發(fā)布時間：2018-06-24 22:38

  本文選題：線蟲感染 + 土源性線蟲��； 參考：《中國寄生蟲學與寄生蟲病雜志》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的分析2011-2015年福建省國家級監(jiān)測點漳州市薌城區(qū)農(nóng)村人群土源性線蟲感染情況。方法于2011-2015年將漳州市薌城區(qū)按東、西、南、北、中5個片區(qū)劃分,隨機選擇大寨村、秋坑村、山美村、甘棠村和浦林村等5個村為監(jiān)測點,應(yīng)用改良加藤厚涂片法檢查土源性線蟲感染情況,透明膠紙肛拭法檢查3~12周歲兒童蟯蟲(Enterobius vermicularis)感染情況。隨機數(shù)字表法收集75戶家庭的蔬菜園、果園及其他種植地的土壤標本進行鉤蚴培養(yǎng)分離,并鑒定蟲種。結(jié)果共檢查薌城區(qū)5個村5 352人,檢出土源性線蟲感染者572例,總感染率為10.7%。2011-2015年感染率分別為14.3%(146/1 022)、14.7%(155/1 052)、4.0%(42/1 053)、7.3%(78/1 067)和13.0%(151/1 158)。人群土源性線蟲感染以鉤蟲(Ancylostoma sp.)為主,感染率為5.9%(318/5 352),其中2011年的感染率最高,為10.8%(110/1 022)。2012-2015年鉤蟲感染率分別為6.2%(65/1 052)、1.4%(15/1 053)、3.2%(34/1 067)、8.1%(94/1 158),均為輕度感染。蛔蟲(Ascaris lumbricoides)感染僅2012年查出2例,均為輕度感染。鞭蟲(Trichuris trichiura)感染分別于2012、2014、2015年查出1、1、2例,均為輕度感染。兒童蟯蟲感染共檢查668人,感染率為37.1%(248/668),其中2014年的感染率最低,為27.7%(43/155),2012年最高,為56.5%(87/154)。男性土源性線蟲感染率為11.6%(300/2 595),高于女性的9.9%(272/2 757)(P0.05)。除15歲年齡組外(該組以蟯蟲感染為主),其余各年齡組的土源性線蟲感染率隨著年齡增長逐漸升高,15~24歲年齡組最低,為1.9%(5/266),65歲年齡組最高,為11.0%(98/889)(P0.05)。不同職業(yè)分布中,農(nóng)民、學生和學前兒童的感染率分別為7.1%(321/4 521)、21.8%(122/559)和47.4%(129/272)。不同文化水平中,以文盲或半文盲、小學為主,感染率分別為23.9%(245/1 025)和11.9%(238/1 995);感染率隨受教育程度升高而降低,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(χ2=308.16,P0.05)。檢測土壤標本75份,鉤蚴陽性19份,2011年大寨村土壤中鉤蚴分離份數(shù)最多,為10份;鉤蚴經(jīng)鑒定均為美洲鉤蟲(Necator americanus)。結(jié)論 2011-2015年薌城區(qū)農(nóng)村人群土源性線蟲感染率呈下降趨勢,但兒童蟯蟲感染仍維持較高的水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the infection of soil nematode in rural population of Zhangzhou City, a national surveillance site in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2015. Methods from 2011 to 2015, the Xiangcheng District of Zhangzhou City was divided according to the five districts of east, west, south, north and middle. Five villages, including Dazhai Village, Qiukeng Village, Shanmei Village, Gantang Village and Pulin Village, were randomly selected as the monitoring sites. The infection of soil derived nematode was detected by modified Kato thick smear method and Enterobius vermicularis infection was detected by means of transparent tape anal swab. The soil samples of 75 families were collected from vegetable gardens, orchards and other planting areas by random number table method. Results A total of 5 352 people were examined in 5 villages in Xiangcheng District, and 572 cases of nematode infection were detected. The total infection rate in 2011-2015 was 14. 3% (146 / 1022), 14. 7% (15 / 1 052), 4. 0% (42 / 1 053) and 7. 3% (78 / 1 067) and 13. 0% (151 / 1 158) respectively. (Ancylostoma sp.) of hookworm infected by soil derived nematode in population The infection rate in 2011 was 10.8% (110 / 1022). In 2012-2015, the infection rate of hookworm was 6.2% (65 / 1052), 1.4% (15 / 1053) / 3.2% (34 / 1067) 8.1% (94 / 1 158). Only 2 cases of Ascaris lumbricoides (Ascaris lumbricoides) infection were detected in 2012, all of which were mild infection. Trichuris trichiura infection was detected in 2012 and 2014 respectively. In 2015, 2 cases of Trichuris trichiura were detected as mild infection. A total of 668 children were examined for Enterobius vermicularis infection, with an infection rate of 37.1% (248 / 668). The lowest infection rate was 27.7% (43 / 155) in 2014, and the highest rate was 56.5% (87 / 154) in 2012. The infection rate of male soil-derived nematode was 11.6% (300 / 2 595), which was higher than that of female (9.9%) (272 / 2757) (P0.05). Except for 15 years old group, the infection rate of soil origin nematode was the lowest in 1524 age group, which was 1.9% (5 / 266) and the highest was 11.0% (98 / 889) (P0.05). The infection rates of farmers, students and preschool children were 7.1% (321 / 4521) and 47.4% (129.272) respectively. Among the different education levels, illiteracy or semi-illiteracy was the main factor in primary school, the infection rate was 23.9% (24.5 / 1025) and 11.9% (238 / 1 995) respectively, and the infection rate decreased with the increase of education level (蠂 ~ 2 / 308.16) (蠂 ~ 2 / 308.16). 75 soil specimens were detected, 19 were positive for hydatid, and 10 were isolated from the soil of Dazhai village in 2011, all of which were identified as Necator americanus). Conclusion the infection rate of soil-derived nematode decreased in rural population of Xiangcheng city from 2011 to 2015, but the level of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children was still high.
【作者單位】： 漳州市薌城區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心;福建省疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【分類號】：R181.8;R532.1

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