本文關(guān)鍵詞： 諾如病毒 急性胃腸炎 暴發(fā)疫情 學生食堂　出處：《中國農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生事業(yè)管理》2016年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的:調(diào)查和分析浙江省某中學一起急性胃腸炎暴發(fā)疫情的病原和危險因素,為采取針對性的防控措施提供科學依據(jù)。方法:制定病例定義,運用描述性和分析性流行病學方法對該起疫情進行流行特征和危險因素分析,采集留樣食品、直飲水、桶裝水、井水、案板餐具涂抹物和病例肛拭子標本進行諾如病毒核酸檢測,直飲水、桶裝水、井水和案板餐具涂抹物標本同時進行細菌總數(shù)和大腸菌群的衛(wèi)生學檢測。結(jié)果該起疫情首發(fā)病例發(fā)病時間為1月22日,末例病例發(fā)病時間為2月10日,累計報告病例233例,罹患率為13.67%(233/1705)。病例對照結(jié)果顯示,學生食堂用餐每日≥2次(χ~2=12.46,P=0.00)和發(fā)病前看到過別人嘔吐物(χ~2=13.14,P=0.00)是導致本次疫情的可能危險因素;飯前便后洗手(χ~2=23.57,P=0.00)是導致本次疫情的保護因素。23例患者的肛拭子標本中有10份檢測出諾如病毒GⅡ型陽性,標本的衛(wèi)生學指標均正常。結(jié)論:該起事件是由于GⅡ型諾如病毒引起的急性胃腸炎暴發(fā)疫情,學生食堂餐具和患者嘔吐物的暴露可能是本次暴發(fā)疫情的主要危險因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the etiology and risk factors of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a middle school in Zhejiang province, and to provide scientific basis for taking targeted prevention and control measures. The epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of the epidemic were analyzed by descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods. The samples were collected, such as food samples, direct drinking water, bottled water, well water, etc. Tableware smears and anal swabs of patients were examined for norovirus nucleic acid, drinking water, bottled water, The samples of well water and tableware smear were detected by both the total number of bacteria and the hygiene of coliform bacteria. Results the onset time of the first case was January 22nd, and the last case was February 10th. The cumulative reported cases were 233 cases. The rate of attack was 13.67 / 173 / 1705. The results of case control showed that the risk factors of the epidemic were students' dining room meals 鈮，

本文編號：1503666