本文選題：狂犬病　切入點：暴露　出處：《現(xiàn)代預防醫(yī)學》2015年03期

【摘要】：目的分析重慶市狂犬病病例暴露和暴露后預防(Post-Exposure Prophylaxis,PEP)現(xiàn)狀,探討暴露特征和PEP水平,為加強防控提供科學依據(jù)。方法對2007-2012年重慶市狂犬病病例調(diào)查,內(nèi)容包括人口學、暴露史、PEP等流行病學信息,使用SPSS18.0進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果重慶市96.3%的狂犬病病例的感染源是犬,53.3%暴露于流浪犬,75.8%為Ⅲ度暴露,74.5%被主動襲擊;53.5%未對傷口做任何處理,傷口處理以自行處理為主(占49.3%),市轄區(qū)和市轄縣各指標差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。研究對象狂犬病暴露后疫苗和被動免疫制劑接種率分別僅為14.6%和2.6%,無任何形式的PEP者占52.2%,PEP規(guī)范率僅為1.31%。結(jié)論重慶市狂犬病病例的主要感染源是犬,主動襲擊是主要暴露原因,流浪犬管理亟待關(guān)注與解決,病例PEP規(guī)范水平低下是病例免疫失敗的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the current situation of Post-Exposure prophylaxis Pep (PEP) in rabies cases in Chongqing, to explore the characteristics of exposure and the level of PEP, and to provide scientific basis for strengthening prevention and control. Methods to investigate rabies cases in Chongqing from 2007 to 2012, including demography. Results the infection source of 96. 3% of rabies cases in Chongqing was 53.3% dogs exposed to stray dogs. 75.8% of them were exposed to the third degree of exposure. 74.5% of them were actively attacked. 53.5% of the cases did not deal with the wound. The wound treatment was mainly self-treatment (49.3%). There was no significant difference between municipal district and county. The vaccination rates of vaccine and passive immunization agent after rabies exposure were only 14.6% and 2.6%, respectively. There was no PEP in any form. The standard rate of PEP was only 1.31. Conclusion the main source of infection in rabies cases in Chongqing is dogs. Active attack is the main cause of exposure, the management of stray dogs needs to be paid close attention to and solved urgently. The low standard level of case PEP is the main reason for the failure of case immunization.
【作者單位】： 重慶市疾病預防控制中心;
【分類號】：R512.99

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