馬斯洛需求層次視角下《蝴蝶夢》中敘述者的心理成長歷程
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-03 18:02
【摘要】：達(dá)芙妮·杜穆里埃(1907—1989)是英國20世紀(jì)英國著名的劇作家和小說家。她的創(chuàng)作生涯長達(dá)半個世紀(jì),創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域廣泛,涵蓋長篇、短片小說,劇本和傳記等。因其作品充滿了神秘、浪漫和懸疑色彩,她曾榮獲美國神秘小說作家大師獎�！逗麎簟肥瞧浣�(jīng)典作品,曾轟動文壇,成為當(dāng)時英美兩國最暢銷小說。 由于小說主要描繪了兩位性格迥異的女性,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者大多從女性主義、男權(quán)社會來解讀小說中的人物形象。在這些解讀中,大部分學(xué)者贊美、支持呂蓓卡,而對小說中的“我”卻表現(xiàn)出足夠的同情和譴責(zé)。本文將在馬斯洛需求層次理論視角下重新審視小說中的女主人公,探索她在不同的人生階段所表現(xiàn)出的人生需求,以及在她不斷地追求和努力地爭取下,最終由羞澀、軟弱和單純轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌墒�、勇敢的新時代女性的心路歷程。 本論文主要分為六個部分： 第一部分是引言。這一部分主要對作者達(dá)芙妮·杜穆里埃和她的作品《蝴蝶夢》進(jìn)行了簡單介紹,并對本論文的寫作背景、研究目的和論文結(jié)構(gòu)做了簡單梳理。 第二部分是文獻(xiàn)綜述和理論框架。文獻(xiàn)綜述回顧了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對《蝴蝶夢》的相關(guān)研究。前期的研究主要從哥特式形象、懸疑手法、浪漫主義和女性主義角度出發(fā),探討達(dá)芙妮的寫作技巧和小說中的呂蓓卡的真實(shí)性格特征,但是很少有人從心理學(xué)角度對小說中的女主人公進(jìn)行解讀。為了彌補(bǔ)這一空白,本文將依據(jù)需求層次理論,分析《蝴蝶夢》中的女主人公的心理成長歷程。理論框架部分介紹了與本論文相關(guān)的馬斯洛需求層次理論的概念和觀點(diǎn)。本論文將從該理論出發(fā),還原女主人公的真實(shí)形象。 第三部分主要運(yùn)用馬斯洛理論中的“缺失性需求”理論對女主人公的心理進(jìn)行分析�！叭笔孕枨蟆奔吹蛯哟涡枨�,包括生理需求、安全需求、社交需求和尊重需求。本部分主要從安全需求、社交需求和尊重需求的角度,分析女主人公在不同的生活階段和環(huán)境影響下所體現(xiàn)出的需求和欲望,從而探討她是如何滿足低一級的需求進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)更高層次需求的。 第四部分根據(jù)馬斯洛理論中的“自我實(shí)現(xiàn)需求”,解讀女主人公實(shí)現(xiàn)該層次需求的推動力、阻礙和具體表現(xiàn)�；谏弦徊糠址治龅摹叭笔孕枨蟆�,本章節(jié)繼而探討女主人公是怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)其高層次需求的,以及實(shí)現(xiàn)該需求所遇到的阻礙。 第五部分主要分析了推動女主人公實(shí)現(xiàn)自我成長的動機(jī)。馬斯洛需求理論中將動機(jī)分為“需要”因素和“刺激”因素,分別從內(nèi)外兩方面來刺激人的需求和欲望。本章節(jié)從這兩個方面論述了促使女主人公戰(zhàn)勝種種困難、完成自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的推動因素。 第六部分是論文的結(jié)論。本部分總結(jié)全文的研究過程和觀點(diǎn),闡釋了本研究的意義和不足。根據(jù)馬斯洛需求層次理論解讀女主人公的真實(shí)形象,可見她并非是一個膽小、懦弱和可悲的女性,如同呂蓓卡一樣,她也是在勇敢地追求自我,努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價值。小說中的女主公不斷追求自我價值、克服種種困難達(dá)到自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的精神,在當(dāng)今社會仍然值得借鑒和頌揚(yáng)。
[Abstract]:Daphne Dumurie (1907 - 1989) is a British famous playwright and novelist in twentieth Century. Her creative career has lasted for half a century, with a wide range of creative fields, short stories, scripts, biographies and so on. Her works are full of mystery, romance and suspense. She has won the American mystery novel Master Award. < butterfly dream >. It was his classic work, which made a sensation in the literary world and became the best selling novel in Britain and America at that time.
Since the novel mainly depicts two disparate women, most scholars both at home and abroad interpret the characters in the novel from feminism and patriarchal society. In these interpretations, most scholars praise and support Rebecca, but they show enough sympathy and condemnation for "I" in the novel. This article will be in Maslow's demand level theory. From the angle of view, the heroine in the novel is re examined to explore the needs of her life in different stages of life, and in the pursuit of her constant pursuit and effort, the course of the brave new age women's heart course is finally transformed from shyness, weakness and simplicity to maturity.
This paper is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction. This part is a brief introduction to the author Daphne Dumurie and her works "butterfly dream", and a simple combing of the writing background, purpose and structure of the thesis.
