本文選題：獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征 + 流行特征�。� 參考：《中國全科醫(yī)學》2015年23期

【摘要】：目的分析1995—2014年河南省周口市AIDS流行特征,為制定預防控制策略提供科學依據(jù)。方法檢索中國疾病預防控制信息系統(tǒng)AIDS綜合防治數(shù)據(jù)信息系統(tǒng),選取報告時間為1995—2014年,現(xiàn)住址為周口市的HIV感染者和AIDS患者信息。結果 1995—2014年周口市累計報告HIV感染者和AIDS患者9 187例,其中累計AIDS患者8 215例(89.42%),累計死亡3 254例(35.42%);現(xiàn)存HIV感染者和AIDS患者5 933例,其中AIDS患者5 164例,現(xiàn)存HIV感染者和AIDS患者占常住人口的比例為67.37/10萬。1995—2003年,隨著監(jiān)測力度的加大,發(fā)現(xiàn)HIV感染者和AIDS患者也逐年增加;2004年對既往有償獻血員(FPDs)開展HIV普查,故報告病例較其他年份顯著增高;2005—2012年疫情趨于平穩(wěn),呈下降趨勢;2013—2014年AIDS疫情有抬頭跡象。死亡病例自2006年起逐年下降。HIV感染者和AIDS患者分布于10個縣(區(qū)、市)204個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)(辦事處),各縣(區(qū)、市)現(xiàn)存病例占常住人口比例比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(χ2=1 181.0,P0.01)。AIDS流行一類縣、二類縣各有5個。HIV感染和AIDS患者中,男性多于女性,性別比為1.23∶1;年齡2~82歲,以30~60歲為主,占83.37%(7 659/9 187)。不同性別、年齡、現(xiàn)住址、民族、文化程度、職業(yè)、婚姻狀況的現(xiàn)存病例占常住人口比例比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。累計報告病例來源以檢測咨詢最多,為3 365例(36.63%),有償供血/血漿人員檢測和專題調查次之,分別為2 928例(31.87%)和1 410例(15.35%)。2006年起,經(jīng)血傳播、母嬰傳播病例占當年累計報告病例的構成比呈下降趨勢(χ2趨勢=1 096.0、11.8,P0.01),性傳播呈上升趨勢(χ2趨勢=193.4,P0.01)。2006年起,非婚異性傳播病例占當年累計報告病例的構成比呈上升趨勢(χ2趨勢=1 419.0,P0.01),配偶/固定性伴傳播占當年累計報告病例的構成比呈下降趨勢(χ2趨勢=43.6,P0.01)。男男同性傳播自2007年報告首例后,其占當年累計報告病例的構成比呈上升趨勢(χ2趨勢=132.1,P0.01)。結論周口市AIDS疫情近年有所抬頭,分布范圍廣,呈聚集性分布。臨床相關檢測是HIV感染和AIDS患者的重要來源之一,感染途徑已由經(jīng)血傳播向性傳播轉變,非婚異性傳播和男男同性傳播上升趨勢明顯,阻斷性傳播是當前控制AIDS疫情的重要任務。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of AIDS in Zhoukou City, Henan Province from 1995 to 2014, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A comprehensive AIDS prevention and control data system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information system was searched. The information of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in Zhoukou City was selected as the time of reporting from 1995 to 2014 and the current address was Zhoukou City. Results from 1995 to 2014, 9 187 HIV infected persons and AIDS patients were reported in Zhoukou City, including 8 215 AIDS patients (89.42%), 3 254 deaths (35.42%), 5 933 HIV infected persons and AIDS patients, 5 164 AIDS patients. The proportion of existing HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in the resident population is 67.37% / 100 000. In 1995-2003, with the increase of surveillance, it was found that HIV infection and AIDS patients also increased year by year. In 2004, a survey was conducted on paid blood donors (FPDs) on HIV. Therefore, the reported cases were significantly higher than those in other years. The epidemic situation in 2005-2012 tended to be stable and decreased. The AIDS epidemic in 2013-2014 showed signs of increasing. Since 2006, the number of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients has decreased year by year in 10 counties (districts, cities) in 204 townships (offices), and the proportion of existing cases in resident population in each county (district, city) is higher than that in other counties (蠂 ~ 2 / 1 181.0 / P ~ (0.01). There were 5 HIV infection and AIDS patients in the second class county, male was more than female, the sex ratio was 1.23: 1, the age was 2 ~ 82 years old, 30 ~ 60 years old, accounted for 83.37% (7 659 / 9 187). Sex, age, current address, nationality, education, occupation, marital status of the existing cases in the proportion of resident population, the differences were statistically significant (P0.01). The largest number of reported cases, 3365 cases (36.63%), were reported, followed by paid blood supply / plasma test and special investigation, which were 2928 cases (31.87%) and 1,410 cases (15.35%), respectively. The proportion of cases of mother-to-child transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year showed a decreasing trend (蠂 ~ 2 trend: 1 096.0 / 11.8 / P0.01), and a rising trend of sexual transmission (蠂 ~ (2) trend = 193.4 / P ~ (0.01). The proportion of non-marital heterosexual transmission cases in the cumulative reported cases increased (蠂 2 trend was 1 419.0 / P0.01), and the proportion of spouse / fixed partner transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year showed a decreasing trend (蠂 2 trend was 43.6 / P0.01). Since the first case was reported in 2007, the proportion of male same-sex transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year was on the rise (蠂 ~ 2 trend: 132.1 / P0.01). Conclusion the epidemic situation of AIDS in Zhoukou City has been increasing in recent years. Clinical related testing is one of the important sources of HIV infection and AIDS patients. The route of infection has changed from blood transmission to sexual transmission. The trend of heterosexual transmission and male homosexual transmission is obvious. Interdiction of sexual transmission is an important task to control the AIDS epidemic.
【作者單位】： 河南省周口市疾病預防控制中心;
【分類號】：R512.91

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