本文選題：艾滋病　切入點(diǎn)：男性性行為人群　出處：《中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：背景我國(guó)的艾滋病防控工作取得明顯進(jìn)展,但經(jīng)男性同性性行為傳播艾滋病的形勢(shì)依然嚴(yán)峻。盡管近年來(lái)提出和實(shí)施了一系列干預(yù)策略,但防治效果仍然不夠理想。男性性行為人群是個(gè)典型的亞文化群體,其艾滋病傳播不僅受到生物因素的影響,更受到社會(huì)文化因素的影響。回顧既往研究,對(duì)影響該人群艾滋病傳播的社會(huì)文化因素認(rèn)識(shí)不足,缺乏深入解讀與分析,可能導(dǎo)致構(gòu)建的策略缺乏文化方面的適宜性,使目標(biāo)人群的可接受性降低。因此,對(duì)影響男性性行為人群艾滋病高危行為的社會(huì)文化影響因素進(jìn)行深入探索,才可能提出更有效的策略與措施。目的了解社會(huì)文化因素和男性性行為人群的社區(qū)亞文化對(duì)該人群心理和行為的影響,以及對(duì)艾滋病傳播產(chǎn)生的影響。探索影響艾滋病防治服務(wù)提供的社會(huì)文化因素,并提出改進(jìn)干預(yù)效果的策略建議。方法本研究采用定性研究方法,于2015年6月至2016年8月,綜合考慮男性性行為人群的規(guī)模、疫情和地理分布等因素,選取中國(guó)10個(gè)城市的男性性行為人群進(jìn)行面對(duì)面的個(gè)人深入訪談。此外,還組織部分現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的艾滋病防治服務(wù)提供者(主要包括調(diào)查現(xiàn)場(chǎng)提供艾滋病防治服務(wù)的工作人員和社區(qū)組織成員)進(jìn)行焦點(diǎn)小組訪談。由調(diào)查現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的疾病預(yù)防控制中心及社區(qū)組織根據(jù)開放性抽樣的原則招募訪談對(duì)象。訪談內(nèi)容主要圍繞幾方面:1)社會(huì)外部文化因素對(duì)男性性行為人群性觀念、性行為和艾滋病傳播的影響;2)男性性行為人群的社區(qū)亞文化及其特點(diǎn),以及對(duì)某些高危行為的社會(huì)文化視角解讀;3)探討影響艾滋病防治服務(wù)效果、目標(biāo)人群可接受性的社會(huì)文化影響因素。訪談資料采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)錄音的方式進(jìn)行采集。應(yīng)用Nvivo11軟件對(duì)訪談資料進(jìn)行編碼,共形成477個(gè)初始編碼,40個(gè)二級(jí)編碼和8個(gè)主題。結(jié)果本研究共招募個(gè)人訪談對(duì)象81人。訪談對(duì)象的年齡主要集中在25-34歲(40.7%),入圈時(shí)間多為10年或以上(59.3%),文化程度多為大專及以上學(xué)歷(62.9%),職業(yè)主要為服務(wù)業(yè)(21.0%)、NGO專職/兼職(27.2%)),婚姻狀況以未婚為主(70.4%),戶籍地以非本地為主(83.9%) , HIV抗體狀態(tài)以陰性為主(84.0%)。另外,開展焦點(diǎn)小組訪談8次,共計(jì)70人參加。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)主要圍繞5個(gè)方面:1)社會(huì)規(guī)范與社會(huì)認(rèn)同一方面使男性性行為人群的隱蔽性增加,阻礙親密關(guān)系的構(gòu)建,并對(duì)自我認(rèn)同產(chǎn)生消極影響;另一方面,社會(huì)不認(rèn)同所造成的歧視使得干預(yù)服務(wù)的覆蓋面受到影響,也是造成艾滋病感染者故意傳播的重要誘因。2)傳統(tǒng)文化壓力下男性性行為人群的異性婚姻,使該人群成為艾滋病傳播的“橋梁人群”;傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)男性性行為人群行為缺乏約束,一定程度上促進(jìn)了性行為的開放性和隨意性;傳統(tǒng)文化也在一定程度上阻礙了性教育的開展。3)社會(huì)文化發(fā)展對(duì)男性性行為人群的性觀念和性行為產(chǎn)生了巨大影響,主要體現(xiàn)在交友格局的陌生人化和社會(huì)認(rèn)同與自我認(rèn)同的改善等。4)男性性行為人群社區(qū)亞文化中忽視性健康、享樂主義、性關(guān)系的多元化與開放性等特點(diǎn)對(duì)艾滋病的傳播造成不利影響。5)目前艾滋病防治服務(wù)提供過程中存在著與目標(biāo)人群亞文化相沖突和不適應(yīng)之處,影響了防治服務(wù)的效果。以“從社區(qū)中來(lái),到社區(qū)中去”為指導(dǎo)思想,本研究提出了提高艾滋病防治效果的創(chuàng)新策略建議。結(jié)論社會(huì)文化因素對(duì)男性性行為人群的心理和行為有著重要影響,與艾滋病傳播有密切關(guān)聯(lián)。社會(huì)規(guī)范、社會(huì)認(rèn)同、傳統(tǒng)文化及社會(huì)文化的發(fā)展變化等社會(huì)文化因素對(duì)MSM人群亞文化有著重要的建構(gòu)作用。目前MSM人群的社區(qū)亞文化存在忽視健康需求、享樂主義和性關(guān)系的多元性與開放性等不利于艾滋病防治的特點(diǎn)。只有結(jié)合MSM人群的亞文化構(gòu)建防治策略,在社區(qū)中形成“愛己、愛他、責(zé)任”的核心價(jià)值觀,引導(dǎo)亞文化向積極、健康的方向發(fā)展,才能有效地減少高危行為,遏制艾滋病在MSM人群中的傳播。
[Abstract]:Significant progress has been made in the background of China's AIDS prevention and control work, but the male same-sex sexual transmission of HIV / AIDS situation is still grim. Although in recent years, proposed and implemented a series of intervention strategies, but the control effect is still not ideal. Male behavior crowd is a typical Ya Wen group, the spread of AIDS is not only affected by biological factors that is more influenced by cultural factors. Review of previous studies, the lack of understanding of the social and cultural factors that influence the spread of AIDS in this population, the lack of in-depth interpretation and analysis, the suitability of construction strategies may lead to lack of culture, so that the acceptability of the target population is reduced. Therefore, in-depth exploration of social and cultural factors influencing on AIDS high-risk behavior influence male sexual behavior, can we propose strategies and measures more effective. To understand the social and cultural factors and male sex Influence of community subculture of crowd psychology and behavior of the crowd, and the influence on the spread of AIDS. To explore the social and cultural factors influencing the AIDS prevention and control services, and puts forward some strategic suggestions to improve the interventions. Methods this study used qualitative research methods, from June 2015 to August 2016, considering the size of the crowd of male sexual behavior the epidemic, and the geographical distribution of population and other factors, selection of male