發(fā)布時間：2018-04-22 03:26

  本文選題：吸毒人群 + 艾滋病��； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解蘇州市吸毒人群的社會人口學(xué)、艾滋病防治知識知曉率、吸毒種類及方式、性行為情況等特征，了解吸毒人群的HIV、梅毒和HCV感染現(xiàn)狀，為控制吸毒人群中艾滋病的流行、加強艾滋病防范和對吸毒人群的矯治，針對性采取預(yù)防控制措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：以2009～2013年監(jiān)測期間蘇州市戒毒所內(nèi)所有新入所的吸毒人員為研究對象，采用中國CDC提供的統(tǒng)一調(diào)查表，邊訪談邊進行調(diào)查；采集調(diào)查對象血清，檢測HIV抗體、梅毒抗體和HCV抗體，將監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一錄入艾滋病哨點監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器和客戶端軟件，建立Excel2003數(shù)據(jù)庫，SPSS13.0進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果：調(diào)查共收集問卷1804份，采集血樣1804份，問卷有效率為100%；吸毒人群以男性為主，30歲以下年齡段占55.82%，未婚和在婚的比例較大，本省占51.66%，95.23%的調(diào)查對象為漢族人，文化程度以初中居多。吸毒人群對“蚊蟲叮咬是否會傳播艾滋病”這一問題的回答正確率為40.35%，其余知識問題回答正確率達75%以上。 吸毒人群吸食毒品種類主要以冰毒為主，占69.29%，其次為海洛因，占27.94%，男性吸毒人群海洛因的吸食率顯著高于女性，女性吸毒人群冰毒吸食率顯著高于男性，男性吸毒者注射毒品的注射率高于女性吸毒者，曾經(jīng)注射過毒品的吸毒者中，30%的吸毒者與他人共用過針具。 在最近一次，吸毒人群與固定性伴發(fā)生性行為時，安全套使用率僅占20%左右，與商業(yè)性伴發(fā)生商業(yè)性行為時，安全套使用率不到60%，吸毒人群接受到艾滋病預(yù)防干預(yù)服務(wù)目前仍以“安全套宣傳和發(fā)放/艾滋病咨詢與檢測”為主。 本次調(diào)查HIV感染陽性數(shù)為18人，陽性率為0.99%，梅毒陽性人數(shù)83人，陽性率4.60%，丙肝陽性人數(shù)328人，陽性率18.18%，少數(shù)民族、文化程度低、共用針具的注射吸毒人群感染HIV的危險性大于漢族、文化程度高、未共用過針具的吸毒人群，OR值分別為15.784、0.058和5.778，女性感染梅毒的危險性大于男性，OR=3.318。 結(jié)論：不同人口學(xué)特征的吸毒人群在艾滋病知識掌握情況、使用毒品、注射毒品、共用針具、性行為情況、HIV和梅毒感染現(xiàn)狀等方面均有顯著的差異，因此，要結(jié)合吸毒人群的特征開展干預(yù)活動，對少數(shù)民族地區(qū)普及艾滋病健康教育知識，，深入推廣清潔針具交換工作，在開展艾滋病自愿咨詢檢測服務(wù)的時候，推薦吸毒人員同時進行梅毒檢測，同時在開展行為干預(yù)時要給以女性更多的關(guān)注。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the characteristics of social demography, knowledge rate of AIDS prevention and control, types and ways of drug use, and sexual behavior among drug users in Suzhou, and to understand the current situation of HIV, syphilis and HCV infection among drug users. In order to control the prevalence of AIDS among drug users, strengthen AIDS prevention and treatment of drug users, targeted prevention and control measures to provide scientific basis. Methods: during the surveillance period from 2009 to 2013, all the newly admitted drug users in the rehab in Suzhou City were selected as the research objects, and the HIV antibody was detected by using the unified questionnaire provided by CDC in China, while interviewing, collecting the sera of the investigated subjects, and detecting the HIV antibody. Syphilis antibody and HCV antibody, the surveillance data were input into the surveillance network server and client software, and the Excel2003 database was established to carry out statistical analysis by SPSS 13.0. Results: a total of 1804 questionnaires were collected, 1804 blood samples were collected, the effective rate of the questionnaire was 100. 55.82% of drug addicts were under 30 years of age, and the proportion of unmarried and married was relatively large. In this province, 51.66% of the respondents were Han people. Education level in junior high school is the majority. The correct rate of answer to the question "whether mosquito bites will spread AIDS" among drug addicts is 40.35, and the correct rate of other knowledge questions is more than 75%. The main drug types of drug users were methamphetamine (69.29%), followed by heroin (27.94%). The heroin consumption rate of male drug users was significantly higher than that of women, and that of female drug users was significantly higher than that of men. The injection rate of male drug users was higher than that of female drug users, and 30% of drug users who had injected drugs shared needles with others. Most recently, condom use among drug addicts was only about 20 percent when they had sex with a fixed partner, and when they had commercial sex with a commercial partner, Condom use rate is less than 60, drug users receive AIDS prevention and intervention services are still mainly "condom publicity and distribution / AIDS counseling and testing." The positive rate of HIV infection was 18, the positive rate was 0.99, the positive rate of syphilis was 83, the positive rate was 4.60, the positive rate of hepatitis C was 328, the positive rate was 18.18. The risk of HIV infection in injecting drug users who shared needles was higher than that in Han nationality. The OR values of drug users who did not share needles were 15.784n0.058 and 5.778respectively. The risk of syphilis infection in women was higher than that in males (OR3.318). Conclusion: there are significant differences in AIDS knowledge, drug use, injecting drug use, needle sharing, sexual behavior and HIV and syphilis infection among drug users with different demographic characteristics. It is necessary to carry out intervention activities in the light of the characteristics of drug users, popularize AIDS health education knowledge in ethnic minority areas, deepen the promotion of clean needle exchange, and carry out voluntary AIDS counselling and testing services. Drug users are recommended for simultaneous syphilis testing, while giving more attention to women when conducting behavioral interventions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R512.91;R749.64

