本文選題：蛔蟲　切入點：基因型　出處：《南昌大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 似蚓蛔線蟲即俗稱人蛔蟲(Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus，1758)是世界上流行地域最廣、感染人數(shù)最多的病原生物之一，嚴(yán)重危害人類健康；而豬蛔蟲(Ascaris suum Goeze，1782)則是造成生豬感染的最常見寄生蟲，可造成巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。長期以來這兩者的分類學(xué)地位一直存在爭議。近幾年，DNA技術(shù)應(yīng)用于蛔蟲種群的遺傳研究，獲得了一些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。先前的研究表明，來自人體和豬體的蛔蟲存在著不同的基因型，并且不同基因型的蛔蟲在小鼠和豬體內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出宿主寄生特異性差異，但這種差異是否和幼蟲在宿主體內(nèi)移行和分布有關(guān)，尚不清楚。本文對此進行了研究． 本研究在實驗條件控制下，用不同基因型(G1型和G3型)蛔蟲感染期卵經(jīng)食道感染C57BL／6雄性小鼠160只(感染劑量為1000個蟲卵／每鼠)在感染早期(即感染后2h、4h、6h、8h、10h和12h)和中后期(即感染后1d、3d、5d、7d、9d、11d、15d、20d、25d和34d)的每個時間段各組解剖5只小鼠，檢測小腸和大腸的蟲卵和幼蟲數(shù)量，以及血液，胸腔液，腹腔液，肝臟和肺部的幼蟲數(shù)量，比較其在小鼠體內(nèi)的移行和分布是否存在差異。 結(jié)果顯示，G1型蟲卵和G3型蟲卵在小鼠腸道孵化存在數(shù)量和部位差異。G1型孵化的幼蟲數(shù)明顯多于G3型幼蟲，提示小鼠腸道環(huán)境對于G3型蟲卵孵化可能不很適宜；G1型蟲卵的孵化部位為小腸和大腸，而G3型孵化部位主要在大腸。兩種基因型幼蟲在小鼠臟器移行途徑基本相同，但最早到達各臟器和消失時間存在差異。兩種基因型幼蟲在小鼠臟器的分布有所差異，G1型幼蟲在各臟器的檢出數(shù)明顯多于G3型幼蟲。感染后臟器平均重量觀察結(jié)果表明，G1型蛔蟲對于宿主脾臟重量的影響和損害明顯大于G3型蟲卵感染組，提示兩種基因型蛔蟲引起的宿主免疫反應(yīng)可能存在差異。
[Abstract]:Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeusus 1758) is one of the most prevalent and most infected pathogens in the world, seriously endangering human health, while Ascaris suum Goezeus 1782) is the most common parasite causing infection in live pigs. The taxonomic status of the two has long been in dispute. In recent years, DNA technology has been applied to genetic studies of Ascaris lumbricoides populations, and some new findings have been made. There are different genotypes of Ascaris lumbricoides from human body and pig body, and different genotypes of Ascaris lumbricoides show host parasitic specificity in mice and pigs, but this difference is related to the migration and distribution of larvae in the host body. It is not clear yet. This article has carried on the research to this. In this study, under the control of experimental conditions, C57BL / 6 male mice infected with different genotypes of Ascaris lumbricoides G1 and G3 were infected with oocytes of C57BL / 6 (1 000 eggs / mouse) at the early stage of infection (that is, 2 hours after infection, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h and 12 h) and at the middle and late stages (1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 9 d, 11 d, 15 d, 20 d, 20 d, 34 d), respectively. Five mice were dissected in each time period. The number of eggs and larvae in small intestine and large intestine, and the number of larvae in blood, pleural effusion, peritoneal fluid, liver and lung were determined to compare their migration and distribution in mice. The results showed that there were significant differences in the number and position of hatching between G 1 and G 3 eggs in the intestine of mice. The number of larvae hatched in G 1 type was significantly higher than that in G 3 type larvae. The results suggest that the intestinal environment of mice may not be suitable for the hatching of G3 type eggs. The hatching sites of G3 type eggs are small intestine and large intestine, while the location of G3 type eggs is mainly in large intestine. There were differences in the distribution of the two genotypic larvae in the viscera of mice. The detectable number of G1 larvae in each organ was significantly higher than that of G3 larvae. The average weight of organs was observed after infection. The results showed that the effect and damage of type G 1 roundworm on the weight of the host spleen was significantly greater than that of the group infected with G3 type eggs. These results suggest that the host immune response induced by two genotypes Ascaris lumbricoides may be different.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：R382

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