在20世紀的英國文學中,威廉·薩默塞特·毛姆在廣大讀者中享有的盛譽與他在文學評論界所遭受的非議形成了鮮明的對比。“毛姆問題”的困擾使得多數(shù)研究者囿于對其文學生涯的總體評述。由于缺乏對其代表小說《人性的枷鎖》的細化分析,多數(shù)研究認為,該作品在結構、人物刻畫、結尾及基調方面存在著種種不足。鑒于毛姆在這部自傳體成長小說中對于自我實現(xiàn)的倫理關注,本論文將從文學倫理學批評的“現(xiàn)實主義敘事文學的教化作用”觀點和規(guī)范倫理學中的“幸福實現(xiàn)律”出發(fā),對菲利普·凱里和其朋友的生活展開分析;同時也將運用傳記理論中的“關系的自我”觀點闡釋菲利普的成長與其朋友之間的必然聯(lián)系,從而達到對該作品倫理價值和藝術缺陷的重新審視。通過解讀菲利普的成長經(jīng)歷,本論文指出人們對于自身非理性情感的克服及其對于才、力、命三要素的理性依賴才是實現(xiàn)倫理福祉的正途;而之前的研究者所指出的該小說的不足其實并非毛姆藝術創(chuàng)作的缺陷,而是其倫理思想的必然體現(xiàn)。

【文章頁數(shù)】：81 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER Ⅱ LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER Ⅲ THEROTICAL FRAMEWORK
    3.1 Ethical Literary Criticism and Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.1 An Overview about Ethical Literary Criticism
        3.1.2 Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.3 Ethical Preoccupation in Of Human Bondage
    3.2 “Relational Selves”in Autobiography Theory and “Biographies”in Of Human Bondage
CHAPTER Ⅳ PRIVATION OF HAPPINESS IN EARLY LIFE OF PHILIP CAREY AND HIS CONSEQUENT EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS
    4.1 Parentless and Friendless Unhappy Early Life
    4.2 Philip Carey’s Exploration for Happiness
        4.2.1 Unconscious Efforts to Win Others’Sympathy
        4.2.2 Conscious Exploration for Happiness as an Empathic Onlooker
CHAPTER Ⅴ EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS IN EMPATHIC OBSERVATION AND INTROSPECTION
    5.1 Witness of Life Tragedies—Cases of Frustrated Self-Realization in Human Bondages
        5.1.1 Hayward’s Aesthetic Idleness—Lack of Diligence
        5.1.2 Fanny Price’s Blind Confidence in Being Genius —Lack of Talent
        5.1.3 Cronshaw’s Cynical Indulgence—Lack of Ability to Cope With Fortune
    5.2 Frustrated Self-Realization in Imitation and Successful Exploration for Happiness in Introspection
        5.2.1 Blind Imitation of Other People
        5.2.2 Successful Exploration for Happiness in Empathic Observation and Introspection
CHAPTER Ⅵ CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED



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