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃永紅;;我國艾滋病的流行動態(tài)和預(yù)防控制策略[J];應(yīng)用預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2006年S1期

2 文小青;蔣基權(quán);黃運能;張振開;周美容;;2007年桂林市艾滋病哨點吸毒人群監(jiān)測結(jié)果報告[J];應(yīng)用預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2009年01期

3 羊海濤;艾滋病的流行及特征[J];江蘇衛(wèi)生保健;2004年04期

4 王冬梅;李群;劉小翠;劉海波;;某少數(shù)民族地區(qū)吸毒成癮初始原因調(diào)查分析[J];西南軍醫(yī);2008年02期

5 陳良寬;李文杰;麥榮建;劉昌錦;范子凡;陳振奮;馮進龐;;吸毒人群針具交換干預(yù)預(yù)防艾滋病傳播的效果評價[J];中國熱帶醫(yī)學(xué);2007年11期

6 曾光;第二代HIV/艾滋病監(jiān)測[J];中國性病艾滋病防治;1998年02期

7 羅艷,陳衛(wèi)永,陳樹昶,施世鋒,鄧晶,程潔,許珂,戴耀忠;吸毒人員艾滋病知識與相關(guān)高危行為的監(jiān)測[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2005年11期

8 魏小慶;劉祥;楊洋;張菊英;董利民;周敏;許寒;李群;馬驍;;對城市社區(qū)靜脈吸毒人群AIDS相關(guān)行為及同伴教育的分析性研究[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2006年06期

9 衛(wèi)大英;李新旭;阮玉華;胡薇;唐季康;郝春;尹潞;張言敏;陳康林;秦光明;韓麗濤;邵一鳴;;四川省西昌市靜脈吸毒人群梅毒感染狀況研究[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2007年04期

10 張巧利;王曉霞;陳柏芬;;東莞市吸毒人群艾滋病KABP及感染情況的調(diào)查[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2007年23期

本文編號：1785405