sexual behavior Chinese 10 city face-to-face personal interviews. In addition, also organized the scene of some of the AIDS prevention service providers (including the investigation site for AIDS prevention and control staff and community members) focus group interviews. By the on-site investigation center for Disease Control and prevention and community organizations according to the open recruitment interview object sampling principle mainly focuses on several interviews. : 1) the external cultural and social factors on male sexual behavior in sexual attitudes, sexual behavior and influence the spread of AIDS; 2) male sexual behavior among community sub culture and its characteristics, as well as some of the high-risk behavior social cultural perspective; 3) to investigate the effects of AIDS prevention and control effect of the target population, acceptable social and cultural factors the effect of the interview data. By recording the way acquisition. The interview data encoding using Nvivo11 software, a total of 477 initial encoding level two and 40, encoding 8 topics. The results of this study were recruited and interviewed 81 people. Personal interview objects are mainly concentrated in the age of 25-34 years old (40.7%). The time for 10 years or more (59.3%), education for college and above (62.9%), the main occupation for the service industry (21%), NGO (27.2%) full-time / Part-time), marital status unmarried. (70.4%), Hukou In the non local (83.9%), HIV antibody to negative bacilli (84%). In addition, carry out focus group interviews 8 times, a total of 70 people participated in this study. Found mainly around 5 aspects: 1) social norms and social identity on the one hand the male behavior crowd concealment increased, building block intimacy the relationship between, and have a negative impact on the self identity; on the other hand, social identity caused by the discrimination intervention coverage affected, also contributed to an important cause of.2 AIDS deliberately spread) crowd sexual behavior in traditional culture under the pressure of heterosexual marriage, so that the people become the spread of AIDS "bridge population" the traditional culture; the lack of constraints on male sexual behavior of crowd behavior, to a certain extent promoted the open sex and randomness; traditional culture also hindered the sex education to some extent.3 agency) Will have great influence on male sexual behavior in the cultural development and the concept of sexual behavior, mainly reflected in the pattern of the stranger and friends of social identity and self identity and improved.4) neglect of sexual health, sexual behavior in community population in the sub culture of hedonism, the relationship of the characteristics of diversity and openness of communication aids caused by the adverse effects of.5) at present AIDS prevention services exist in the process of conflict with the target population and sub cultural maladjustment, affect the control effect. In order to service "from the community, to the community" as the guiding ideology, this study proposes suggestions for improving the innovation strategy effect of AIDS prevention. There is an important social and cultural factors affecting the conclusion of psychology and behavior of male sexual behavior of the crowd, has a close relationship with the spread of AIDS. Social norms, social identity, traditional culture and society Social and cultural factors of cultural development change has an important role in the construction of the MSM population subculture. At present the sub culture of the community MSM people ignore health needs, hedonism and relationship between pluralism and openness is not conducive to the prevention and control of AIDS. Only the combination of characteristics of control strategies for the construction of sub culture MSM group, formed "love yourself, love him in the community, the core value of responsibility" concept, guide the sub culture to the positive and healthy direction, can effectively reduce high-risk behavior, curb the spread of AIDS in the MSM population.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R512.91

