【摘要】：研究背景 肝臟疾患是影響人類生活質(zhì)量和生命健康的重要疾病之一。不管其病因如何，這些疾病都將逐漸發(fā)展，演變?yōu)楦卫w維化或肝硬化，最終出現(xiàn)肝臟功能衰竭。對于各種類型的終末期肝病，肝移植在理論上應(yīng)該為最理想的治療選擇。但由于供體缺乏及保存供體的時間限制的原因，很多病人在等待肝移植的過程中即死亡。 生物人工肝系統(tǒng)能使終末期肝病病人橋接肝移植。肝細胞具有強大的再生能力，臨時應(yīng)用生物人工肝系統(tǒng)也可以解決急性肝功能的失代償，促進肝細胞再生，肝功能可以暫時恢復(fù)，爭取到等待肝移植的時間。經(jīng)過幾十年的研究，生物人工肝系統(tǒng)已從非生物型、生物型人工肝系統(tǒng)發(fā)展到混合型人工肝系統(tǒng)，國內(nèi)外已經(jīng)有不少種類的人工肝系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于臨床。肝細胞是生物人工肝系統(tǒng)的主要生物成分，，生物人工肝系統(tǒng)的支持作用主要來源于肝細胞的生物代謝功能。然而肝細胞不易在體外培養(yǎng)生長，如何獲得高質(zhì)量、來源豐富的肝細胞是生物人工肝和干細胞移植面臨的共同問題。 目前肝細胞來源主要是人源性肝細胞和動物源性肝細胞，但都各有不同的缺陷。最為理想的是能在體外培養(yǎng)且保持肝細胞特性和功能的肝細胞，這種細胞必須具有合成代謝、解毒和生物轉(zhuǎn)化功能并能長期存活，可以大量擴增，解決
[Abstract]:Background liver disease is one of the most important diseases affecting the quality of life and health of human beings. Regardless of the etiology, these diseases develop gradually, leading to liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and ultimately liver failure. For various types of end-stage liver disease, liver transplantation should theoretically be the best treatment option. However, due to the lack of donors and the time limit of donor preservation, many patients died while waiting for liver transplantation. The bioartificial liver system can bridge liver transplantation in patients with end-stage liver disease. The temporary application of bioartificial liver system can also solve the decompensation of acute liver function and promote the regeneration of liver cells. The liver function can be temporarily recovered and the time of waiting for liver transplantation can be obtained. After decades of research, bioartificial liver system has been developed from abiotic and biological artificial liver system to mixed artificial liver system. Many kinds of artificial liver system have been applied in clinic at home and abroad. Hepatocytes are the main biological components of the bioartificial liver system, and the supporting function of the bioartificial liver system is mainly derived from the biological metabolic function of the hepatocytes. However, it is difficult for hepatocytes to grow in vitro. How to obtain high quality and abundant hepatocytes is a common problem in bioartificial liver and stem cell transplantation. At present, the main sources of hepatocytes are human hepatocytes and animal derived hepatocytes, but they all have different defects. Ideally, hepatocytes that can be cultured in vitro and maintain the characteristics and functions of hepatocytes must have the functions of synthesis, detoxification and biotransformation, and can survive for a long time, and can be expanded in large quantities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第一軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R329.2

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