本文選題：黑夜 + 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)�。� 參考：《云南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：《茫茫黑夜漫游》是法國(guó)當(dāng)代作家費(fèi)迪南.塞利納的代表作和成名作,1932年,小說(shuō)一經(jīng)發(fā)表,立刻在文壇上掀起軒然大波,雖然遺憾地與龔古爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)失之交臂,但立即獲得了雷諾多文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),得到了許多知名人士的稱贊,西蒙·德·波伏娃曾回憶說(shuō)：“那一年我們最看重的法國(guó)作品,就是塞利納的《茫茫黑夜漫游》。我們背得出許多段落......塞利納鍛造了一種新工具：一種像口語(yǔ)一樣生動(dòng)的文字。在紀(jì)德、阿蘭、瓦萊里無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的句子之后,多么放松啊!薩特仿效這種寫法�！瘪R爾羅甚至把自己新發(fā)表的《人的境況》贈(zèng)送給這位文壇新秀,以示友誼。美國(guó)作家亨利·密勒是最早接觸到這部小說(shuō)的外國(guó)作家,他贊賞地說(shuō)塞利納不僅是個(gè)偉大的作家,還是個(gè)偉人。但是由于小說(shuō)中的悲觀主義色彩過(guò)于隆重,也遭到了一部分人的損貶,季奧諾說(shuō)這部小說(shuō)“很有趣,但有偏見(jiàn)。而且不自然,如果塞利納確實(shí)怎么寫就怎么想,他就會(huì)自殺�！卑H不一的評(píng)論一時(shí)興起,使塞利納成為當(dāng)時(shí)文壇的焦點(diǎn)。 小說(shuō)以第一次世界大戰(zhàn)為背景,通過(guò)主人公巴達(dá)謬從歐洲到非洲,再輾轉(zhuǎn)至美國(guó)最后回到法國(guó)的流浪漢式的經(jīng)歷,講述了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間以及資本主義制度下人類所面臨的尷尬境地——人性喪失、道德沉淪,精神世界陷入一片黑暗之中。書中主人公經(jīng)常感覺(jué)陷入茫茫黑夜,難以找到出口,使讀者也感覺(jué)到難以忍受的窒息、絕望。這個(gè)黑夜既是真實(shí)的時(shí)間概念,同時(shí)也是一個(gè)象征概念,作者把自身經(jīng)歷與虛構(gòu)故事相融合,用尖銳的筆觸,獨(dú)特的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格,深刻揭露并抨擊了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、殖民主義、資本主義。全書三十多萬(wàn)字,都是塞利納的沉重嘆息與深沉呼喚。 盡管塞利納在二戰(zhàn)期間發(fā)表過(guò)一些反猶太人的文章,戴上了種族主義的帽子,遭到了的唾棄。但是,作家本人的行為和其作品的價(jià)值并不構(gòu)成等式,二戰(zhàn)期間,描寫戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),批判資本主義的文學(xué)著作不乏其例,可是大多數(shù)都消逝在和平時(shí)期,而《茫茫黑夜漫游》卻成了經(jīng)典,經(jīng)久不衰,這足以證明該書的價(jià)值已經(jīng)超越了作者層面,也超越了時(shí)空限制,因?yàn)樾≌f(shuō)的中心主題——存在、死亡、道德、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),其實(shí)仍然是當(dāng)今人類應(yīng)該思考的問(wèn)題,因此,該作品是值得我們?nèi)パ芯康摹?人類從出生到死亡,就像一次旅行,有人看得到光明,有人卻深陷黑暗,文中主人公巴達(dá)謬跨越三大洲,歷時(shí)十余載的傳奇流浪其實(shí)也是尋找黑夜盡頭的過(guò)程,黑夜在他生命中不同時(shí)期、不同地點(diǎn)的含義是不同的。論文將從“黑夜”這一意象在文學(xué)作品中的意義入手,提煉出塞利納筆下黑夜的形象。夜的意象將分為兩大部分來(lái)研究：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之夜,人性之夜。這些“夜”是罪惡的、不人道的,絕望的卻能引人反思的。為了深刻分析夜的象征意象,文中將會(huì)貫穿小說(shuō)背景,作者生平以及小說(shuō)中不同場(chǎng)景的社會(huì)根源和時(shí)代印記,最終揭示出作者對(duì)于人類命運(yùn)的深切關(guān)懷。
[Abstract]:Wandering through the Night is Ferdinand, a contemporary French writer. Selena's masterpiece and famous work, as soon as the novel was published in 1932, immediately set off a great uproar in the literary world. Although regrettably missing from the Gongul Prize for Literature, it immediately won the Renault Prize for Literature, which was praised by many famous people. Simon de Bovova once recalled: "the French work we valued most that year was Salina's Walk of the Night." We can recite many paragraphs. Selena forged a new tool: a word as vivid as spoken. After the indifferent sentences of Gide, Alan and Valery, how relaxed! Sartre emulated this writing. " Malraux even presented his new publication, the Human condition, to the literary rookie as a sign of friendship. Henry Miller, an American writer, was the first foreign writer to come into contact with the novel. He praised Salina as not only a great writer, but also a great man. But because the pessimism in the novel was too grand and was devalued by some, Theona said the novel was "interesting, but biased." And it's not natural, if Selena really writes what he thinks, he'll kill himself. " Criticism of the moment, so that Selena became the focus of the literary world at that time. The novel is set in World War I, through the tramp of the protagonist Bada, from Europe to Africa, to the United States, and finally back to France. This paper describes the embarrassing situation faced by mankind during the war and under the capitalist system-loss of human nature, moral degradation, and the spiritual world plunged into darkness. The protagonist in the book often feels trapped in the dark, difficult to find the exit, so that the reader also feel unbearable suffocation, despair. This dark night is not only a real concept of time, but also a symbolic concept. The author combines his own experience with fictional stories, uses sharp strokes, unique language style, and profoundly exposes and criticizes war, colonialism, and capitalism. More than three hundred thousand words are the heavy sigh and deep call of Selena. Although Selena published anti-Semitic articles during World War II, wearing a racist hat, was spurned. However, the author's own behavior and the value of his work do not constitute an equation. During World War II, there were many examples of literary works describing war and criticizing capitalism, but most of them disappeared in peacetime. And it's a classic, enduring, that proves that the value of the book has gone beyond the author's level and beyond the limits of time and space, because the central themes of the novel are existence, death, morality, war, In fact, it is still a problem that human beings should think about today, therefore, this work is worthy of our study. From birth to death, human beings are like a journey. Some people can see the light, others are deep in darkness. In this article, the protagonist Bada Mui spans three continents, and the legendary vagrancy that lasts more than 10 years is actually a process of finding the end of the night. The night has different meanings at different times and places in his life. This paper will begin with the meaning of the image of "night" in literary works, and refine the image of night written by Selena. The image of night will be studied in two parts: the night of war and the night of humanity. These "nights" are sinful, inhuman, desperate but reflexive. In order to deeply analyze the symbolic image of night, the text will run through the background of the novel, the author's life, the social roots and epochal imprint of different scenes in the novel, and finally reveal the author's deep concern for the fate of mankind.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：I565.074

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本文編號(hào)：1876143