本文選題：瘧疾 + 消除　； 參考：《中國(guó)熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)》2016年06期

【摘要】：目的分析南昌市瘧疾流行概況與防治歷程,總結(jié)評(píng)估南昌市消除瘧疾工作,為制訂消除瘧疾達(dá)標(biāo)后的防制策略提供依據(jù)。方法收集南昌市1950—2015年瘧疾防治疫情數(shù)據(jù)、報(bào)表、文件、工作計(jì)劃、防治策略與措施等資料,采用描述流行病學(xué)方法分析南昌市瘧疾流行特點(diǎn)與防治歷程,根據(jù)國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委《消除瘧疾考核評(píng)估方案(2014年版)》,從保障措施、技術(shù)措施、防控效果3個(gè)方面對(duì)消除瘧疾工作進(jìn)行評(píng)估。結(jié)果瘧疾曾是危害南昌市人民健康最嚴(yán)重的地方性傳染病,1950—2015年間瘧疾年發(fā)病率經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析顯示:1950—1954年瘧疾發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢(shì)(P0.01),1955—1962年略微下降(P0.01)后上升到1969年的最高發(fā)病率6 899.50/10萬(wàn)(P0.01),1969—1976年從高點(diǎn)下降(P0.01);1977—1985年開展大規(guī)�？汞懞竽臧l(fā)病率急劇下降(P0.01),1987年發(fā)病率已降至10.01/10萬(wàn),1988—2009年發(fā)病率繼續(xù)下降(P0.01),2010年后年發(fā)病率均在0.5/10萬(wàn)以下。整個(gè)防治歷程經(jīng)重點(diǎn)防治、全面防治、基本消除瘧疾、滅瘧后監(jiān)測(cè)階段和消除瘧疾5個(gè)階段。消除瘧疾階段(2010—2015年)南昌市建立了多部門聯(lián)防聯(lián)控工作機(jī)制,按《江西省消除瘧疾實(shí)施方案》要求開展消除瘧疾達(dá)標(biāo)評(píng)估工作,全市瘧原蟲血檢56 586人,平均年度血檢數(shù)達(dá)到總?cè)丝?.52‰,血片復(fù)核率為10.62%,發(fā)生的91例病例均得到及時(shí)有效控制。媒介監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)本地主要傳瘧媒介為中華按蚊。結(jié)論南昌市經(jīng)過(guò)多年瘧疾防治,連續(xù)保持5年無(wú)本地瘧疾病例,達(dá)到消除瘧疾標(biāo)準(zhǔn),后期的防治工作重點(diǎn)是加強(qiáng)輸入性病例的監(jiān)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the malaria epidemic situation and control course in Nanchang city, summarize and evaluate the work of eliminating malaria in Nanchang city, and provide the basis for making the control strategy after eliminating malaria. Methods data of malaria epidemic situation, report forms, documents, work plan, control strategy and measures from 1950 to 2015 in Nanchang City were collected, and the epidemic characteristics and course of malaria control in Nanchang City were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. According to the National Health and Family Planning Commission's Evaluation Program for Malaria Elimination (2014 Edition), the work of eliminating malaria was evaluated from three aspects: safeguard measures, technical measures and control effects. Results Malaria was the most serious endemic infectious disease in Nanchang City during 1950-2015. Statistical analysis showed that the incidence of malaria increased from 1950 to 1954 (P0.01) and then decreased slightly from 1955-1962 (P0.01). By 1969, the highest incidence of malaria was 6899.50 / 100000 (P0.01) and the annual incidence of large scale antimalarial diseases dropped sharply from the peak of 1969-1976 to 1977-1985 (P0.01). In 1987, the incidence of malaria decreased to 10.01% / 100000 / 100 000 / 10 000 (P 0.01), and the annual incidence rate was below 0.5 / 100 000 (P0.01) after 2010. In the whole course of prevention and control, malaria was basically eliminated, post-malaria surveillance and elimination of malaria were carried out through key prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control. Nanchang City, in the phase of malaria eradication (2010-2015), has set up a multi-sector joint prevention and control mechanism, and has carried out the evaluation of the standard of malaria elimination in accordance with the requirements of the "implementation Plan for Malaria Elimination in Jiangxi Province". 56,586 malaria parasites were examined in blood in the whole city. The average annual number of blood tests was 2.52 鈥，

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