發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-22 03:26

  本文選題：吸毒人群 + 艾滋病　； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解蘇州市吸毒人群的社會(huì)人口學(xué)、艾滋病防治知識(shí)知曉率、吸毒種類(lèi)及方式、性行為情況等特征，了解吸毒人群的HIV、梅毒和HCV感染現(xiàn)狀，為控制吸毒人群中艾滋病的流行、加強(qiáng)艾滋病防范和對(duì)吸毒人群的矯治，針對(duì)性采取預(yù)防控制措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：以2009～2013年監(jiān)測(cè)期間蘇州市戒毒所內(nèi)所有新入所的吸毒人員為研究對(duì)象，采用中國(guó)CDC提供的統(tǒng)一調(diào)查表，邊訪(fǎng)談邊進(jìn)行調(diào)查；采集調(diào)查對(duì)象血清，檢測(cè)HIV抗體、梅毒抗體和HCV抗體，將監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一錄入艾滋病哨點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器和客戶(hù)端軟件，建立Excel2003數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，SPSS13.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果：調(diào)查共收集問(wèn)卷1804份，采集血樣1804份，問(wèn)卷有效率為100%；吸毒人群以男性為主，30歲以下年齡段占55.82%，未婚和在婚的比例較大，本省占51.66%，95.23%的調(diào)查對(duì)象為漢族人，文化程度以初中居多。吸毒人群對(duì)“蚊蟲(chóng)叮咬是否會(huì)傳播艾滋病”這一問(wèn)題的回答正確率為40.35%，其余知識(shí)問(wèn)題回答正確率達(dá)75%以上。 吸毒人群吸食毒品種類(lèi)主要以冰毒為主，占69.29%，其次為海洛因，占27.94%，男性吸毒人群海洛因的吸食率顯著高于女性，女性吸毒人群冰毒吸食率顯著高于男性，男性吸毒者注射毒品的注射率高于女性吸毒者，曾經(jīng)注射過(guò)毒品的吸毒者中，30%的吸毒者與他人共用過(guò)針具。 在最近一次，吸毒人群與固定性伴發(fā)生性行為時(shí)，安全套使用率僅占20%左右，與商業(yè)性伴發(fā)生商業(yè)性行為時(shí)，安全套使用率不到60%，吸毒人群接受到艾滋病預(yù)防干預(yù)服務(wù)目前仍以“安全套宣傳和發(fā)放/艾滋病咨詢(xún)與檢測(cè)”為主。 本次調(diào)查HIV感染陽(yáng)性數(shù)為18人，陽(yáng)性率為0.99%，梅毒陽(yáng)性人數(shù)83人，陽(yáng)性率4.60%，丙肝陽(yáng)性人數(shù)328人，陽(yáng)性率18.18%，少數(shù)民族、文化程度低、共用針具的注射吸毒人群感染HIV的危險(xiǎn)性大于漢族、文化程度高、未共用過(guò)針具的吸毒人群，OR值分別為15.784、0.058和5.778，女性感染梅毒的危險(xiǎn)性大于男性，OR=3.318。 結(jié)論：不同人口學(xué)特征的吸毒人群在艾滋病知識(shí)掌握情況、使用毒品、注射毒品、共用針具、性行為情況、HIV和梅毒感染現(xiàn)狀等方面均有顯著的差異，因此，要結(jié)合吸毒人群的特征開(kāi)展干預(yù)活動(dòng)，對(duì)少數(shù)民族地區(qū)普及艾滋病健康教育知識(shí)，，深入推廣清潔針具交換工作，在開(kāi)展艾滋病自愿咨詢(xún)檢測(cè)服務(wù)的時(shí)候，推薦吸毒人員同時(shí)進(jìn)行梅毒檢測(cè)，同時(shí)在開(kāi)展行為干預(yù)時(shí)要給以女性更多的關(guān)注。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the characteristics of social demography, knowledge rate of AIDS prevention and control, types and ways of drug use, and sexual behavior among drug users in Suzhou, and to understand the current situation of HIV, syphilis and HCV infection among drug users. In order to control the prevalence of AIDS among drug users, strengthen AIDS prevention and treatment of drug users, targeted prevention and control measures to provide scientific basis. Methods: during the surveillance period from 2009 to 2013, all the newly admitted drug users in the rehab in Suzhou City were selected as the research objects, and the HIV antibody was detected by using the unified questionnaire provided by CDC in China, while interviewing, collecting the sera of the investigated subjects, and detecting the HIV antibody. Syphilis antibody and HCV antibody, the surveillance data were input into the surveillance network server and client software, and the Excel2003 database was established to carry out statistical analysis by SPSS 13.0. Results: a total of 1804 questionnaires were collected, 1804 blood samples were collected, the effective rate of the questionnaire was 100. 55.82% of drug addicts were under 30 years of age, and the proportion of unmarried and married was relatively large. In this province, 51.66% of the respondents were Han people. Education level in junior high school is the majority. The correct rate of answer to the question "whether mosquito bites will spread AIDS" among drug addicts is 40.35, and the correct rate of other knowledge questions is more than 75%. The main drug types of drug users were methamphetamine (69.29%), followed by heroin (27.94%). The heroin consumption rate of male drug users was significantly higher than that of women, and that of female drug users was significantly higher than that of men. The injection rate of male drug users was higher than that of female drug users, and 30% of drug users who had injected drugs shared needles with others. Most recently, condom use among drug addicts was only about 20 percent when they had sex with a fixed partner, and when they had commercial sex with a commercial partner, Condom use rate is less than 60, drug users receive AIDS prevention and intervention services are still mainly "condom publicity and distribution / AIDS counseling and testing." The positive rate of HIV infection was 18, the positive rate was 0.99, the positive rate of syphilis was 83, the positive rate was 4.60, the positive rate of hepatitis C was 328, the positive rate was 18.18. The risk of HIV infection in injecting drug users who shared needles was higher than that in Han nationality. The OR values of drug users who did not share needles were 15.784n0.058 and 5.778respectively. The risk of syphilis infection in women was higher than that in males (OR3.318). Conclusion: there are significant differences in AIDS knowledge, drug use, injecting drug use, needle sharing, sexual behavior and HIV and syphilis infection among drug users with different demographic characteristics. It is necessary to carry out intervention activities in the light of the characteristics of drug users, popularize AIDS health education knowledge in ethnic minority areas, deepen the promotion of clean needle exchange, and carry out voluntary AIDS counselling and testing services. Drug users are recommended for simultaneous syphilis testing, while giving more attention to women when conducting behavioral interventions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R512.91;R749.64

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