發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 01:00

  本文選題：水痘　切入點(diǎn)：應(yīng)急接種　出處：《復(fù)旦學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版)》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的分析《上海市水痘疫苗應(yīng)急接種實(shí)施方案(2013年—2014年試行版)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《方案》)執(zhí)行前后,閔行區(qū)水痘爆發(fā)疫情的變化情況,評(píng)價(jià)水痘減毒活疫苗應(yīng)急接種的作用。方法通過(guò)橫斷面調(diào)查收集"中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制信息系統(tǒng)"中報(bào)告的閔行區(qū)水痘暴發(fā)疫情監(jiān)測(cè)的相關(guān)資料�！斗桨浮穲�(zhí)行前后的觀察期分別為2012年1月1日至2013年6月30日和2013年7月1日至2014年12月31日。結(jié)果《方案》執(zhí)行前,閔行區(qū)共報(bào)告水痘疫情14起,均上升為爆發(fā)疫情,持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的82天,平均每起疫情持續(xù)50.86天(712/14),累計(jì)代次2.42代(50.86/21),發(fā)病159人,總罹患率為1.26%(159/12 625),班級(jí)罹患率為9.09%(159/1 750),每起疫情平均發(fā)病11.36人(159/14),平均發(fā)病班級(jí)3.21個(gè)(45/14);《方案》執(zhí)行后,閔行區(qū)共報(bào)告水痘疫情169起,其中22起上升為爆發(fā)疫情,持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的66天,平均每起疫情持續(xù)41.32天(909/22),累計(jì)代次1.97代(41.32/21),發(fā)病200人,總罹患率1.10%(200/18 200),班級(jí)罹患率為8.38%(200/2387),每起疫情平均發(fā)病9.09人(200/22),平均發(fā)病班級(jí)2.50(55/22)個(gè)。雖然《方案》執(zhí)行后,閔行區(qū)水痘疫情大幅度增加,但是水痘爆發(fā)疫情在水痘疫情中的占比明顯下降,總罹患率、班級(jí)罹患率,疫情最長(zhǎng)持續(xù)時(shí)間、平均持續(xù)時(shí)間、累計(jì)代次,每起疫情平均發(fā)病人數(shù)、平均發(fā)病班級(jí)數(shù)等均有不同程度下降,平均持續(xù)時(shí)間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=4.06,P0.05)。結(jié)論高危人群中水痘疫苗應(yīng)急接種能有效控制疫情蔓延范圍,降低續(xù)發(fā)病例發(fā)生的可能性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the changes of the varicella outbreak in Minhang District before and after the implementation of the "implementation Plan of Shanghai Chickenpox Vaccine Emergency vaccination (2013-2014 trial version)" (hereinafter referred to as "the Plan") before and after the implementation of the program. Methods through cross-sectional investigation, we collected the relevant information on the surveillance of varicella outbreak in Minhang District, which was reported in "China Disease Prevention and Control Information system". The observation periods were from January 1st 2012 to June 30th 2013 and July 1st 2013 to July 1st 2013. Results before the implementation of the program, A total of 14 chickenpox outbreaks were reported in Minhang District, all of which rose to outbreaks. The longest duration was 82 days. The average duration of each outbreak was 50.86 days or 712 / 14, with a cumulative number of 2.42 generations of 50.86 / 21, with 159 people suffering from the disease. The total attack rate was 1.26 / 159 / 12,625, and the class attack rate was 9.09 / 1.750%. The average incidence of each outbreak was 11.36 people, and the average class was 3.21 / 45 / 14. After the implementation of the program, a total of 169 chickenpox outbreaks were reported in Minhang District, of which 22 were reported as outbreaks, with the longest duration of 66 days. The average outbreak lasted 41.32 days, 909 / 22, a cumulative number of 1.97 generations 41.32 / 21, a total of 200 people, a total attack rate of 1.10 / 200 / 18 / 200, a class attack rate of 8.38 / 200 / 2387, an average of 9.09 people per outbreak / 200 / 22, an average of 2.50 / 5522 / 2. Although after the implementation of the program, The number of chickenpox outbreaks in Minhang District increased by a large margin, but the proportion of chickenpox outbreaks in the chickenpox epidemic decreased significantly. The total attack rate, class attack rate, the longest duration of the epidemic, the average duration, the cumulative number of generations, The average number of patients and the average class number of each outbreak decreased in different degrees, and the difference of average duration was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 4.06) P 0.05. Conclusion the emergency vaccination of varicella vaccine in high risk population can effectively control the spread of the epidemic. Reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
【作者單位】： 上海市閔行區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【基金】：上海市第四輪公共衛(wèi)生三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃高端海外研修團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃(GWTD2015S05) 上海市研究生教育創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃~~
【分類號(hào)】：R186;R511.5

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