1、橡膠籽油和亞麻籽油對奶牛泌乳性能、乳脂脂肪酸組成及牛奶氧化穩(wěn)定性的研究結(jié)果為：干物質(zhì)采食量、乳蛋白率、乳脂產(chǎn)量各組之間沒有差異；加油各組的產(chǎn)奶量顯著高于CON組(P0.001),而乳脂率顯著低于CON組；與CON組相比,RO組、FO組和RFO組牛奶中a-亞麻酸(ALA)含量顯著升高,其中FO組含量是CON組的2倍(P0.001)；加油組油酸(VA)和共軛亞油酸(CLA)含量均顯著升高(P0.001);其中,RFO組的VA、CLA、ALA含量較RO組高。加油組牛奶中不飽和脂肪酸(UFA)、單不飽和脂肪酸(MUFA)以及多不飽和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量均顯著高于CON組；相反,飽和脂肪酸(SFA)顯著降低達(dá)30%左右(P0.001)。FO和RFO組CAT活性與CON組相比顯著下降(P0.05),而RO組CAT活性與CON組相比下降但差異不顯著(P0.05)；RO、FO和RFO組與CON組比較,MDA具有降低的趨勢(P0.10)。2、橡膠籽油和亞麻籽油對奶牛瘤胃代謝的影響結(jié)果為：瘤胃pH值、氨氮濃度(NH4-N)以及微生物蛋白含量(MCP)各組之間差異不顯著(P0.05)；乙酸濃度、乙酸／丙酸,加油組均顯著低于CON組(P0.05),且加油組之間沒有顯著性差異；與CON組相比,總揮發(fā)酸濃度(TVFA),RO組顯著降低(P0.05),FO和RFO組有降低的趨勢；丙酸、丁酸、異丁酸、戊酸濃度各組之間沒有差異(P0.05)；瘤胃液C8：0～C18：0脂肪酸,加油組顯著降低(P0.05)；油酸(t9C18:1.VA.c9C18:1)加油組均顯著高于(P0.05)CON組,其中t9C18:1.VA含量,RFO組和FO組顯著高于RO組(P0.05)；FO和RFO組c9t11CLA含量均顯著高于RO組和CON組(P0.05)；加油組ALA含量均有增加的趨勢；UFA和MUFA濃度,加油組均顯著高于CON組(P0.05),FO組顯著高于RO組(P0.05)；加油組SFA均顯著低于CON組(P0.05):RFO、FO和CON組之間PUFA含量差異不顯著,且均顯著高于RO組(P0.05)。3、橡膠籽油和亞麻籽油對泌乳奶牛血液脂肪酸組成和血液抗氧化能力的影響結(jié)果為：RO.FO.RFO組血液中SFA含量顯著降低(P0.05)；UFA顯著增加(P0.05),其中MUFA顯著增加(P0.05),PUFA沒有發(fā)生差異性變化(P0.05):VA、c9t11 CLA、ALA含量均顯著增加(P0.05)；血液中胰島素和生長激素沒有發(fā)生變化；膽固醇和NEFA水平在加油各組顯著增加；抗氧化指標(biāo)SOD活性沒有產(chǎn)生變化(P0.05):GSH.Px活性,FO、RFO均顯著低于CON和RO(P0.05):CAT活性,FO、RFO均顯著低于CON(P0.05)；脂質(zhì)過氧化物產(chǎn)物MDA,FO.RFO均顯著高于CON和RO(P0.05):RO與CON相比,其抗氧化指標(biāo)和MDA均沒有差異性變化。以上結(jié)果顯示,日糧DM基礎(chǔ)上添加4%橡膠籽油和4%亞麻籽油能夠提高奶牛的泌乳性能,并通過提高乳脂中功能性FA(VA、CLA、ALA)含量,降低SFA含量來改善乳脂品質(zhì),但是會(huì)在一定程度上降低牛奶氧化穩(wěn)定性；橡膠籽油和亞麻籽油還能夠改變瘤胃發(fā)酵模式向丙酸型轉(zhuǎn)變,并且通過增加瘤胃內(nèi)和血液中VA、CLA以及ALA比例為改善牛奶FA組成提供了基礎(chǔ)；橡膠籽油對血液抗氧化沒有產(chǎn)生影響,而亞麻籽油會(huì)在一定程度上降低奶�？寡趸阅�。
[Abstract]:To study the effects of rubber seed oil and linseed oil on ruminal metabolism, milk production and fatty acid composition of milk fat in lactating dairy cows, 48 Holstein cows were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12) according to the amount of lactation, birth order and lactation days. The control group (CON) was fed with basal diet and rubber seed oil group (RO). 4% rubber seed oil was added on the basis of basal diet dry matter (DM); flax seed oil group (FO) added 4% flax seed oil on the basis of basal diet DM, and mixed oil group (RFO) added 2% rubber seed oil and 2% linseed oil on the basis of basal diet DM. The test period was 9 weeks. The test results were as follows: 1, rubber seed oil and linseed oil for lactating cows. The results of performance, lipid fatty acid composition and milk oxidation stability were as follows: dry matter intake, milk protein rate and milk fat yield were not different, milk production in each group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.001), and the milk fat rate was significantly lower than that of CON group. Compared with group CON, the content of a- linolenic acid (ALA) in milk of RO group, FO group and RFO group was obvious. The content of FO group was 2 times (P0.001) in CON group, and the content of oleic acid (VA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in gas group increased significantly (P0.001), and the content of VA, CLA, ALA in RFO group was higher than that in RO group. The content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in the milk group was significantly higher than that of the group of milk. On the contrary, the