【摘要】：目的： 進(jìn)一步深入闡明面部淺表肌肉腱膜系統(tǒng)(superfical musculoaponeuroticsystem，SMAS)的解剖學(xué)特點(diǎn)，為臨床面部除皺術(shù)中施行面部SMAS下廣泛剝離時(shí)，防止或減少面神經(jīng)的損傷提供重要形態(tài)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，為面部除皺術(shù)的手術(shù)提供解剖學(xué)依據(jù)。 材料與方法： 1．常規(guī)福爾馬林固定的面部無(wú)破損的成人頭部標(biāo)本20側(cè)(男性8側(cè)，女性12側(cè))和新鮮成人女尸頭部標(biāo)本6側(cè)，逐層剝離皮膚和淺筋膜。剝離淺筋膜后，首先沿下頜骨下緣至下頜角，切斷頸闊肌，然后沿耳屏向上入發(fā)際(高出眉弓)，逐層切開(kāi)并向前掀起各層軟組織，結(jié)合手術(shù)顯微鏡觀(guān)察面中部組織層次的形態(tài)學(xué)特點(diǎn)、面神經(jīng)等結(jié)構(gòu)與組織的層次關(guān)系； 2．測(cè)量在耳輪上點(diǎn)與外眥上點(diǎn)的連線(xiàn)上和耳屏上切跡點(diǎn)與外眥點(diǎn)的連線(xiàn)上，面神經(jīng)的額支所經(jīng)過(guò)的相對(duì)位置； 3．選擇4側(cè)新鮮標(biāo)本，同一標(biāo)本面部取4個(gè)部位做面部軟組織的常規(guī)斷層切片，結(jié)合顯微鏡下觀(guān)察面部不同部位軟組織的層次特點(diǎn)及其相對(duì)應(yīng)的移行關(guān)系。 結(jié)果： SMAS位于皮下脂肪的深面，是由頸闊肌及其包膜向面部延續(xù)而來(lái)的，向上延續(xù)為顳淺筋膜，經(jīng)顳淺筋膜與額部的表情肌相連，向前連于顴大肌。SMAS是頭面頸部的淺筋膜(即皮下脂肪組織)和深筋膜(包括頸部深筋膜、腮腺咬肌筋膜、顳深筋膜)之間的一個(gè)獨(dú)立的組織層次。面神經(jīng)的五大分支在腮腺邊
[Abstract]:Objective: to further elucidate the anatomical features of the superficial muscle aponeurosis system (superfical musculoaponeuroticsystem,SMAS) in order to perform extensive facial SMAS dissection in clinical facial rhytidectomy. Prevention or reduction of facial nerve injury provides an important morphological basis and provides anatomical basis for facial rhytidectomy. Materials and methods: 1. Routine formalin fixation of the face of 20 adult head specimens without damage (male 8 sides, 12 sides of female) and 6 sides of fresh adult female cadaver head, skin and superficial fascia were removed layer by layer. After peeling off the superficial fascia, first cut off the latissimus cervicalis along the lower margin of the mandible to the angle of the mandible, and then along the ear, upward into the hairline (high above the brow arch), cut the layers of soft tissue layer by layer and lift the soft tissue forward. The morphological characteristics of the middle facial tissue and the relationship between the facial nerve structure and the tissue were observed with the operation microscope. 2. The relative position of the frontal branch of the facial nerve was measured on the line between the superior point of the auricle and the point of the upper lateral canthus and the line between the incisor point and the point of the outer canthus. 3. 4 sides of fresh specimens were selected and 4 parts of the same specimen were taken from the face to make routine sectional sections of the soft tissue of the face. The hierarchical characteristics of soft tissue in different parts of the face and the corresponding transference relationship were observed under microscope. Results: SMAS was located on the deep surface of subcutaneous fat and continued from the latissimus cervicis and its capsule to the face, and upward to the superficial temporal fascia. The superficial temporal fascia is connected to the facial muscles of the frontal part and is connected to the zygomaticus major muscle. SMAS is the superficial fascia (subcutaneous adipose tissue) and the deep fascia (including the cervical deep fascia, the parotid masseter fascia) of the head and neck. A separate layer of tissue between the deep temporal fascia. The five branches of the facial nerve are on the parotid side
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R322

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