The second part is the literature review and the theoretical framework. The literature review reviews the domestic and foreign scholars' related research on the "butterfly dream". The previous studies mainly from the Gothic image, suspense manipulation, romanticism and feminism, discussed the writing skills of Daphne and the real character of Rebecca in the novel, but few people have from the research. In order to make up the blank, in order to make up the blank, this paper will analyze the psychological growth process of the heroine in the "butterfly dream" based on the theory of demand level. The theoretical framework introduces the concept and viewpoint of Maslow's demand level theory related to this thesis. The true image of the original heroine.
The third part mainly uses the "lack of demand" theory in Maslow's theory to analyze the heroine's psychology. "Lack of demand" is a low level demand, including physiological needs, security needs, social needs and respect needs. This part mainly analyzes the heroine from the perspective of security needs, social needs and respect for the needs of the heroine. The needs and desires embodied in the different stages of life and environment are discussed, and how she meets the needs of the lower level and then to achieve a higher level of demand.
The fourth part, based on the "self realization needs" in Maslow's theory, interprets the driving force, hindrance and concrete performance of the heroine's realization of this level of demand. Based on the "lack of demand" in the last part of the analysis, this chapter then discusses how the heroine realizes its high-level needs and the obstacles to the realization of this requirement.
The fifth part mainly analyzes the motivation of promoting the heroine to realize self growth. Maslow's demand theory divides motivation into "need" and "stimulating" factors, and stimulates human needs and desires from both inside and outside two aspects. This chapter expounds the heroine's victory over all kinds of difficulties and accomplishing self realization from these two aspects. The driving force.
The sixth part is the conclusion of the paper. This part summarizes the research process and view of the full text, and explains the significance and deficiency of this study. According to Maslow's demand level theory, the true image of the heroine is interpreted. It can be seen that she is not a coward, cowardly and pathetic woman. Like Rebecca, she is also courageously seeking self. To realize self value, the female hero in the novel is constantly seeking self value and overcoming difficulties to achieve the spirit of self realization. In today's society, it is still worth learning and praising.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I561.074
本文編號：2162531
[Abstract]:Daphne Dumurie (1907 - 1989) is a British famous playwright and novelist in twentieth Century. Her creative career has lasted for half a century, with a wide range of creative fields, short stories, scripts, biographies and so on. Her works are full of mystery, romance and suspense. She has won the American mystery novel Master Award. < butterfly dream >. It was his classic work, which made a sensation in the literary world and became the best selling novel in Britain and America at that time.
Since the novel mainly depicts two disparate women, most scholars both at home and abroad interpret the characters in the novel from feminism and patriarchal society. In these interpretations, most scholars praise and support Rebecca, but they show enough sympathy and condemnation for "I" in the novel. This article will be in Maslow's demand level theory. From the angle of view, the heroine in the novel is re examined to explore the needs of her life in different stages of life, and in the pursuit of her constant pursuit and effort, the course of the brave new age women's heart course is finally transformed from shyness, weakness and simplicity to maturity.
This paper is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction. This part is a brief introduction to the author Daphne Dumurie and her works "butterfly dream", and a simple combing of the writing background, purpose and structure of the thesis.
The second part is the literature review and the theoretical framework. The literature review reviews the domestic and foreign scholars' related research on the "butterfly dream". The previous studies mainly from the Gothic image, suspense manipulation, romanticism and feminism, discussed the writing skills of Daphne and the real character of Rebecca in the novel, but few people have from the research. In order to make up the blank, in order to make up the blank, this paper will analyze the psychological growth process of the heroine in the "butterfly dream" based on the theory of demand level. The theoretical framework introduces the concept and viewpoint of Maslow's demand level theory related to this thesis. The true image of the original heroine.
The third part mainly uses the "lack of demand" theory in Maslow's theory to analyze the heroine's psychology. "Lack of demand" is a low level demand, including physiological needs, security needs, social needs and respect needs. This part mainly analyzes the heroine from the perspective of security needs, social needs and respect for the needs of the heroine. The needs and desires embodied in the different stages of life and environment are discussed, and how she meets the needs of the lower level and then to achieve a higher level of demand.
The fourth part, based on the "self realization needs" in Maslow's theory, interprets the driving force, hindrance and concrete performance of the heroine's realization of this level of demand. Based on the "lack of demand" in the last part of the analysis, this chapter then discusses how the heroine realizes its high-level needs and the obstacles to the realization of this requirement.
The fifth part mainly analyzes the motivation of promoting the heroine to realize self growth. Maslow's demand theory divides motivation into "need" and "stimulating" factors, and stimulates human needs and desires from both inside and outside two aspects. This chapter expounds the heroine's victory over all kinds of difficulties and accomplishing self realization from these two aspects. The driving force.
The sixth part is the conclusion of the paper. This part summarizes the research process and view of the full text, and explains the significance and deficiency of this study. According to Maslow's demand level theory, the true image of the heroine is interpreted. It can be seen that she is not a coward, cowardly and pathetic woman. Like Rebecca, she is also courageously seeking self. To realize self value, the female hero in the novel is constantly seeking self value and overcoming difficulties to achieve the spirit of self realization. In today's society, it is still worth learning and praising.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I561.074
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