【摘要】：利什曼病是WHO/TDR列出的對(duì)人類危害嚴(yán)重的六類熱帶病之一。利什曼原蟲(chóng)屬包含很多不同的種和亞種,其分類相當(dāng)復(fù)雜。在世界范圍內(nèi),利什曼原蟲(chóng)不同的種及亞種可引起不同類型的利什曼病,它們具有不同的流行病學(xué)特征。利什曼原蟲(chóng)種株的分析和鑒定對(duì)于提高臨床療效、控制此病的流行有重要意義。在我國(guó),主要流行的是由杜氏利什曼原蟲(chóng)(Leishmania donovani,L.d.)導(dǎo)致的內(nèi)臟利什曼病,即黑熱病。該病對(duì)人體危害嚴(yán)重,是威脅患者生命的人獸共患病。我國(guó)的內(nèi)臟利什曼病流行區(qū)根據(jù)地理分布和傳染源不同分為荒漠型(野生動(dòng)物源型)、山丘型(犬源型)和平原型(人源型),不同疫區(qū)的內(nèi)臟利什曼病在患者發(fā)病年齡、治療效果、是否易復(fù)發(fā)和有無(wú)保蟲(chóng)宿主等方面有著明顯的差異,但病原體形態(tài)難以區(qū)別。傳統(tǒng)的種株分析方法主要依據(jù)地理位置、臨床表現(xiàn)、流行病學(xué)特征、原蟲(chóng)形態(tài)等外在特征進(jìn)行分類,這對(duì)確定我國(guó)不同疫區(qū)利什曼原蟲(chóng)種株之間的關(guān)系往往不夠。在現(xiàn)代分類研究中,分子生物學(xué)技術(shù)的運(yùn)用越來(lái)越多。多年以來(lái),為從分子水平揭示我國(guó)不同疫區(qū)利什曼原蟲(chóng)種株間的差異,從而為黑熱病的防治提供科學(xué)依據(jù),在該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了許多極有意義的研究,如對(duì)利什曼原蟲(chóng)kDNA、nDNA的研究,用kDNA PCR-SSCP、RAPD分析等多種方法對(duì)我國(guó)不同疫區(qū)利什曼原蟲(chóng)分離株進(jìn)行它們之間同源性的分析及種株鑒定。但由于其復(fù)雜性,出現(xiàn)了一些不一致的結(jié)論。因此我們有必要進(jìn)一步
[Abstract]:Leishmaniasis is one of the six serious tropical diseases listed by WHO/TDR. Leishmania consists of many different species and subspecies, and its taxonomy is quite complex. In the world, different species and subspecies of Leishmania spp can cause different types of leishmaniasis, and they have different epidemiological characteristics. The analysis and identification of Leishmania protozoa strains is of great significance in improving the clinical efficacy and controlling the prevalence of the disease. In China, the main epidemic is by the Leishmania du Leishmania protozoa (Leishmania donovani,L.d.) The resulting visceral leishmaniasis is leishmaniasis, or leishmaniasis. The disease is a serious threat to the human body, is a life-threatening zoonosis. Visceral leishmaniasis (visceral leishmaniasis) is divided into desert type (wild animal type), hilly type (canine type) and archetype (human type) according to geographical distribution and source of infection in China. Visceral leishmaniasis (visceral leishmaniasis) in different epidemic areas is at the onset age of the patients. There were significant differences in the therapeutic effect, recurrence and host, but it was difficult to distinguish the morphology of pathogens. The traditional species and plant analysis methods are mainly classified according to geographical location, clinical manifestations, epidemiological characteristics, protozoa morphology and other external characteristics, which is often insufficient to determine the relationship between Leishmania species strains in different epidemic areas of China. In the modern taxonomy research, molecular biology technology is applied more and more. In order to reveal the differences of Leishmania protozoa species in different epidemic areas of China at molecular level and to provide scientific basis for the control of leishmaniasis, many meaningful studies have been carried out in this field, such as the study of Leishmania protozoa kDNA,nDNA. The homology and species identification of Leishmania spp isolates in different epidemic areas of China were analyzed by kDNA PCR-SSCP,RAPD analysis. However, due to its complexity, there are some inconsistent conclusions. So we need to go further.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：R383

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