CAT activity of saturated fatty acid (SFA) was significantly reduced by about 30% (P0.001).FO and RFO group compared with CON group (P0.05), but the CAT activity of RO group was lower than that of CON group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). The results were as follows: the pH value of the rumen, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) and the microbial protein content (MCP) were not significant (P0.05), and the concentration of acetic acid and acetic acid / propionic acid were significantly lower than that of the CON group (P0.05), and there was no significant difference between the refueling group and the gas group. Compared with the CON group, the total volatile acid concentration (TVFA) and the RO group decreased significantly (P0.05), FO and R. There was a tendency to decrease in group FO, and there was no difference in the concentration of propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid and valerate (P0.05); C8:0 to C18:0 fatty acids in gastric juice were significantly lower (P0.05), and oil acid (t9C18:1.VA.c9C18:1) refueling group was significantly higher than (P0.05) CON group, and t9C18:1.VA content, RFO group and FO group were significantly higher than those of RO group. The content of c9t11CLA in group RO and CON group was significantly higher than that in group CON (P0.05), and the content of ALA in gas group increased significantly, and the concentration of UFA and MUFA was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.05), and the FO group was significantly higher than that of RO group (P0.05). .05).3, the effects of rubber seed oil and linseed oil on blood fatty acid composition and blood antioxidant capacity of lactating dairy cows were as follows: SFA content in blood of RO.FO.RFO group decreased significantly (P0.05), UFA increased significantly (P0.05), MUFA increased significantly (P0.05), PUFA did not change (P0.05). .05); there was no change in insulin and growth hormone in the blood; the levels of cholesterol and NEFA increased significantly in each group, and the activity of antioxidant index SOD did not change (P0.05): GSH.Px activity, FO, RFO were significantly lower than CON and RO (P0.05): CAT activity, FO, and lipid peroxide products were all obvious Compared to CON and RO (P0.05): RO and CON have no difference in antioxidant index and MDA. The above results show that adding 4% rubber seed oil and 4% linseed oil on the basis of dietary DM can improve milk performance of dairy cows, and reduce the content of SFA to improve the milk fat by increasing the content of functional FA (VA, CLA, ALA) in milk fat and improving the milk fat quality, but it will be at the same time. The stability of milk oxidation was reduced to a certain extent; rubber seed oil and linseed oil could also change the transformation of rumen fermentation to propionic acid, and the basis for improving the composition of milk FA was provided by increasing the VA, CLA and ALA ratios in the rumen and in the blood; the rubber seed oil had no effect on the blood oxidation resistance, while linseed oil would be in the same way. The antioxidant activity of dairy cows was reduced to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823.5

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