本文選題：肉仔雞 + 糞腸球菌��； 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文以愛拔益加(AA)肉仔雞為試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,研究在其飼糧中添加糞腸球菌后,對(duì)肉仔雞生產(chǎn)性能、屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)、抗氧化性能、營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)利用率及其血漿代謝組的影響,為糞腸球菌在肉仔雞生產(chǎn)中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)一飼糧中添加糞腸球菌對(duì)肉仔雞生長性能、肉品質(zhì)及抗氧化性能的影響為研究飼糧中添加糞腸球菌對(duì)愛拔益加(AA)肉仔雞生長性能、屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)、抗氧化指標(biāo)和養(yǎng)分利用率的影響,試驗(yàn)選用1日齡健康雄性AA肉仔雞180只,根據(jù)體重均衡原則隨機(jī)分為3組(每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)10只雞):I組(對(duì)照組)飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧,II、III組飼喂分別添加1×108 CFU/kg、5×108 CFU/kg糞腸球菌(活菌數(shù)為1×1010CFU/g)的試驗(yàn)飼糧,試驗(yàn)期42 d。結(jié)果表明:與對(duì)照組相比,1)飼糧中添加5×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組顯著降低了后期(22~42d)肉仔雞料重比和42日齡的腹脂率(P0.05),提高了肉仔雞42日齡的半凈膛率(P0.05);2)飼糧中添加5×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組顯著提高了42日齡肉仔雞胸肌和腿肌中的肌肉脂肪和肌苷酸含量(P0.05),增加了肉仔雞胸肌中單不飽和脂肪酸和多不飽和脂肪酸含量(P0.05),提高了肉仔雞腿肌中不飽和脂肪酸和單不飽和脂肪酸的含量(P0.05),顯著降低了腿肌中飽和脂肪酸含量(P0.05)。3)飼糧中添加5×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組顯著提高了肉仔雞42日齡血漿、肝臟、胸肌和腿肌中總抗氧化能力(P0.05),提高了肉仔雞42日齡血漿和肝臟中的總超氧化物歧化酶活性和谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶活性(P0.05),顯著降低了肉仔雞42日齡血漿、肝臟、胸肌和腿肌中的脂質(zhì)過氧化物含量和丙二醛含量(P0.05)。4)飼糧中添加5×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組顯著提高了肉仔雞前后期能量和粗蛋白的養(yǎng)分利用率(P0.05)。結(jié)論:飼糧中添加糞腸球菌對(duì)1-42日齡肉仔雞的生長性能、屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)、抗氧化指標(biāo)及其養(yǎng)分利用率有有利的影響。試驗(yàn)二飼糧中添加糞腸球菌對(duì)肉仔雞血漿代謝組的研究應(yīng)用液相色譜-質(zhì)譜(LC-MS)和氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜(GC-MS)聯(lián)用的代謝組學(xué)分析技術(shù)研究飼糧中添加不同劑量糞腸球菌對(duì)肉仔雞血漿代謝物的影響,將AA肉仔雞的血漿樣品經(jīng)過處理之后,用液相色譜-質(zhì)譜和氣象色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用技術(shù)檢測(cè)肉仔雞血漿中的代謝產(chǎn)物,根據(jù)質(zhì)譜數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)肉仔雞血漿中的代謝物進(jìn)行鑒定。結(jié)果表明:1)與對(duì)照組相比,添加5×108 CFU/kg糞腸球菌組中血漿代謝產(chǎn)物相對(duì)含量發(fā)生顯著變化(P0.05),主要為磷脂酰膽堿(PC(14:0))、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LysoPE(22:5))、PC(36:6)/PE(39:6)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI(18:0))、磷脂酸(PA(22:6))、PC(26:1)/PE(29:1)、磷脂酰甘油酯(PG(18:2))、棕櫚酸、甘氨酸、富馬酸、L-蘇氨酸、羥基丁酸、D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和單硬脂酸甘油酯;添加1×108 CFU/kg糞腸球菌組中血漿代謝產(chǎn)物相對(duì)含量也發(fā)生顯著變化(P0.05),主要為磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE(20:5))、1-亞麻酸甘油磷酸膽堿、LysoPE(22:5)、PE(20:3)、PC(16:0)、PC(20:3)、PC(36:6)/PE(39:6)、PC(40:7)、PE(18:3)、甘油磷脂-N-花生四烯酸乙醇胺、PC(26:1)/PE(29:1)、磷酸、磷酸鹽、羥基丁酸、透明質(zhì)酸、D-葡萄糖、棕櫚反油酸、à-D吡喃葡糖苷、棕櫚酸、膽固醇、D-果糖、D-葡萄糖/D-半乳糖、9-十八碳烯酸、蜜二糖。2)添加5×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組與添加1×108CFU/kg的糞腸球菌組相比,AA肉仔雞血漿代謝產(chǎn)物含量差異顯著(P0.05),發(fā)生變化的主要化合物為PC(20:5)、PC(18:0)/PE(21:0)、LysoPE(22:5)、1-亞麻酸甘油磷酸膽堿、PE(20:5)、PC(20:3)、PC(17:2)/PE(20:2)、甘氨酸、富馬酸、羥基丁二酸、D-果糖和半乳糖。結(jié)論:飼糧中添加糞腸球菌后對(duì)肉仔雞血漿代謝組產(chǎn)生顯著影響,35種潛在代謝物存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,其中與肉品質(zhì)有關(guān)的物質(zhì)有磷脂酰膽堿(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LysoPE)、PC/PE、磷酸、羥基丁二酸、D-葡萄糖和棕櫚酸。
[Abstract]:In this paper, AA broilers were used as experimental animals to study the effects of Enterococcus faecalis added to their diets on the production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant properties, nutrient utilization and plasma metabolic groups of broilers, which provided a theoretical basis for the practical application of Enterococcus faecalis in broiler production. The effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant properties of Enterococcus faecalis were affected by the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant index and nutrient utilization ratio of AA broilers. 