在20世紀(jì)的英國(guó)文學(xué)中,威廉·薩默塞特·毛姆在廣大讀者中享有的盛譽(yù)與他在文學(xué)評(píng)論界所遭受的非議形成了鮮明的對(duì)比。“毛姆問(wèn)題”的困擾使得多數(shù)研究者囿于對(duì)其文學(xué)生涯的總體評(píng)述。由于缺乏對(duì)其代表小說(shuō)《人性的枷鎖》的細(xì)化分析,多數(shù)研究認(rèn)為,該作品在結(jié)構(gòu)、人物刻畫、結(jié)尾及基調(diào)方面存在著種種不足。鑒于毛姆在這部自傳體成長(zhǎng)小說(shuō)中對(duì)于自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的倫理關(guān)注,本論文將從文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)的“現(xiàn)實(shí)主義敘事文學(xué)的教化作用”觀點(diǎn)和規(guī)范倫理學(xué)中的“幸福實(shí)現(xiàn)律”出發(fā),對(duì)菲利普·凱里和其朋友的生活展開(kāi)分析;同時(shí)也將運(yùn)用傳記理論中的“關(guān)系的自我”觀點(diǎn)闡釋菲利普的成長(zhǎng)與其朋友之間的必然聯(lián)系,從而達(dá)到對(duì)該作品倫理價(jià)值和藝術(shù)缺陷的重新審視。通過(guò)解讀菲利普的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷,本論文指出人們對(duì)于自身非理性情感的克服及其對(duì)于才、力、命三要素的理性依賴才是實(shí)現(xiàn)倫理福祉的正途;而之前的研究者所指出的該小說(shuō)的不足其實(shí)并非毛姆藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的缺陷,而是其倫理思想的必然體現(xiàn)。

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【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER Ⅱ LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER Ⅲ THEROTICAL FRAMEWORK
    3.1 Ethical Literary Criticism and Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.1 An Overview about Ethical Literary Criticism
        3.1.2 Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.3 Ethical Preoccupation in Of Human Bondage
    3.2 “Relational Selves”in Autobiography Theory and “Biographies”in Of Human Bondage
CHAPTER Ⅳ PRIVATION OF HAPPINESS IN EARLY LIFE OF PHILIP CAREY AND HIS CONSEQUENT EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS
    4.1 Parentless and Friendless Unhappy Early Life
    4.2 Philip Carey’s Exploration for Happiness
        4.2.1 Unconscious Efforts to Win Others’Sympathy
        4.2.2 Conscious Exploration for Happiness as an Empathic Onlooker
CHAPTER Ⅴ EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS IN EMPATHIC OBSERVATION AND INTROSPECTION
    5.1 Witness of Life Tragedies—Cases of Frustrated Self-Realization in Human Bondages
        5.1.1 Hayward’s Aesthetic Idleness—Lack of Diligence
        5.1.2 Fanny Price’s Blind Confidence in Being Genius —Lack of Talent
        5.1.3 Cronshaw’s Cynical Indulgence—Lack of Ability to Cope With Fortune
    5.2 Frustrated Self-Realization in Imitation and Successful Exploration for Happiness in Introspection
        5.2.1 Blind Imitation of Other People
        5.2.2 Successful Exploration for Happiness in Empathic Observation and Introspection
CHAPTER Ⅵ CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED



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