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉謙;生龍曲珍;;中國(guó)艾滋病疫情防治影響因素的社會(huì)文化分析[J];社會(huì)建設(shè);2017年01期

2 楊丹;鄭力;張江輝;王薇;;NVivo軟件在護(hù)理質(zhì)性研究資料分析中的應(yīng)用體會(huì)——基于臨床護(hù)理教師在實(shí)習(xí)生帶教中微信應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)案例[J];護(hù)理與康復(fù);2016年07期

3 趙柯;鄭瓊月;;“90后”大學(xué)生同性戀觀念的關(guān)注行為及影響因素分析[J];中國(guó)市場(chǎng);2016年19期

4 殷濤;尹德盧;秦坤;余瑞芳;景琳;黃金虎;金承剛;毛春芳;張向東;陳博文;;我國(guó)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)簽約服務(wù)情況調(diào)查[J];中華醫(yī)院管理雜志;2016年03期

5 孫江平;;再談知識(shí)、行為與艾滋病[J];中華預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2015年11期

6 何慧婧;呂繁;;社會(huì)文化因素對(duì)男男性行為人群艾滋病傳播的影響[J];中華預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2015年11期

7 劉家虹;袁兆康;廖清華;龔正華;付俊;胡敏;;江西省2013-2014年男男性行為人群艾滋病哨點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果分析[J];衛(wèi)生軟科學(xué);2015年09期

8 楊慧云;吳貽樂;孫業(yè)桓;王君;姚輝;張洪波;趙雪;陳健;;安徽省MSM社群內(nèi)艾滋病相關(guān)羞辱和歧視的差序格局研究[J];中華疾病控制雜志;2015年06期

9 熊明洲;洪福昌;蔡于茂;彭景輿;吳肖冰;藍(lán)麗娜;劉愛忠;馮鐵建;;同性戀心理社會(huì)學(xué)成因研究進(jìn)展[J];醫(yī)學(xué)與哲學(xué)(A);2015年03期

10 馬彥民;李寧;孫定勇;聶玉剛;李潔;王哲;;河南省2008—2013年男男性行為人群艾滋病流行趨勢(shì)分析[J];中華流行病學(xué)雜志;2015年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 楊慧云;MSM社群內(nèi)艾滋病相關(guān)羞辱和歧視研究[D];安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué);2015年

2 張培斐;同性戀身份認(rèn)同研究[D];西南大學(xué);2014年

3 周爽;重慶市男男性行為人群艾滋病性病感染率及其影響因素研究[D];第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué);2013年

4 劉雅瓊;高危性行為人群性傳播疾病暴露風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及危害新問題的研究[D];第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué);2013年

5 蔣均;在場(chǎng)所活動(dòng)的男男性行為人群HIV檢測(cè)情況及其影響因素研究[D];安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué);2013年

6 石婷;同性婚姻合法化探析[D];山東大學(xué);2013年

7 薛黎堅(jiān);男男性行為人群高危行為及影響因素研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2012年

8 蔡詠梅;群體性事件社會(huì)心理?xiàng)l件的質(zhì)化研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2012年

9 鄭小英;HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活質(zhì)量和相關(guān)心理社會(huì)因素的研究[D];山西醫(yī)科大學(xué);2011年

10 于明潤(rùn);北京市男男性行為者HIV/STDS流行病學(xué)研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：1567649