本文選題：肺結(jié)核 + 流行病學(xué)��； 參考：《現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的了解2006-2015年青海省肺結(jié)核流行特征,為制定本省結(jié)核病防控策略和措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法采用描述流行病學(xué)的研究方法,對2006-2015年青海省報告的肺結(jié)核資料進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果 2006-2015年青海省共報告肺結(jié)核61 285例,10年累計發(fā)病率為479.75/10萬。藏區(qū)果洛州、玉樹州報告發(fā)病率最高,分別為305.79/10萬、254.97/10萬;西寧市、海東市較低,分別為78.94/10萬、78.83/10萬,藏區(qū)牧民發(fā)病是城市、農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)的3倍�；颊吣信詣e比為1.47∶1,青壯年發(fā)病多,其中20~44歲組發(fā)病人數(shù)最多,15歲以上病例占總病例數(shù)的96.95%。時間分布以2月份最少,4月份最多,每年的5月開始呈逐月下降的趨勢,11月、12月有所上升。職業(yè)以農(nóng)民、牧民和學(xué)生為主,分別占發(fā)病總數(shù)的43.12%、24.33%和7.87%,其中服務(wù)員、民工和長途駕駛員涂陽肺結(jié)核所占比例較高。涂陽肺結(jié)核所占比例呈下降趨勢,2014年下降明顯;西寧市、海東市涂陽肺結(jié)核所占比例較高,未痰檢比例果洛州、海南州較高。結(jié)論青海省肺結(jié)核報告發(fā)病率近十年呈平穩(wěn)趨勢,2015年有小幅上升,肺結(jié)核發(fā)病以春季、農(nóng)牧民、青壯年、男性多見,新型結(jié)核病防治服務(wù)模式推行后應(yīng)加強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)重視,切實落實保障政策,降低全省肺結(jié)核發(fā)病率。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies and measures in Qinghai province.Methods the data of pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results 61,285 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015, and the cumulative incidence in 10 years was 479.75 / 100 000.The reported incidence rate in Guoluo Prefecture and Yushu Prefecture in Tibetan region was the highest, which was 305.79 / 100 000 or 254.97 / 100 million respectively. Xining City and Haidong City were relatively low, 78.94 / 100 000 or 78.83 / 100 thousand respectively. The incidence of herdsmen in Tibetan areas was three times higher than that in cities and agricultural areas.The sex ratio of male to female was 1.47: 1, and the number of young and middle-aged patients was more than that of young adults, and the most common cases in the group of 20 ~ 44 years old were above 15 years old, which accounted for 96.95% of the total number of cases.The time distribution was the highest in February and April, with a monthly downward trend beginning in May and rising in November and December.The occupation was mainly farmers, herdsmen and students, accounting for 43.12% and 7.87% of the total incidence respectively, among which the proportion of workers, migrant workers and long-distance drivers with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was higher.The proportion of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis decreased obviously in 2014. The proportion of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Xining city and Haidong city was higher than that in Guoluo county and Hainan county.Conclusion the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai Province showed a steady trend in the past ten years, with a slight increase in 2015. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in spring, farmers and herdsmen, young adults and men is more common. After the implementation of the new TB prevention and control service model, the leadership should pay more attention to it.Carry out safeguard policy earnestly, reduce the incidence rate of tuberculosis of whole province.
【作者單位】： 青海省疾病預(yù)防控制中心;青海大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)系;
【分類號】：R521;R181.3

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