發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-28 18:13

  本文選題：麻疹　切入點(diǎn)：風(fēng)疹　出處：《公共衛(wèi)生與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)》2016年05期

【摘要】：目的探討大型企業(yè)麻疹、風(fēng)疹混合暴發(fā)的流行特征,總結(jié)有效的疫情處置經(jīng)驗(yàn)。方法收集個(gè)案流行病學(xué)信息,采用描述性方法對(duì)本次疫情進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析。結(jié)果 2014年12月至2015年4月浦東新區(qū)發(fā)生大型企業(yè)麻疹和風(fēng)疹混合流行,確診麻疹病例33例(罹患率4.88/萬),其中8人同時(shí)確診為風(fēng)疹(罹患率1.18/萬),病例年齡(25.18±4.43)歲,臨床癥狀典型,疫情持續(xù)97 d,同期新區(qū)外來人口麻疹發(fā)病率0.34/萬(RR=14.07,95%CI=9.44~20.98,χ2=292.1,P0.001。盡管采取大范圍麻疹類疫苗應(yīng)急接種,但此次流行并未迅速終止。結(jié)論建議對(duì)流動(dòng)人口采取免疫預(yù)防長(zhǎng)效管理機(jī)制,入職時(shí)接種麻疹風(fēng)疹聯(lián)合疫苗,建立有效免疫屏障非常必要;加強(qiáng)大型企業(yè)傳染病監(jiān)測(cè),盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)疫情,即時(shí)落實(shí)"免疫為主,綜合防治"措施,有效控制疫情蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics of measles and rubella outbreaks in large enterprises, and to summarize the effective experience in dealing with measles and rubella. A descriptive method was used to investigate and analyze the epidemic. Results from December 2014 to April 2015, a mixed epidemic of measles and rubella occurred in large enterprises in Pudong New area. 33 cases of measles were diagnosed (the attack rate was 4.88 / 10000), and 8 of them were diagnosed with rubella (attack rate of 11. 18 / 10 000). The age of the cases was 25. 18 鹵4. 43 years. The clinical symptoms were typical. In the same period, the incidence of measles was 0.34 / 100.75%, 蠂 2 + 292.1% P 0.001.Although a wide range of measles vaccination was taken, the epidemic did not stop quickly. Conclusion the long-term mechanism of immunization should be adopted for the floating population. It is very necessary to establish an effective immune barrier by inoculating measles rubella vaccine and strengthening the surveillance of infectious diseases in large enterprises to detect the epidemic situation as soon as possible and to implement the measures of "immunization as the main body and comprehensive prevention and control" immediately to effectively control the spread of the epidemic.
【作者單位】： 上海市浦東新區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心復(fù)旦大學(xué)浦東預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)研究院;
【分類號(hào)】：R511;R181.3

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