180 healthy male broilers with 1 days of age were selected for the experiment. According to the principle of weight balance, the experiment was based on the principle of weight balance. The machine was divided into 3 groups (6 repetitions in each group and 10 chickens for each repeat): the I group (control group) was fed with basal diet, II and III were fed with 1 x 108 CFU/kg, 5 x 108 CFU/kg fecal Enterococcus (the number of live bacteria 1 x 1010CFU/g), and the test period 42 D. results showed that the group of Enterococcus faecalis supplemented with 5 x 108CFU/kg in the diet was significantly lower than that in the control group. Lower (22~42d) broiler feed weight ratio and abdominal fat rate (P0.05) at 42 days of age increased the half clean rate (P0.05) of broilers at 42 days of age; 2) 5 x 108CFU/kg Enterococcus increased muscle fat and musculic acid content in the chest and leg muscles of 42 day old broilers (P0.05), and increased the monounsaturated fat in Broilers' breast muscle. Fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid content (P0.05) increased the content of unsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids (P0.05) in chicken leg muscles (P0.05), and significantly reduced the saturated fatty acid content (P0.05) in the leg muscles (P0.05).3). The addition of 5 * 108CFU/kg fecal Enterococcus in the diet significantly increased the total plasma, liver, chest and leg muscles of broilers. Antioxidant capacity (P0.05) increased the total superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione peroxidase activity (P0.05) in the plasma and liver of broilers at 42 days of age, and significantly reduced the content of lipid peroxides and the content of malondialdehyde (P0.05).4 in the plasma, liver, chest and leg muscles of broilers, and 5 * 108CFU/kg of fecal intestines in the diet. The results showed that the addition of Enterococcus faecalis had a favorable effect on the growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant index and nutrient utilization ratio of 1-42 day old broilers. In test two, Enterococcus faecalis was added to the plasma metabolism group of broilers. The study used liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to study the effects of different dosages of Enterococcus faecalis on the metabolites of blood pulp of meat chicks. After processing the plasma samples of AA broilers, the method was used to detect meat by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and meteorologic chromatography-mass spectrometry. The metabolites in the plasma of the broiler were identified according to the mass spectrometry database. The results showed that: 1) compared with the control group, the relative content of plasma metabolites in the 5 x 108 CFU/kg Enterococcus group was significantly changed (P0.05), mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC (14:0)), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (LysoPE (22:5)), PC (36:6) /PE (39:6), phosphatidylinositol (PI (18:0)), phosphatidic acid (PA (22:6)), PC (26:1) /PE (29:1), phosphatidyl glyceride, glycine, fumaric acid, threonine, hydroxybutyric acid, glucose, galactose and glycerol monostearate; the relative content of plasma metabolites in the 1 x 108 fecal Enterococcus group also changed significantly. P0.05, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine (PE (20:5)), 1- linolenic acid glycerophosphate, LysoPE (22:5), PE (20:3), PC (16:0), PC (20:3), phosphoric acid, phosphate, hydroxybutyric acid, hyaluronic acid, palm antioleic acid and Staphylococcus aureus Glucoside, palmitic acid, cholesterol, D- fructose, D- glucose /D- galactose, 9- eighteen carboxenoic acid, honey two sugar.2) added 5 x 108CFU/kg in Enterococcus faecalis group and 1 x 108CFU/kg Enterococcus group, the content of blood plasma of AA meat chicken was significantly different (P0.05), the main compound was PC (20:5). PC (20:5), PC 1- linolenic acid glycerol phosphoric acid, PE (20:5), PC (20:3), PC (17:2) /PE (20:2), glycine, fumaric acid, hydroxy succinic acid, D- fructose and galactose. Conclusion: the addition of Enterococcus faecalis to the plasma metabolism group of broilers is significant, 35 potential metabolites have statistical differences, and the substances related to meat quality are phosphatidylcholine. Alkali (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (LysoPE), PC/PE, phosphoric acid, hydroxy succinic acid, D- glucose and palmitic acid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S831.5

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